Ever since man began to use the telephone, there have been new problems arising from the carrying of messages. At first, each message was carried by a pair of overhead wires. As a result, telephone exchanges were soon surrounded by thousands of wires. The wires were then replaced by cables (電纜)，each containing many pairs of wires. Each cable is capable of carrying many messages. These cables, laid underground, replaced the overhead wires.
The more extensive telephone services have become, the more demand for these services has increased, particularly the demand for long-distance services. In China, for example, this growth is now over 30% every year. Long-distance telephone exchanges are usually in crowded cities, where is not easy to lay new labels for expanding services.
The use of radio to send telephone message and to link all telephone exchanges makes it possible to get rid of overhead wires and some underground cables.
Now man has invented the microwave system ( 微波系統(tǒng) ). In a microwave system messages from various places can be brought together, and then they are sent out and received by radio. After that, the messages are split into their original form. Finally, they are sent to the places where they are going to be sent.
小題1:The word “message” ( in paragraph 1) is close in meaning to “______”.
A．electricityB．industryC．informationD．wave
小題2:A cable is different from an overhead wire, because it ________.
A．is made of wood
B．needs more exchange
C．carries more messages
D．is much longer
小題3:What does the word extensive mean？
A．growingB．usingC．holdingD．understanding
小題4:The best title for the passage would be “________”.
A．The Telephone and Its Past
B．From the Wire to the Microwave System
C．The Needs for Better Telephones
D．How to Use the Telephone

小題1:C
小題2:C
小題3:A
小題4:B

試題分析：這篇文章是介紹信息的傳送媒介，從電線發(fā)展到微波系統(tǒng)的過(guò)程和優(yōu)勢(shì)。
小題1:猜詞題：從第一段的句子：Ever since man began to use the telephone, there have been new problems arising from the carrying of messages.可知是運(yùn)送信息的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)了困難。選C
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：The wires were then replaced by cables (電纜)，each containing many pairs of wires. Each cable is capable of carrying many messages.可知電纜比電線攜帶的信息多。選C
小題3:猜詞題：從第二段的句子：the more demand for these services has increased, particularly the demand for long-distance services.可知這里是“增長(zhǎng)”的含義。選A
小題4:主旨題：從全篇文章可知：這篇文章是介紹信息的傳送媒介，從電線發(fā)展到微波系統(tǒng)，選B
點(diǎn)評(píng)：這篇文章是介紹信息的傳送媒介，從電線發(fā)展到微波系統(tǒng)的過(guò)程和優(yōu)勢(shì)。題目對(duì)猜詞的技能要求較高，考生可以對(duì)原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行替換。把原文中的一些詞換成意義相近的詞，成為正確選項(xiàng)。詞性或者語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性，或者改變?cè)木渥拥恼Z(yǔ)態(tài)，給考生制造障礙。語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)化。把原文中的復(fù)雜語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化，成為正確答案。
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Almost everyone wants to get smarter. We struggle to improve our  36_ , intelligence and attention. We drink cup after cup of coffee to help us  37_  the day.
 38 __, a new study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science warns that there are 39___ to how smart humans can get.
Each of our body parts develops in a certain way for a reason.  40  _, we are not 3 meters tall  41 _ most people’s hearts are not strong enough to send  42 _  up that high. Scientists say that our thinking ability works in the same way. A baby’s brain size is limited by a series of __43  , such as the size of the mother’s pelvis (骨盆). If our brains developed to be bigger, there could be more  44  during childbirth.
The study of Jews, who have an average IQ much _ 45_  than other Europeans, showed they were more  _46_  to develop diseases of the  _47_  system. This might be because of their increased brainpower.
If intelligence cannot be improved, can we at least get better at _ 48 _ ? Not really, say scientists. They studied  _49_  like caffeine (咖啡因)that improve attention. They found the drugs only helped people with serious  50 _ problems. For those who did not have trouble paying attention, the drugs could have the  51 _ effect. Scientists say that this suggests there is a(n)  52 limit to how much people can or should concentrate.
Our memory is also a “double-edged sword”. People with extremely good memories could  53__ having a difficult life because they cannot  _54 bad things that happen to them.
Thomas Hills, one of the authors of the paper, said that   55  all the problems in trying to get smarter, it’s unlikely that there will ever be a “super mind”.
小題1:
A．a(chǎn)bilityB．characterC．memoryD．emotion
小題2:
A．go throughB．put throughC．get throughD．carry through
小題3:
A．ThoughB．ThereforeC．HoweverD．Meanwhile
小題4:
A．standardsB．measuresC．rangesD．limits
小題5:
A．At firstB．In additionC．For exampleD．Above all
小題6:
A．untilB．becauseC．beforeD．so that
小題7:
A．blood B．informationC．breathD．strength
小題8:
A．factors B．reasonsC．a(chǎn)spectsD．effects
小題9:
A．chancesB．deaths C．choicesD．lives
小題10:
A．smarterB．betterC．lowerD．higher
小題11:
A．likelyB．possibleC．probableD．sure
小題12:
A．physicalB．bodilyC．personalD．nervous
小題13:
A．exercisingB．concentrating C．memorizingD．thinking
小題14:
A．poisonsB．drinks C．plants D．drugs
小題15:
A．a(chǎn)ttentionB．familyC．healthD．living
小題16:
A．sameB．opposite C．differentD．similar
小題17:
A．lowerB．smallerC．upper D．higher
小題18:
A．end up B．make upC．start upD．come up
小題19:
A．forgetB．rememberC．performD．share
小題20:
A．supposingB．concerningC．consideringD．regarding

