海 淀 區(qū) 高 三 年 級 第 一 學(xué) 期 期 末 練 習(xí)

化   學(xué)              2008.1

學(xué)校                班級               姓名          

題號

第I卷

第Ⅱ卷

總分

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

分?jǐn)?shù)

本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，第Ⅰ卷1至3頁，第Ⅱ卷4至8頁，共100分�？荚嚂r間120分鐘。答題時請將第Ⅰ卷每小題的正確答案選出后，填在第4頁答卷表格的相應(yīng)空格中，若僅答在第Ⅰ卷上則不給分。請將第Ⅱ卷各題的答案直接答在試卷的相應(yīng)位置上。

可能用到的相對原子質(zhì)量

H 1 C 12  N 14  O 16  Na 23  Mg 24  Al 27  Si 28  S 32  Cl 35.5  Fe 56  Cu 64

可能用到的溶解度(20℃)

物質(zhì)

NaCl

Na₂CO₃

NaHCO₃

NH₄HCO₃

(NH₄)₂CO₃

NH₄Cl

溶解度/g

36.0

21.3

9.6

21.0

55.8

37.2

第Ⅰ卷（選擇題  共45分）

本卷共15道小題，每小題3分，共45分。在每小題列出的四個選項中，選出符合題目要求的一個選項。

1．下列關(guān)于環(huán)境污染的說法不正確的是

A．二氧化硫、二氧化氮和二氧化碳任意排放都會導(dǎo)致酸雨

B．生活污水、農(nóng)藥和難分解有機物等會造成水體污染

C．裝飾材料中的甲醛、芳香烴及氡等會造成居室污染

D．二氧化碳和甲烷等物質(zhì)的大量排放會造成溫室效應(yīng)的加劇

2．下列說法正確的是

A．多數(shù)合金的熔點一般比組成合金的各成分金屬高

B．變色玻璃中的一種是含有溴化銀和微量氧化銅的玻璃

C．紅寶石、藍寶石和金剛石都是由碳元素組成的寶石

D．光導(dǎo)纖維的主要成分是硅，可廣泛用于通信和醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域

3．下列說法正確的是

A．紅熱的鐵與水反應(yīng)可生成氧化鐵和氫氣

B．工業(yè)上可用金屬鋁與氧化鎂熔融反應(yīng)制備金屬鎂

C．純凈的氫氣可以在氯氣中安靜地燃燒，發(fā)出蒼白色火焰

D．將二氧化硫通入到紫色石蕊試液中，試液先變紅后褪色

4．下列實驗操作或安全事故處理中正確的是

A．用分液漏斗分離甘油和水的混合物

B．用乙醇和濃硫酸除去乙酸乙酯中的少量乙酸雜質(zhì)

C．不慎將苯酚沾到皮膚上，先用氫氧化鈉溶液清洗，再用大量的清水沖洗

D．稀釋濃硫酸時，將濃硫酸沿?zé)�杯壁慢慢注入水中并不斷攪�?/p>

5．右圖是制備和收集氣體的實驗裝置，該裝置可用于

A．濃硝酸與銅反應(yīng)制取二氧化氮

B．碳化鈣與食鹽水反應(yīng)制取乙炔

C．濃氨水與生石灰反應(yīng)制取氨氣

D．濃鹽酸與二氧化錳反應(yīng)制取氯氣

6．下列說法正確的是

A．淀粉、纖維素和葡萄糖均屬于多糖

B．苯和甲苯均能使酸性高錳酸鉀溶液褪色

C．用溴水能鑒別苯、四氯化碳、乙醇和苯酚

D．溴乙烷在氫氧化鈉醇溶液共熱的條件下生成乙醇

7．下列離子方程式不正確的是

A．向碳酸氫鈣溶液中加入過量的氫氧化鈉溶液：Ca²⁺+OH^-+HCO^-₃  CaCO₃↓+H₂O

B．硫酸亞鐵溶液中加入用硫酸酸化的過氧化氫溶液：2Fe²⁺+H₂O₂+2H⁺  2Fe³⁺+2H₂O

C．銅和稀硝酸反應(yīng)：3Cu+8H⁺+2NO₃^-  3Cu²⁺+2NO↑+4H₂O

D．向次氯酸鈣溶液中通入少量二氧化碳：Ca²⁺+2ClO^-+CO₂+H₂O  2HClO+CaCO₃↓

8．如圖電解池中裝有硫酸銅溶液，選用不同材料的電極進行電解。下列說法正確的是

序

號

電極材料

通電后的變化

陰極

陽極

A

石墨

石墨

陰極質(zhì)量增加，溶液的pH增大

B

銅

銅

陽極質(zhì)量減小，陰極質(zhì)量增加

C

鐵

鐵

兩極的質(zhì)量不發(fā)生變化

D

鉑

鐵

陰極質(zhì)量增加，溶液的pH不變

9．能大量共存于同一溶液中，且當(dāng)水電離c(H⁺)=10^-13mol/L時，又能發(fā)生反應(yīng)的離子組是

①Na⁺、Ba²⁺、Cl^-、HCO₃^-                 ②K⁺、NH₄⁺、CH₃COO^-、SO

③Ca²⁺、NH₄⁺、SO、SO               ④Fe³⁺、Na⁺、SCN^-、Cl^-

⑤Al³⁺、Na⁺、HCO₃^-、NO₃^-

A．只有①          B．②③          C．①④          D．①②

10．為監(jiān)測空氣中汞蒸氣是否超標(biāo)，通過懸掛涂有CuI(白色)的濾紙，根據(jù)濾紙是否變色(亮黃色至暗紅色)及變色所需時間來判斷空氣中的汞含量。發(fā)生的化學(xué)反應(yīng)為：

