從題中所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
People often fall ill because of me. 36 , they can hardly blame me; it is largely their own 37  . A tired person may get 38  , especially when he goes to crowded places with polluted air. A sudden change in 39  is another factor. In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home. They will catch a cold easily.
My latest victim is an energetic student. After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though 40 , he still went to the cinema .Then he got back home and took a cold shower immediately.
I seized this golden chance to 41  him .He reacted, trying to 42  me , but I was already 43  deep in his throat. He kept sneezing（打噴嚏） and his nose was running. 44  he put on some warm clothes, it didn’t work, for there were too many of us. Besides, his sore throat kept 45  him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but   46  .
The next day he couldn’t go to 47 . He had lost his appetite and was not as 48  as before. His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C, which would help his 49
For two days he was   50  by his mother. As he rested more, his defense strengthened and I began to feel the   51 . I knew I had to   52  him before long. But I am not the one who gives up easily, and I made every effort to fight back. 53 , it was my turn to feel   54 now, for his defense system was starting an all-out attack against me. I became  55  and finally my time was over.
Do you know what I am?
小題1:
A．ThereforeB．BesidesC．HoweverD．Then
小題2:
A．businessB．responsibilityC．excuseD．fault
小題3:
A．punishedB．blamedC．caughtD．killed
小題4:
A．temperatureB．seasonC．placeD．condition
小題5:
A．excitedB．hurtC．lateD．tired
小題6:
A．injureB．botherC．a(chǎn)ttackD．destroy
小題7:
A．get on withB．get rid ofC．put up withD．take hold of
小題8:
A．reproducingB．waitingC．hidingD．disappearing
小題9:
A．SinceB．OnceC．WhetherD．Although
小題10:
A．remindingB．upsettingC．comfortingD．Influencing
小題11:
A．escapedB．succeededC．regrettedD．failed
小題12:
A．bedB．workC．schoolD．hospital
小題13:
A．peacefulB．a(chǎn)fraidC．a(chǎn)ctiveD．happy
小題14:
A．recoveryB．developmentC．studyD．a(chǎn)ffected
小題15:
A．protectedB．nursedC．scoldedD．a(chǎn)ffected
小題16:
A．lossB．operationC．pressureD．movement
小題17:
A．leaveB．catchC．forgetD．beat
小題18:
A．UncertainlyB．UnfairlyC．UnusuallyD．Unfortunately
小題19:
A．painfulB．tiredC．nervousD．a(chǎn)shamed
小題20:
A．biggerB．weakerC．smallerD．stronger

小題1:C
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:A
小題5:D
小題6:C
小題7:B
小題8:A
小題9:D
小題10:B
小題11:D
小題12:C
小題13:C
小題14:A
小題15:B
小題16:C
小題17:A
小題18:D
小題19:A
小題20:B

試題分析：本文使用了擬人的手法，從第一人稱“我”的角度講述了人體感冒的起因以及發(fā)病過程等。從文中講述的事例可以看出，人體感冒大多數(shù)情況下是由于自身不正確的做法所造成的，所以為了健康我們必須養(yǎng)成好的生活習(xí)慣。