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Rene Descartes’ explanation of pain has long been acknowledged in medicine. He proposed that pain is a purely physical phenomenon – that tissue injury makes specific nerves send a signal to the brain, causing the mind to notice pain. The phenomenon, he said, is like pulling on a rope to ring a bell in the brain. It is hard to overstate how deeply fixed this account has become. In medicine, doctors see pain in Descartes’ terms— as a physical process, a sign of tissue injury.
The limitations of this explanation, however, have been apparent for some time, since people with obvious injuries sometimes report feeling no pain at all. Later, researchers proposed that Descartes’ model be replaced with what they called the gate control theory of pain. They argued that before pain signals reach the brain, they must first go through a gating mechanism in the spinal cord(脊髓). In some cases, this imaginary gate could simply stop pain signals from getting to the brain.
Their most amazing suggestion was that what controlled the gate was not just signals from sensory nerves but also emotions and other “output” from the brain. They were saying that pulling on the rope need not make the bell ring. The bell itself—the mind— could stop it. This theory led to a great deal of research into how such factors as mood, gender, and beliefs influence the experience of pain. In a British study, for example, researchers measured pain threshold and tolerance levels in 53 ballet dancers and 53 university students by using a common measurement: after immersing your hand in body-temperature water for two minutes to establish a baseline condition, you put your hand in a bowl of ice water and start a clock running. You mark the time when it begins to hurt: that is your pain threshold. Then you mark the time when it hurts too much to keep your hand in the water: that is your pain tolerance. The test is always stopped at 120 seconds, to prevent injury.
The results were striking. On average female students reported pain at 16 seconds and pulled their hands out of the ice water at 37 seconds. Female dancers were almost three times as long on both counts. Men in both groups had a higher threshold and tolerance for pain, but the difference between male dancers and male nondancers was nearly as large. What explains that difference? Probably it has something to do with the psychology of ballet dancers—a group known for self-discipline, physical fitness, and competitiveness, as well as by a high rate of chronic(慢性) injury. Their driven personalities and competitive culture evidently accustom them to pain. Other studies along these lines have shown that outgoing people have greater pain tolerance and that, with training, one can reduce one’s sensitivity to pain.
There is also striking evidence that very simple kinds of mental suggestion can have powerful effects on pain. In one study of 500 patients undergoing dental procedures, those who were given a placebo(安慰劑) injection and promised that it would relieve their pain had the least discomfort— not only less than the patients who got a placebo and were told nothing but also less than the patients who got actual drug without any promise that it would work.
Today it is abundantly evident that the brain is actively involved in the experience of pain and is no more bell on a string. Today every medical textbook teaches the gate control theory as fact. There’s a problem with it, though. It explains people who have injuries but feel no pain, but it doesn’t explain the reverse, which is far more common— the millions of people who experience chronic pain, such as back pain, with no signs of injury whatsoever. So where does the pain come from? The rope and clapper are gone, but the bell is still ringing.
小題1:The primary purpose of the passage is to               .
A．describe how modern research has updated an old explanation
B．support a traditional view with new data
C．promote a particular attitude towards physical experience
D．suggest a creative treatment for a medical condition
小題2:Which statement best describes Descartes theory of pain presented in paragraph 1?
A．The brain can shut pain off at will.
B．The brain plays no part in the body’s experience of pain.
C．Pain can be caused in many different ways.
D．Pain is an automatic response to bodily injury.
小題3:The author implies that the reason why the gate control was “amazing” was that it        .
A．offered an extremely new and original explanation
B．was just opposite to people’s everyday experiences
C．was grounded in an ridiculous logic
D．was so sensible it should have been proposed centuries before
小題4:The author refers to “chronic back pain” as an example of something that is        .
A．costly, because it troubles millions of people
B．puzzling, because it sometimes has no obvious cause
C．disappointing, because it does not improve with treatment
D．worrying, because it lies beyond the reach of medicine
小題5:The last sentence of the passage serves mainly to express that         .
A．scientific judgments are difficult to understand
B．theoretical investigations are generally useless
C．researchers still have a long way to go before the puzzle is made clear
D．there is always something puzzling at the heart of science

