【題目】要建造一個容積為1600立方米,深為4米的長方體無蓋蓄水池,池壁的造價為每平方米200元,池底的造價為每平方米100元.

(1)把總造價y元表示為池底的一邊長x米的函數(shù);

(2)由于場地原因,蓄水池的一邊長不能超過20米,問蓄水池的這個底邊長為多少時總造價最低?總造價最低是多少?

【答案】見解析

【解析】(1)由已知得池底的面積為(平方米),底面的另一邊長為米,則池壁的面積為2×4×(x+)平方米.

所以y=1600(x+)+40000,

(2)由(1)知y=1600(x+)+40000(0<x≤20),

設(shè)0<x1<x2≤20,則

y1-y21600(x1)-1600(x2

0<x1<x2≤20,x1-x2<0,1-<0,得y1-y2>0,即y1>y2.

從而這個函數(shù)在(0,20]上是減函數(shù),故當(dāng)x=20時,ymin104000.

故當(dāng)池底是邊長為20米的正方形時,總造價最低,為104000元.

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