4CuI+Hg  Cu₂HgI₄+2Cu。下列說法不正確的是

A．上述反應(yīng)屬于置換反應(yīng)

B．該反應(yīng)中的氧化劑為CuI

C．Cu₂HgI₄既是氧化產(chǎn)物又是還原產(chǎn)物

D．當(dāng)有1 mol CuI參與反應(yīng)時，轉(zhuǎn)移電子的物質(zhì)的量為0.5 mol

11．短周期元素X、Y、Z和W的原子序數(shù)依次遞增，且均為同周期，四元素原子的最外層電子數(shù)之和為18，X和Y的原子序數(shù)比6∶7，X的最高正價是W的最低負(fù)價絕對值的2倍。下列說法不正確的是

A．Y的單質(zhì)可能為原子晶體

B．X和W可組成離子化合物

C．Z和W的單質(zhì)發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)可生成兩種共價化合物

D．Z和W的最高價氧化物對應(yīng)水化物都是強酸

12．下列實驗?zāi)苓_到預(yù)期目的是

序號

實驗內(nèi)容

實驗?zāi)康?/p>

A

向甲酸和甲醛的混合液中加入氫氧化鈉溶液，中和甲酸后，加入新制的氫氧化銅加熱

檢驗混合物中是否含有甲醛

B

向米湯中加入含碘的食鹽，觀察是否有顏色的變化

檢驗含碘食鹽中是否含碘酸鉀

C

向紅磚粉末中加入鹽酸，充分反應(yīng)后，取上層清液于試管中，滴加硫氰化鉀溶液，觀察溶液顏色的變化

檢驗紅磚中是否含有Fe³⁺

D

向淀粉溶液中加入稀硫酸加熱后，再做銀鏡反應(yīng)實驗

檢驗淀粉是否水解

13．某溫度下在容積為2 L的密閉容器中，發(fā)生2X(g)+Y(g)          2W(g)的反應(yīng)，當(dāng)充入1 mol X和1 mol Y，經(jīng)20 s達到平衡時生成了0.4 mol W。下列說法正確的是

A．若升高溫度，W的體積分?jǐn)?shù)減小，則該反應(yīng)ΔH<0

B．以Y的濃度變化表示的反應(yīng)速率為0.01 mol／(L?s)

C．在其他條件不變的情況下，增加1 mol X，則X和Y的轉(zhuǎn)化率均提高

D．增大壓強正反應(yīng)速率增大，逆反應(yīng)速率減小，則平衡向正反應(yīng)方向移動

14．下列說法正確的是

①標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況下，22.4 L己烯含有的分子數(shù)約為6.02×10²³

②標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況下，a L的氧氣和氮氣的混合物含有的分子數(shù)約為×6.02×10²³

③7.1 g氯氣與足量的氫氧化鈉溶液反應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移的電子數(shù)約為0.2×6.02×10²³

④10 g重水中含有的中子數(shù)約為4×6.02×10²³

⑤1 mol乙醇中含有的共價鍵數(shù)約為7×6.02×10²³

⑥500 mL  1 mol／L的硫酸鋁溶液中含有的硫酸根離子數(shù)約為1.5×6.02×10²³

A．①④            B．②⑤            C．③⑤            D．②⑥

15．有濃度均為0.1 mol／L ①醋酸溶液 ②氯化銨溶液 ③硫酸溶液各25 mL。下列說法正確的是

A．三種溶液pH大小的順序是①>②>③

B．若將三種溶液稀釋相同倍數(shù)，pH變化最大的是①

C．三種溶液中由水電離產(chǎn)生的氫離子濃度大小順序是②>①>③

D．若分別加入25 mL 0.1 mol／L的氫氧化鈉溶液后，pH最大的是①

海 淀 區(qū) 高 三 年 級 第 一 學(xué) 期 期 末 練 習(xí)

化   學(xué)              2008.1

請將第Ⅰ卷中各小題答案前的字母，填寫到下表中相應(yīng)的位置上。

題號

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

答案

題號

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

答案

第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題  共55分）

16．(4分)元素周期表中的六種元素①②③④⑤⑥位置如下圖所示：

①

②

③

④

⑤

⑥

回答下列問題。

 (1)由②④⑤三種元素組成的無機物(相對分子質(zhì)量106)，其水溶液呈堿性，用離子方程式表示其原因：                                           。

(2)只含①③④三種元素的一種常見離子化合物中，元素③的化合價分別處于最高價和最低價，則其水溶液中離子濃度的由大到小順序為                            。