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

To many web-building spiders, most of whom are nearly blind, the web is their essential window on the world: their means of communicating, capturing prey, meeting mates and protecting themselves. A web-building spider without its web is like a men cast away on an island of solid rock，totally out of touch and destined to starve to death. So important is the web to an orb-web spider's survival that the animal will continue to construct new webs daily even if it is being starved. For 16 days the starving spider builds completely normal webs. Then, as the animal gets scrawnier, it constructs a wider-meshed （網(wǎng)孔、網(wǎng)眼）web using fewer strands（線）. Such webs would only trap larger prey, which is more economical from the perspective of a starving spider. The spider stores energy by recycling web protein. It simply eats its own web each evening and reuses it to produce new silk. In studies with radioactivity, labeled materials, it was found that 95 percent of web protein reappears in the next day web. Most of the energy needed for web-building is used in walking over the strands as they are laid down. Scientists are impressed by the adaptability of the spider's highly preprogrammed brain, which is larger for its size than the brain of any other invertebrate（無(wú)脊推動(dòng)物）. If web-building is interrupted, or if some of the existing strands are destroyed, the spider simply goes back to see where the web is left off and then finishes building a normal web. One spider will finish building the incomplete web of another.
小題1:Which of the following best expresses the main ideas of the passage?
A．Secrets of Spiders' Adaptability
B．Importance of Webs to Spiders
C．Secrets of the Spiders' Life
D．Spiders' Highly Preprogrammed Brain
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Most spiders will stop conducting webs when hungry.
B．One Web-building spider usually conducts one web.
C．Web-building spiders will probably die without their webs.
D．Web-building spiders have good eyesight.
小題3:The underlined word “scrawnier” in the second paragraph probably means ______. 
A．weaker but good-looking
B．fatter and stronger
C．nice and healthier
D．thinner and bony
小題4:A spider's ability to finish an incomplete web proves that ______.
A．it has a highly preprogrammed brain
B．it reuses its web protein to reproduce new silk
C．the web is everything for a spider
D．it is able to rebuild a destroyed web