小題1:C副詞辨析。A 因此；B此外；C 然而；D然后。上句講人因“我”而病，下句說人們卻不怪“我”，很顯然此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故C選項(xiàng)正確。人們經(jīng)常因?yàn)槲叶。呛苌儇?zé)怪我。
小題2:D名詞辨析。A 生意；B 責(zé)任；C借口；D過錯(cuò)。由于人們生活中錯(cuò)誤的做法導(dǎo)致生病感冒，是他們自身的過錯(cuò)、過失，所以此處填fault，正確選項(xiàng)為D。那很大程度上是他們自己的過錯(cuò)。
小題3:C動(dòng)詞辨析。A懲罰；B責(zé)備；C 逮��；染疾D 殺死。從上下文可知此處指人們得病，所以是受到疾病的侵襲，C選項(xiàng)正確。
小題4:A名詞辨析。A 溫度；B 季節(jié)；C 地方；D 狀況，條件。從下文敘述In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home.可知此處指的是溫度的變化。
小題5:D形容詞辨析。A 激動(dòng)的，興奮的；B 受傷的；C 遲到的；D 疲憊的。上句講he played football hard for two hours，由情理可知賣力氣得踢2個(gè)小時(shí)的足球肯定是感到累，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。
小題6:C動(dòng)詞辨析。A使。。。受傷；B 麻煩；C 攻擊；襲擊D 毀滅。從上下文可知此處指病毒趁機(jī)侵襲人體，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。
小題7:B短語辨析。A 與。。。相處；B 除掉；C 忍受；D 抓住。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，人們患病后人體會(huì)自動(dòng)產(chǎn)生抗體來抵制病毒，所以正確選項(xiàng)為B。
小題8:A動(dòng)詞辨析。A 繁殖；B 等待；C 隱藏；D 消失。下文講孩子的病癥加重了，由此可知是病毒迅速繁殖導(dǎo)致的，故A選項(xiàng)正確。
小題9:D連詞辨析。A 既然，自從；B 一旦；C 是否，無論；D 盡管。從下文it didn’t work,判斷此處應(yīng)該是表示前后轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，所以D為正確選項(xiàng)。句意：盡管他穿上暖和的衣服也不起作用了，因?yàn)轶w內(nèi)病毒太多了。
小題10:B動(dòng)詞辨析。A 提醒；B 困擾；使人心煩意亂；C 安慰；D 影響。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知人體感冒后嗓子疼是讓人煩，使人不舒服的事情，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。
小題11:D動(dòng)詞辨析。A 逃避，逃脫；B 成功；C 后悔；D 失敗。下文敘述孩子的病情加重了，沒了食欲，由此可知咳嗽等人體的正常反應(yīng)沒起作用。所以D選項(xiàng)正確。
小題12:C名詞辨析。A 床；B 工作；C 學(xué)校；D 醫(yī)院。從上文After school,判斷應(yīng)該是病厲害了不能上學(xué)。C為正確選項(xiàng)。
小題13:C形容詞辨析。A 和平的；B 害怕的；C 積極的；D 高興地。從常識(shí)可知人感冒后不愿活動(dòng)，而且上文講孩子沒感冒前踢足球，所以此處選C選項(xiàng)。意思是孩子失去食欲，不如以前活躍了。
小題14:A名詞辨析。A 恢復(fù)；B 發(fā)展；C 學(xué)習(xí)；D 影響。Vc是增強(qiáng)人體免疫力的，從常識(shí)可知服用Vc是為了人體病后盡快康復(fù)，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。
小題15:B動(dòng)詞辨析。A 保護(hù)；B 護(hù)理；C 責(zé)備；D 影響。從情理可知孩子生病后母親應(yīng)該是精心護(hù)理，所以B選項(xiàng)正確，母親兩天來精心照料他。
小題16:C名詞辨析。A 損失；B 手術(shù)；C 壓力；D 運(yùn)動(dòng)。上句講人體的免疫力增強(qiáng)了，對(duì)病毒的抵抗力也增強(qiáng)了，所以病毒感到的是生存的壓力，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。
小題17:A動(dòng)詞辨析。A 離開；B捉��；C 忘記；D 打，擊。從常識(shí)可知人體免疫力增強(qiáng)后，病就慢慢好了，所以病毒也就消失了。故此處用leave ，答案選A。
小題18:D副詞辨析。A不確定地；B 不公平地；C 不尋常地；D不幸地。從上下文語境可知“我”這個(gè)病毒戰(zhàn)敗了，對(duì)病毒來說是不幸的，所以填D，
小題19:A形容詞辨析。A痛苦的；B 疲憊的；C 緊張的；D 感到羞愧的。從語境it was my turn 判斷以前感冒時(shí)候孩子感到難受，現(xiàn)在是輪到“我”痛苦了，故A選項(xiàng)正確。
小題20:B形容詞辨析。A更大；B 更弱；C 更��；D 更強(qiáng)壯。從上文可知人體免疫力發(fā)起全面進(jìn)攻，抵制病毒，所以此處是病毒力量減弱，故B為正確選項(xiàng)。
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 38 __, a new study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science warns that there are 39___ to how smart humans can get.