(3)元素③的氫化物與元素④單質(zhì)在一定條件下發(fā)生置換反應(yīng)，在該反應(yīng)中氧化劑與還原劑的物質(zhì)的量之比為                。

(4)用惰性電極電解元素⑥的最高價氧化物對應(yīng)水化物的稀溶液，陽極的電極反應(yīng)式為                            。

17．(6分)請根據(jù)題目要求回答下列問題。

(1)工業(yè)接觸法制硫酸的生產(chǎn)中用到的設(shè)備有：①沸騰爐、②          、③吸收塔，寫出在設(shè)備②中，發(fā)生的主要反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式：                             。

(2)已知SO₂轉(zhuǎn)化為SO₃的反應(yīng)為放熱反應(yīng)，下圖中正確的是          (填序號)。

(3)在吸收塔中，為了提高SO₃的吸收率，工業(yè)上選擇的吸收劑是          (填序號)。

A．H₂O       B．稀H₂SO₄       C．98.3％H₂SO₄       D．NH₃?H₂O溶液

(4)在101 kPa時，燃燒1 kg含F(xiàn)eS₂質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為60％的黃鐵礦，放出4 265 kJ的熱量(假設(shè)雜質(zhì)不參加反應(yīng))，則表示FeS₂燃燒熱的熱化學(xué)方程式為：

                                                                            。

18．(5分)含碳、氫、氧三種元素的某鏈狀有機物A，測得其相對分子質(zhì)量為116，分子組成中碳、氫、氧三種元素的原子個數(shù)比為1∶1∶1。又知A能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色，0.1 mol A與足量NaHCO₃溶液反應(yīng)生成4.48 L氣體(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況)。請回答下列問題。

(1)A的分子式為          ，A分子中含有官能團的名稱是         、         。

(2)已知A分子中沒有支鏈，其結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為                                    。

(3)寫出A能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色的化學(xué)方程式：

                                                                        。

19．(8分)芳香族化合物X可發(fā)生如下的相互轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系。已知W中含有兩個相同的含氧官能團。

(1)Z的名稱為            ，Z在濃硫酸存在的條件下，與甲醇共熱的化學(xué)方程式為：

                                                                      。

(2)W的分子結(jié)構(gòu)可表示為：                         (其中C₇H₇和A為未知部

分),已知X中只有一個甲基，則X的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為(不能用代碼表示)：

                                                                            ，

X能發(fā)生的反應(yīng)類型有            (填序號)。

A．取代反應(yīng)      B．加成反應(yīng)      C．消去反應(yīng)      D．氧化反應(yīng)

(3)若X的多種同分異構(gòu)體中，除C₇H₇―(含苯環(huán))結(jié)構(gòu)不同外，其余部分均與X的結(jié)構(gòu)相同，寫出它們的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式。

                                                                            。

20．(7分)A、B、C和D均為短周期元素組成的非金屬單質(zhì)。其中B、C、D在常溫下為氣態(tài)，A為固體，W為含42個電子的離子化合物。它們滿足如下圖的轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系(反應(yīng)條件略)。

(1)已知E為直線型的非極性分子，則E的結(jié)構(gòu)式為                      ；

D單質(zhì)的電子式為           ；G中兩元素的原子個數(shù)比為1∶3，則G分子的空間構(gòu)型為                    。

(2)C+D→G的化學(xué)方程式為                                              。

(3)已知短周期元素X與B中的元素位于同一主族，則X的最高價氧化物對應(yīng)水化物的濃溶液與A反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式為                                    。

(4)20℃時將G和E通入飽和食鹽水中，有晶體析出，寫出該反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式：

                                                                    。

21．(7分)X、Y、Z、W和N均是由短周期元素組成的五種化合物。已知五種化合物水溶液的焰色反應(yīng)均呈黃色，Y、Z和N均由三種元素組成。請根據(jù)題目要求回答下列問題。

(1)固體化合物X為淺黃色粉末，該化合物中含有的化學(xué)鍵有             (填序號)。

A．離子鍵         B．極性共價鍵         C．非極性共價鍵          D．氫鍵

(2)寫出X與二氧化碳反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式                                      。

(3)下表為Y與Z實驗的部分內(nèi)容：

序號

主要實驗步驟及實驗現(xiàn)象

①

在含Y的溶液中，加入稀硫酸放置，產(chǎn)生淺黃色沉淀和無色有刺激性氣味的氣體，該氣體可使品紅溶液褪色

在含Z的溶液中，滴加鹽酸，開始有白色沉淀，繼續(xù)滴加鹽酸，白色沉淀先增加后消失，然后加入過量的氨水又出現(xiàn)白色沉淀

③

將實驗②最終得到的混合物加熱蒸發(fā)、灼燒，最終得到白色固體

寫出Y與稀硫酸反應(yīng)的離子方程式                                          。

(4)寫出含0．1 mol Z的溶液與20 mL 5 mol／L的鹽酸反應(yīng)的離子方程式：

                                                                        。

實驗③加熱蒸發(fā)、灼燒得到的最終產(chǎn)物主要是                                。

(5)化合物W和N可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化：W           N。若有W和N?xH₂O的混合物