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling（叛逆）．I wish it were so．At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents．You should be learning to stand on your own feet．But take a good look at the present rebellion．It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents．Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(緊握）at one another's hands for reassurance．
They claim they want to dress as they please．But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off in new directions in music．But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together．Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it．They have come out of their cocoon（繭） into a larger cocoon．
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way．Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market．These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be． 
And many of today's parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children．All this adds to a great barrier(障礙） for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path．
But the barrier is worth climbing over．The path is worth following, You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party．You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records．You may have some thoughts 'that you don't care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it．Find yourself．Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are．That is the only kind of popularity that really counts．
小題1:In this passage, the author wants to tell         .
A．teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves
B．readers how to be popular with people around
C．parents how to control and guide their children
D．people how to understand and respect each other
小題2:According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact, most of them            ．
A．have much difficulty understanding each other
B．lack confidence
C．dare not cope with （處理） problems single-handed
D．a(chǎn)re much afraid of getting lost
小題3:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．There is no popularity that really counts．
B．What many parents are doing is helping their children find their own paths．
C．It is bad for a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates．
D．Most teenagers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same．
小題4:What does the author think of advertisements?
A．Convincing．B．Influential.
C．Instructive．D．Authoritative（權(quán)威的）．
小題5:During the teenage years, one should learn to       .
A．differ from others in as many ways as possible
B．get into the right reason and become popular
C．find one's real self
D．rebel against parents and the popularity wave

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Teenagers at one German school are learning how to achieve happiness alongside other traditional   35  such as maths and languages.
The class sits in a circle with their eyes shut and they count from one to ten: someone starts, the   36  voice comes from the far right, a third from the other side.
The aim of the game is to   37  for an opportunity to shout out the   38  without clashing (相撞) with another voice or leaving a pause. On the first try,  39  of the young Germans try to be first, while a few are too shy to join in. But by the fifth   40  , they develop a rhythm (節(jié)奏) . The message gives other people space but also claims your own. This is a requirement for social well-being.
Unlike schools in other nations, German schools do not usually have school sports teams or seek to build school spirit. Many teens admit they are   41  and confused, but school is not usually the place to find relief.
The Willy Hellpach School in Heidelberg is the first in the nation to develop a happiness   42  It is   43  for 17-19years old students to prepare for university entrance exams. "The course isn't there to make you happy," Ernst Fritz-Schubert, the school principal, warned pupils, "   44  rather to help you discover the ways to become happy. "
Cooking a meal together will be one of the class   45  , along with improving body language under the   46  of two professional actresses.
The course is taught for three periods a week. Despite the happy subject, the pupils themselves insist it is no laughing matter.
"In the first period, we had to each say something   47  about another member of the class and about ourselves. No laughing at people or teasing," said Fanny, 17.
The message is that self-esteem (自尊) improves   48  too.
Research by the school shows it is not the first to start happiness classes and they also exist at some US universities, but are mainly based on positive thinking, using   49  from studies of depression.
"That would be too one-sided for us. We want to show how decent (好的) food or exercise can help too," the principal said.
小題1:
A．subjectsB．objectsC．customsD．habits
小題2:
A．sweetB．nextC．lastD．loud
小題3:
A．lookB．seeC．findD．listen
小題4:
A．nameB．personC．numberD．treasure
小題5:
A．a(chǎn)llB．fewC．mostD．none
小題6:
A．roundB．limitC．sheetD．zone
小題7:
A．happyB．lonelyC．curiousD．pleased
小題8:
A．movementB．classC．courseD．a(chǎn)pproach
小題9:
A．intendedB．madeC．managedD．a(chǎn)pplied
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)ndB．butC．soD．or
小題11:
A．testsB．examsC．exercisesD．homework
小題12:
A．guidanceB．lookoutC．permissionD．cooperation
小題13:
A．backwardB．positiveC．negativeD．rude
小題14:
A．a(chǎn)tmosphereB．a(chǎn)chievementC．happinessD．score
小題15:
A．inspectionsB．instructionsC．motivesD．findings