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小題1:
A．a(chǎn)bilityB．characterC．memoryD．emotion
小題2:
A．go throughB．put throughC．get throughD．carry through
小題3:
A．ThoughB．ThereforeC．HoweverD．Meanwhile
小題4:
A．standardsB．measuresC．rangesD．limits
小題5:
A．At firstB．In additionC．For exampleD．Above all
小題6:
A．untilB．becauseC．beforeD．so that
小題7:
A．blood B．informationC．breathD．strength
小題8:
A．factors B．reasonsC．a(chǎn)spectsD．effects
小題9:
A．chancesB．deaths C．choicesD．lives
小題10:
A．smarterB．betterC．lowerD．higher
小題11:
A．likelyB．possibleC．probableD．sure
小題12:
A．physicalB．bodilyC．personalD．nervous
小題13:
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小題14:
A．poisonsB．drinks C．plants D．drugs
小題15:
A．a(chǎn)ttentionB．familyC．healthD．living
小題16:
A．sameB．opposite C．differentD．similar
小題17:
A．lowerB．smallerC．upper D．higher
小題18:
A．end up B．make upC．start upD．come up
小題19:
A．forgetB．rememberC．performD．share
小題20:
A．supposingB．concerningC．consideringD．regarding

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小題1:This passage is mainly about          .
A．the horrors of the octopus
B．the largest octopus in the world
C．octopi and their behavior
D．the octopus’s deadly hunting method
小題2:It is implied but not stated in the passage that          .
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What’s the difference between the British Isles, Britain, the United Kingdom and England?
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A．The British IlesB．Great Britain
C．EnglandD．The United Kingdom
小題2: Which is the largest island of the British Isles?.
A．IrelandB．Britain
C．EnglandD．Northern Ireland
小題3:The United Kingdom is mainly made up of          .
A．3 parts: Scotland, Wales, and England
B．4 parts: Scotland, Wales, England and Ireland
C．2 parts: the whole of Britain and Ireland
D．2 parts: the whole of Britain and Northern Ireland
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As most university students are packing their bags，boarding trains or flying home for the Spring Festival，some will stay behind to spend the holiday on campus．
Zhou Yunyun，22，a senior finance major at Jilin University，has decided that instead of traveling to Hainan province，he will kill the time by playing computer games with his online friends．
“I'm used to chatting and playing with them every day．It’s just fun to make friends this way，”he said．“When I returned home in past years，my relatives always asked me a lot of questions about my plans after graduation．They had high expectations of me，which made me feel stressed，” said Zhou．
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Society has promoted a kind of“couch potato" or close-in culture among some young people, according to Shi Tongyu, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He warned that this kind of lifestyle can damage students’ mental and physical development.
“When you constantly stare at a computer screen and type on your keyboard，you gradually lose the ability to socialize and survive normally，"said Shi．“A human’s most important task is to survive，which cannot be completed by staying at home all the time． Instead，it must be achieved through real life experience and communication．”
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B．He will promote close-in culture．
C．He will spend the Spring Festival with relatives．
D．He will spend the Spring Festival with on-line friends．
小題2:Spending the Spring Festival on campus for Jia Debao means         .
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B．there will be more seats in classrooms
C．he will have a quiet and peaceful break
D．the speed of the Internet will get faster
小題3:The underlined phrase“couch potato” is closest in meaning to        .