6.52 g，加熱到完全反應(yīng)后，氣體產(chǎn)物通過濃硫酸增重1.71 g，剩余氣體通過堿石灰增重1.10 g，則混合物中W的質(zhì)量為       ，N?xH₂O的化學(xué)式為           。

22．(11分)某�；瘜W(xué)課外小組用硫酸鐵廢液(含少量硫酸銅和稀硫酸)，制備硫酸亞鐵晶體并進行如下實驗。制備硫酸亞鐵晶體主要的操作流程如下。

請根據(jù)題目要求回答下列問題。

(1)A的化學(xué)式為            ，上述操作過程中用到的玻璃儀器有：①燒杯、②玻璃棒、③酒精燈、④溫度計、⑤                 。

(2)趁熱過濾的目的是                                                     。

(3)結(jié)晶操作過程中應(yīng)控制濾液酸性的原因是                                 。

(4)已知硫酸亞鐵銨［(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂］比硫酸亞鐵穩(wěn)定，常用在分析化學(xué)中。硫酸亞鐵銨可用硫酸銨和硫酸亞鐵反應(yīng)制得。實驗室利用硫酸亞鐵銨溶液和草酸溶液反應(yīng)生成草酸亞鐵沉淀來制備草酸亞鐵。寫出硫酸亞鐵銨溶液與草酸溶液反應(yīng)的離子方程式                                                                  。

(5)草酸亞鐵晶體(相對分子質(zhì)量180)受熱易分解。某課外小組設(shè)計如圖的實驗裝置來檢驗其分解產(chǎn)物。

①該裝置中最不合理的部分          (填字母)，原因是                     

                                    。

②改用正確裝置實驗開始后，B處變藍，說明草酸亞鐵晶體中有            ；C處有白色沉淀，E處部分黑色粉末變?yōu)榧t色，說明草酸亞鐵分解產(chǎn)生         

(填化學(xué)式，下同)；反應(yīng)后在A處試管中有黑色固體粉末(混合物)產(chǎn)生，倒出時有燃燒現(xiàn)象。A處試管中的黑色固體粉末可能是                       。

23．(7分)已知CuO在高溫下用H₂還原，可生成Cu，也可能有Cu₂O生成。當(dāng)H₂足量時，生成的Cu₂O也能被H₂還原成Cu。

(1)寫出H₂在高溫下還原CuO過程中可能發(fā)生反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式：

①CuO+H₂Cu+H₂O,②                                            ，

③                                                                  。

(2)Cu⁺在酸性溶液中不穩(wěn)定，可發(fā)生自身氧化還原反應(yīng)生成Cu²⁺和Cu�，F(xiàn)有濃硫酸、濃硝酸、稀硫酸和稀硝酸四種試劑。簡述如何用最簡便的實驗方法來檢驗CuO經(jīng)氫氣還原所得到的紅色產(chǎn)物中是否含有Cu₂O。

                                                                  。

(3)若將10.0 g CuO在高溫下與H₂發(fā)生反應(yīng)，反應(yīng)結(jié)束后測得剩余固體質(zhì)量為  8.4 g，則反應(yīng)過程中轉(zhuǎn)移電子物質(zhì)的量為                     。

(4)若有a g CuO和Cu₂O的混合物，加入2.0 mol／L H₂SO₄ V mL，使混合物恰好全部反應(yīng)，則V的取值范圍為                                      。

海 淀 區(qū) 高 三 年 級 第 一 學(xué) 期 期 末 練 習(xí)

化   學(xué)

試題詳情

海 淀 區(qū) 高 三 年 級 第 一 學(xué) 期 期 末 練 習(xí)

數(shù)  學(xué)（理科）             2008.1

學(xué)校                班級               姓名          

題號

一

二

三

總分

（15）

（16）

（17）

（18）

（19）

（20）

分?jǐn)?shù)

試題詳情

海 淀 區(qū) 高 三 年 級 第 一 學(xué) 期 期 末 練 習(xí)

數(shù)  學(xué)（文科）             2008.1

學(xué)校                班級               姓名          

題號

一

二

三

總分

（15）

（16）

（17）

（18）

（19）

（20）

分?jǐn)?shù)

試題詳情

海淀區(qū)高三年級第一學(xué)期期末練習(xí)

               英    語         2008.1

學(xué)校              班級            姓名         

本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。共150分�？荚嚂r間120分鐘。

第Ⅰ卷(選擇題，共115分)

第一部分：聽力理解(共兩節(jié)，30分)

第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。

1．How is David going to the park?

A．On foot．              B．By bus．                   C．By bike．

2．What will the man do while the woman is away?

A．Clean the house．      B．Buy some plants．          C．Water the plants．

3．What is the man’s favorite free-time activity?

A．Going fishing．        B．Playing chess．            C．Listening to music．

4．How long will the man wait at the airport?

A．Forty-five minutes．   B．Fifteen minutes．          C．Half an hour．

5．What is the weather like?

A．Sunny but cold．       B．Windy but warm．           C．Cloudy and freezing．

第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，共22.5分)

聽下面6段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將

給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6．Why does Mary have to work late?

A．To watch a game．        B．To write a report．      C．To visit her friend．

7．When will Mary probably arrive at the game?