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Here is an astonishing and signficant fact:Mental work alone can’t make us tired. It sounds absurd. But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue(疲勞). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered thett blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day labourer, we could find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素) and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxing at the end of the day.
So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours f efforts as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired.
Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue come from our mental and emotional(情感的) attitudes. One of England’s most outstanding scientists. J. A. Hadfield,says,“The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact,fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares,“One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”
What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired?Joy?Satifaction?No!A feeling of being bored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,a feeling of nt being appreciated---those are emotions that tire sitting workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.
小題1:What surprised the scientists a few years ago?
A．Fatigue toxinscould hardly be found in a labour’s blood.
B．Albert Eistein didn’t feel worn out after a day’s work.
C．The brain could wrk for many hours without fatigue.
D．A mental worker’s blood was filled with fatigue toxins.
小題2:According to the authour,which of the following can make sitting worker tired？
A．Challenge mental work.
B．Unpleasant emotions.
C．Endless tasks.
D．Physical labor.
小題3:What’s the authour’s attitude towards the scientists’ ideas?
A．He agrees with them.
B．He doubts them
C．He argues against them.
D．He hesitates to accept them.
小題4:We can infer from the passage that in order to stay energic, sitting workers need to ______.
A．have some good blood
B．enjoy their work
C．exercise regularly
D．discover fatigue toxin

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable（可持續(xù)的）ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.
Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil, which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.
Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions（排放）and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.
The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.
小題1:The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that _________.
A．it consumes natural resources
B．it makes the world warmer
C．it brings severe damage to forests
D．it makes growth hard to continue
小題2: What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A．China lacks wind and solar energy.
B．China is the leader of the low-carbon market.
C．Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.
D．High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.
小題3:To fully develop the low-carbon markets, governments can ________.
A．cut public expenses B．encourage energy conservation
C．develop public resourcesD．forbid carbon emission
小題4:What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To advocate sustainable development.B．To compare two business models.
C．To predict a change of the global market.D．To introduce a new business model.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Is language, like food, a basic human need? Judging from the extreme experiment of Frederick in the 13th century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue he told the nurses to keep silent.
All the babies died before the first year. But clearly there was more than language deprivation (剝奪，喪失). What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the ability to survive is seriously affected.
Today no such extreme deprivation exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to signals of the baby, whose brain is programmed, to mop up language rapidly. There are critical times, it seems when children learn more rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again.
Linguists suggest that speech milestones are reached in a fixed order and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.
Recent evidence suggests that a baby is born with the ability to speak. What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a teddy bear with the sound pattern “teddy bear”.
But speech has to be developed, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child’s babbling, clinging, grasping, crying, smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals reduces the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child’s nonverbal (非語(yǔ)言的) signals is basic to the growth and development of language.
小題1:Frederick’s experiment was extreme because _________.
A．he wanted to prove children are born with ability to speak
B．he wanted his nurses to say another language
C．he was unkind to the nurses
D．he ignored the importance of mothering to the babies
小題2:The reason that some children are backward in speaking is most likely that _________.
A．they do not listen carefully to their mothers
B．their mothers do not respond to their attempts to speak
C．their brain has to absorb too much language at once
D．their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them
小題3:In paragraph 3, by “critical times” the author means _________.
A．difficult periods in the child’s life
B．moments when the child becomes critical towards its mother
C．important stages in the child’s development
D．times when mothers often neglect their children
小題4:If a child starts to speak later than others, he will _________ in future.
A．have a high IQB．be less intelligent
C．not necessarily be backwardD．be insensitive to verbal signals
小題5:If the mother seldom responds to her child’s signals, _________.
A．the child will be able to speak properly
B．the child will continue to give out signals
C．the child will invent a language of own
D．the child will make little effort to speak

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案