A．7：00 pm～8：00 pm．    B．8：00 pm～9：00 pm．    C．9：00 pm～10：00 pm．

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8．What is Carol like?

A．She’s sociable．        B．She’s serious．         C．She’s shy．

9．Which is likely to be Bob?

10．How does the woman know Bob?

A．She is taking tennis lessons from him．

B．They met at a party two months ago．

C．They learn tennis in the same class．

聽第8段材料，回答第11至12題。

11．What is the woman doing?

A．Talking to her boss．    B．Waiting for a phone call．    C．Exercising in the garden．

12．What’s the relationship between the two speakers?

A．Neighbors．           B．Good friends．              C．Husband and wife．

聽第9段材料，回答第13至14題。

13．Where did the man get his knowledge about computers?

A．From a video game．   B．From a magazine．          C．From an article．

14．What are the two speakers talking about?

A．Different uses of computers．

B．Software for accounting systems．

C．Booking tickets through computers．

聽第10段材料，回答第15至17題。

15．What does the girl think of the movie?

A．Disappointing．       B．Amazing．                   C．Boring．

16．What kind of movie are they talking about?

A．Comedy．              B．Action movie．              C．Science fiction.

17．Where does this conversation take place?

A．At a movie theater．  B．At the speakers’home．     C．In the neighbor’s house．

聽第11段材料，回答第18至20題。

18．What service is being advertised?

A．Carpet cleaning．     B．Food service．              C．House repair．

19.What is the cost of the service if customers call now?

A．$4．49．             B．$25．46．                   C．$29．95．

20．Who is most likely to call for the service?

A．Master Cleaners．    B．Repair workers．            C．Housewives．

第二部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，45分)

第一節(jié)  單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，共15分)

從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child       he or she wants．

A．however          B．whatever     C．whichever            D．whenever

答案是B。

21．―Peter，you know what? Mother says we can have a dog!

―Great! But I’d rather have a cat．It is       to take care of．

A．the easiest      B．easiest      C．easier               D．easy

22．―Haven’t seen you all for ages!       all right?

―Not good．We’ve got problems with sales．

A．Something        B．Everything   C．Anything             D．Nothing

23．―We should get together next week．

―Sounds like a plan! I       you a call．

A．will give        B．would give   C．have given           D．give

24．―Gina has a sweet tooth and loves meat more than anything else．

―No wonder she       weight so fast．

A．gains            B．gained       C．had gained           D．is gaining

25．―Please carry a cell phone to make it easier for me to get hold of you．

―OK，Dad．But I am eighteen．You       worry so much．

A．can’t           B．mustn’t     C．shouldn’t           D．wouldn’t

26．Teamwork is very important in modern society．       an effective team member，you

need to develop a teamwork attitude．

A．Become           B．Becoming     C．Having become        D．To become

27．All his attention       on the computer game he was playing，so he even didn’t notice

his mother enter the room．

A．has been fixed   B．was fixing   C．was fixed            D．fixed

28．With the development of its economy，Beijing has changed       recognition in the

last five years.

A．without          B．beyond       C．over                 D．with

29．The Chinese government has made the Mid-autumn festival a legal holiday，      

people will have a day off．

A．when             B．which        C．where                D．what

30．It was only when I reread his poems recently       I began to appreciate their beauty．

A．so               B．a(chǎn)s           C．then                 D．that

31．The No．5 subway line，     in October 2007，has greatly improved the traffic conditions

in Beijing．

A．opened           B．was opened   C．being opened         D．to be opened

32．These children are wild．I feel sorry for       has to be their babysitter．

A．who              B．whom         C．whoever              D．whomever

33．She did not allow her failure in the exam to discourage her．      ，she began to work

twice as hard．

A．In addition                      B．On the whole

C．In conclusion                    D．On the contrary

34．Despite the great success of Chang’e-1，experts say，it will be at least ten

years      our astronauts can land on the moon．

A．while            B．before       C．since            D．until

35．Environmental groups intend to      the pressure until the government changes the law．

A．keep up          B．make up      C．pick up          D．bring up

第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

To Be Lucky，Be Prepared

I remember the exact moment I learned the principle of preparing for luck．

I was on the wrestling team．Now，if there’s one thing I can tell you about any sport，it is that wrestling is probably the sport that has the least  36  ．There are only two people out on the mat，so you cannot  37  it on your teammates or your coach．And guess what? There is no  38  because we do the whole thing indoors，so you can’t say，“It was raining”or“It was snowing．”It makes  39 to say wrestling is the sport with the least luck．

On our team were two world champions；one of them had been a world champion five times．

We  40  had five people who were national champions．One of them was a guy  41  the name

of John．

John had never been  42  in any high school wrestling competition that I could remember，  43  he was a national champion．There was nobody locally who could touch him．

One day，we  44  a match with our biggest opponent(對手)．John went out on the mat，and about a minute and 30 seconds into the match he tried to make a particular  45  ．He rolled over, and his opponent  46  him halfway through his roll．He was pinned  47  !

The match was over．

I remember on the bus on the way home，one of our teammates tried to  48  John by saying，

“Oh，he just got lucky.”And John said，“That’s so stupid．The opportunity presented itself，  49  he exploited it．”

We used to have this big sign in our wrestling room that the coach had  50  there：“Luck is what happens when opportunity  51  preparation.”

John’s opponent was prepared to exploit this opportunity．The probability of  52  John was not strong，and he knew it．But he paid attention to the  53  opportunity to present itself，and he defeated and pinned a five-time national champion．

In other words，the real  54  is“Be prepared!”It’s not just finding the opportunity；you  have to be prepared to  55  it．

36．A．1uck             B．risk         C．difficulty           D．opportunity

37．A．a(chǎn)ccuse           B．blame        C．doubt                D．keep

38．A．stress           B．injury       C．weather              D．standard

39．A．judgment         B．progress     C．sense                D．way

40．A．a(chǎn)lso             B．even             C．only             D．once

41．A．under            B．for              C．in               D．by

42．A．hurt             B．chosen           C．trained          D．defeated

43．A．a(chǎn)lthough         B．because          C．unless           D．until

44．A．went for         B．waited for       C．fought for       D．played for

45．A．sign             B．step             C．task             D．move

46．A．fixed            B．threw            C．caught           D．carried

47．A．a(chǎn)ccidentally     B．fortunately      C．unfairly         D．instantly

48．A．calm             B．comfort          C．convince         D．forgive

49．A．so               B．or               C．a(chǎn)nd              D．but

50．A．set              B．put              C．left             D．used

51．A．meets            B．suits            C．gets             D．fits

52．A．striking         B．beating          C．knocking         D．controlling

53．A．equal            B．exact            C．rest             D．right

54．A．message          B．passage          C．decision         D．suggestion

55．A．receive          B．follow           C．seize            D．save

第三部分：閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，共40分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

My teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked，“Who broke this window?”Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done，but also what our teacher may have found out．She seldom became angry，but she was this time．

“Oh，” I thought．I was the one who broke the window．It was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball．If I admitted guilt，I would be in a lot of trouble．How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn’t even get an allowance.“ My father is going to have a fit，”I thought．I didn’t want to raise my hand，but some force much stronger than I was pulled it skyward．I told the truth.“I did it．”It was hard enough to say what I had．

My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher to strike a student，but I feared she was going to start with me．

“I know how you like birds，”she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden face．“Here is that field guide about birds that you are constantly checking out．It is yours now．It’s time we got a new one for the school anyway．You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed，I am rewarding you for your truthfulness.”

I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide―the very one that I had been saving up money to buy.

All that remains of that day is my memory and the lesson my teacher taught me．That lesson stays with me every day and it will echo forever.

56．From the story，we can learn that the boy       .

A．didn’t break the window on purpose

B．lacked the strength to admit his guilt

C．tried to think about what he had done

D．didn’t know what the teacher would find out

57．If the boy admitted guilt，he thought he would NOT       ．

A．be punished by the teacher           B．make his father angry

C．pay for the broken window            D．get a bird field guide

58．Which of the following best describes the changes in the boy’s feelings?

A．Afraid ― Surprised ― Thankful．

B．Frightened ― Amazed ― Proud．

C．Regretful ― Guilty ― Excited．

D．Nervous ― Afraid ― Satisfied．

59．What is the lesson the boy’s teacher taught him?

A．Every coin has two sides．           B．Honesty is always valued．

C．Bad luck never comes alone．         D．It’s never too late to be careful．

B

ANY VOLUNTEERS？

MORE WAYS TO GET INVOLVED WHILE HAVING GREAT FUN

60．All of the volunteers will      in the four activities．

A．teach young kids                 B．have a lot of fun

C．experience nature                D．beautify the environment

61．If you are short of money，which group would you like to join?

A．ENKOSINI ECO EXPERIENCES         B．EARTH WATCH INSTlTUTE

C．HABITAT NEW ORLEANS              D．GLOBAL VOLUNTEERS

62．According to the advertisement，which of the following is true?

A．You have to cook yourself in EARTH WATCH INSTITUTE．

B．You need to have experience to join HABITAT NEW ORLEANS．

C．You may learn to feed a baby in ENKOSINI ECO EXPERIENCES．

D．You have a chance to serve in a community in GLOBAL VOLUNTEERS．

C

In Britain and other countries，young people sometimes take a“gap year，”a year off between high school and college．This idea never gained a big following in America．Recent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing，though there are no official numbers．

Charles Deacon，Dean of Admissions at Georgetown University in Washington，D．C．，

estimates that in the current first-year class of 1600 students，only about 25 decided to take a year off．He says this number hasn’t changed much over the years．

Mr．Deacon says the most common reason for taking a“gap year”is to have a chance to travel，but he says international students may take a“gap year”to meet requirements at home for military duty．

Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education，but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests．Students hoping to be doctors，for example，could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital．

Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission. Experts say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at something they enjoy．

The Harvard admissions office has an essay on its Web site called“Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation”．It praises the idea of taking time off to step back，think and enjoy gaining life experiences outside the pressure of studies．It also notes that students are sometimes admitted to Harvard or other colleges partly because they did something unusual with that time．

Of course，a“gap year”is not for everyone．Students might miss their friends who go on directly to college，and parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off．Another concern is money．A year off，away from home，can be costly．

Holly Bull’s job is to specialize in helping students plan their“gap year”．She notes that several books have been written about this subject．She says these books along with media attention and the availability of information on the Internet have increased interest in the idea of a year off，and she points out that many gap-year programs cost far less than a year of college．

63．What is the passage mainly about?

A．More and more American students are choosing to take a year off．

B．If you want to go to an American university，take a“gap year”first．

C．It is likely that taking a“gap year”is becoming popular in America．

D．Americans hold different opinions towards students’taking a“gap year”．

64．How many reasons for students’taking a“gap year”are mentioned in the passage?

A．2．              B．3．              C．4．             D．5．

65．The essay“Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation”suggests that      ．

A．every student must take a“gap year” before applying for a famous university

B. some famous universities encourage students to gain more life experiences

C．taking a“gap year”can make students free from life learning

D．the stress of studies does harm to the students’health

66．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Books and media have contributed to the students’interest in school learning．

B．Charles Deacon doesn’t support the idea of the students’taking a“gap year”．

C．Parents might disagree with the program，concerned about their children’s future．

D．Experts agree taking a year off will benefit the students emotionally and physically．

D

I was working with a client who was completely burned out on her career and life and then ready for a career change．As we were talking，she said，“I just wish I had meaningful work．I don’t feel like I am making a difference．I am just wasting my life．”This is the theme I hear most often from clients who have been in the workforce awhile．All of us want to feel like we are making a difference．We want to believe our work means something．The problem comes in defining“meaningful work．”What is it? That answer is different for everyone．For some meaningful work might be helping others organize their office．For others it may mean making a million dollars．

What really matters is how you see it．What is meaningful work to you? Take out a piece of

paper and answer these questions．How do you define meaningful work? When do you feel like you are really making a difference? What work have you done so far that feels the most meaningful? Write down whatever comes to mind．

It is very easy to start judging yourself as being selfish. Stop！Allow yourself to be honest. The fact is when Picasso painted，he was doing it because he liked to paint. He was not thinking，“Oh，I hope this brings joy to others’lives.”He painted because he wanted to. When Beethoven composed, he did it because he loved music. Even scientists searching for a cure for cancer are immersed in their work because it fascinates them.

It is easy to downplay the importance of work that feels meaningful. I remember Tony Robbins told a story of talking with the owner of a major company. The man said to Tony．“I wish I could do what you do because it makes such a difference in people’s lives.”Tony said.“ You’ve got to be kidding! Look at what a difference you make. You provide work，health insurance and security for thousands of people!”Don’t underestimate the value you provide.

Take a look at what you have written about meaningful work. Do you see any themes? How do you wish to contribute to this world？Whatever you choose，remember that the greatest gift you can give is to find work that makes you feel fulfilled and joyful. Honor your preferences because giving your gifts to the world，whatever they look like，is the most meaningful action you can ever take.

67．Which should come first to see whether you are doing something meaningful?

    A．What is meaningful work to you?

    B．Where can you find meaningful work?

    C．How do you wish to contribute to the world?

    D．How can you make a difference in your work?

68．What does the writer mean by mentioning the famous people?

    A．Famous people are selfish to start work for themselves.

    B．Doing meaningful work requires our interest in it.

    C．Interest is the best teacher in learning.

    D．Honesty makes for the greatest people.

69．When you downplay the value of your work，you tend to think it is       .

  A．quite different                B．very successful

  C．not meaningful                 D．less important

70．According to the passage，what meaningful job does the writer advise us to take?

    A．The one which is popular in society.

    B．The one which brings you profits.

    C．The one which wins you fame.

    D．The one which interests you.

71．The article is intended to       .

A．explain the most important aspect in changing one’s career

B．a(chǎn)dvise taking a preferable action to find meaningful work

C．suggest we should show confidence and talent in work

D．show us how to give our greatest gift to society

E

Have you pulled your car up to the gas pump lately and been shocked by the high price of gas? As the pump clicked past $50，$60，$70 or even $80,maybe you

thought  about  trading  in  your car for something that gets better mileage．Or maybe you’re worried that your car is contributing to the greenhouse effect.

The car industry has the technology to address these concerns. It’s the hybrid car. There are a lot of hybrid models on the market these days，and most automobile manufacturers have announced plans to manufacture their own versions.

To be useful to you，a car must meet certain minimum requirements. The car should be able to drive at least 300 miles(482 km)between refueling，be refueled quickly and easily，and keep up with the other traffic on the road.

A gasoline car meets these requirements，but produces a relatively large amount of pollution and generally gets poor gas mileage. An electric car，however，produces almost no pollution，but it can only go 50 to 100 miles(80 to 161 km)between charges，and the problem has been that the electric car is very slow and inconvenient to recharge．

The hybrid is a compromise. It significantly increases the mileage and reduce the emissions of a gas-powered car while overcoming the shortcomings of an electric car．

Most hybrid cars on the road right now are gasoline-electric hybrids，although French car maker Citroen has two diesel-electric hybrid（柴油電動混合）cars in the works.

In fact，hybrid vehicles are all around us．For example，an electric bike is a type of hybrid because it combines the power of electricity with the pedal power of its rider. Most of the locomotives we see pulling trains are diesel-electric hybrids．Cities like Seattle have diesel-electric buses ― these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they are away from the wires. Submarines are also hybrid vehicles ― some are nuclear-electric and some are diesel-electric．Any vehicle that combines two or more sources of power that can directly or indirectly provide propulsion power is a hybrid．

72．From the passage，we know the hybrid cars can do the following EXCEPT            ．

    A．going 50 to 100 miles between charges

    B．recharging quickly and conveniently

    C．reducing environmental pollution

    D．driving farther between refueling

73．The writer didn’t directly tell us            in the passage．

    A．what the shortcomings of gasoline cars and electric ones are

    B．what solutions have been found to bring gas prices down

    C．what basic features people expect their cars to have

    D．what car drivers are concerned about today

74．What can be learned from the last paragraph?

    A．Developing hybrid vehicles is a new trend．

    B．Only modern cities can provide hybrid cars．

    C．A hybrid is more powerful and energy saving．

    D．What general characteristics a hybrid vehicle has．

75．What may be the best title for the passage?

    A．Hybrid Car ― Best Seller in the Car Market

    B．Hybrid Car ― Reputation in the Car Industry

    C．Hybrid Car ― A Better Choice for the Future

D．Hybrid Car ― A New Technical Invention

第Ⅱ卷(共35分)

第四部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，35分)

第一節(jié) 情景作文（20分）

某英文報以Learn to Manage on Our Own 為題向中學(xué)生征文，請根據(jù)下列圖片，講述上周你們的班主任生病期間你班同學(xué)的表現(xiàn)，寫一篇短文投稿。

注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于60。

2.短文內(nèi)容必須包括圖片所提供的主要信息（可適當(dāng)增加內(nèi)容）。

提示詞：流動紅旗：Weekly Model Class

Learn to Manage on Our Own

第二節(jié) 開放作文（15分）

請根據(jù)下面提示，寫一篇短文，詞數(shù)不少于50。

In your English class，you are given the following topic to discuss：If I Could Be Any Age，…Which age would you like to be and why？Please give at least two reasons and explain them.

If I Could Be Any Age，…

海淀區(qū)高三年級第一學(xué)期期末練習(xí)

英   語

試題詳情

海淀區(qū)高三年級第一學(xué)期期末練習(xí)

語文

第Ⅰ卷(選擇題，共30分)

試題詳情

2008年福州市高三第二次質(zhì)檢

數(shù)學(xué)(理科)試卷

(考試時間：120分鐘；滿分150分)

注意事項：

1.本科考試分試題卷和答題卷，考生須在答題卷上作答，答題前，請在答題卷的密封線內(nèi)填寫學(xué)校、班級、學(xué)號、姓名；

2.本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分，全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘.

參考公式：

如果事件A、B互斥，那么P（A＋B）＝P（A）＋P（B）．

如果事件A、B相互獨立，那么P（A?B）＝P（A）?P（B）．

如果事件A在一次試驗中發(fā)生的概率是，那么它在n次獨立重復(fù)試驗中恰好發(fā)生k次的概率.

球的表面積公式,其中R表示球的半徑.

球的表體積公式,其中R表示球的半徑.

第Ⅰ卷 （選擇題  共60分）

一.選擇題（本大題共12小題，每小題5分，共60分. 在每小題所給的四個答案中有且只有一個答案是正確的）

1．若為實數(shù)，則復(fù)數(shù)有可能等于（　�。�.

A．     B．       C．        D．

2．已知集合，，則（    ）.

A．           　B．           　C．            　D．

3.  函數(shù)的反函數(shù)是（　�。�.

A．                B．

C．                D．

4. 直角坐標(biāo)系中，，若三角形是直角三角形，則的可能值的個數(shù)是（　�。�

    Ａ．1             Ｂ．2             Ｃ．3             Ｄ．4

5. 不等式的解集為，則函數(shù)的圖象大致為（   ）

          A                                 B                         C                              D

6. 已知首項為正數(shù)的等差數(shù)列滿足: ,,則使其前

n項和成立的最大自然數(shù)n是（　�。�.

    A. 4017        B.4014       C. 4016          D.4018

7. 已知a,b,c為三條不同的直線，且a平面M，b平面N，M∩N =c ．①若a不垂直于c，則a與b一定不垂直；②若a//b，則必有a//c；③若a⊥b，a⊥c則必有M⊥N以上的命題中正確的是（    ）

    A．①             B．②             C．③             D．②③

8. 如果把圓C:x²+y²=1沿向量a=(1,m)平移到,且與直線3x-4y=0相切,則m的值為（    ）

A.2或-      B.2或        C.-2或        D.-2或-

9. 某電視臺連續(xù)播放5個廣告，其中有3個不同的商業(yè)廣告和2個不同的奧運宣傳廣告，要求最后播放的必須是奧運宣傳廣告，且2個奧運宣傳廣告不能連續(xù)播放，則不同的播放方式有           

A．120種        B．48種           C．36種           D．18種

10．已知函數(shù)在區(qū)間上至少取得2次最大值，則正整數(shù)的最小值是（    ）

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