A．inactive personB．close friend
C．sociable studentD．a(chǎn)ddicted gamer
小題4:What do education experts recommend students to do?
A．To do some traveling．
B．To stay more with families．
C．To find empty seats in classrooms．
D．To experience real lire and communication．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Rene Descartes’ explanation of pain has long been acknowledged in medicine. He proposed that pain is a purely physical phenomenon – that tissue injury makes specific nerves send a signal to the brain, causing the mind to notice pain. The phenomenon, he said, is like pulling on a rope to ring a bell in the brain. It is hard to overstate how deeply fixed this account has become. In medicine, doctors see pain in Descartes’ terms— as a physical process, a sign of tissue injury.
The limitations of this explanation, however, have been apparent for some time, since people with obvious injuries sometimes report feeling no pain at all. Later, researchers proposed that Descartes’ model be replaced with what they called the gate control theory of pain. They argued that before pain signals reach the brain, they must first go through a gating mechanism in the spinal cord(脊髓). In some cases, this imaginary gate could simply stop pain signals from getting to the brain.
Their most amazing suggestion was that what controlled the gate was not just signals from sensory nerves but also emotions and other “output” from the brain. They were saying that pulling on the rope need not make the bell ring. The bell itself—the mind— could stop it. This theory led to a great deal of research into how such factors as mood, gender, and beliefs influence the experience of pain. In a British study, for example, researchers measured pain threshold and tolerance levels in 53 ballet dancers and 53 university students by using a common measurement: after immersing your hand in body-temperature water for two minutes to establish a baseline condition, you put your hand in a bowl of ice water and start a clock running. You mark the time when it begins to hurt: that is your pain threshold. Then you mark the time when it hurts too much to keep your hand in the water: that is your pain tolerance. The test is always stopped at 120 seconds, to prevent injury.
The results were striking. On average female students reported pain at 16 seconds and pulled their hands out of the ice water at 37 seconds. Female dancers were almost three times as long on both counts. Men in both groups had a higher threshold and tolerance for pain, but the difference between male dancers and male nondancers was nearly as large. What explains that difference? Probably it has something to do with the psychology of ballet dancers—a group known for self-discipline, physical fitness, and competitiveness, as well as by a high rate of chronic(慢性) injury. Their driven personalities and competitive culture evidently accustom them to pain. Other studies along these lines have shown that outgoing people have greater pain tolerance and that, with training, one can reduce one’s sensitivity to pain.
There is also striking evidence that very simple kinds of mental suggestion can have powerful effects on pain. In one study of 500 patients undergoing dental procedures, those who were given a placebo(安慰劑) injection and promised that it would relieve their pain had the least discomfort— not only less than the patients who got a placebo and were told nothing but also less than the patients who got actual drug without any promise that it would work.
Today it is abundantly evident that the brain is actively involved in the experience of pain and is no more bell on a string. Today every medical textbook teaches the gate control theory as fact. There’s a problem with it, though. It explains people who have injuries but feel no pain, but it doesn’t explain the reverse, which is far more common— the millions of people who experience chronic pain, such as back pain, with no signs of injury whatsoever. So where does the pain come from? The rope and clapper are gone, but the bell is still ringing.
小題1:The primary purpose of the passage is to               .
A．describe how modern research has updated an old explanation
B．support a traditional view with new data
C．promote a particular attitude towards physical experience
D．suggest a creative treatment for a medical condition
小題2:Which statement best describes Descartes theory of pain presented in paragraph 1?
A．The brain can shut pain off at will.
B．The brain plays no part in the body’s experience of pain.
C．Pain can be caused in many different ways.
D．Pain is an automatic response to bodily injury.
小題3:The author implies that the reason why the gate control was “amazing” was that it        .
A．offered an extremely new and original explanation
B．was just opposite to people’s everyday experiences
C．was grounded in an ridiculous logic
D．was so sensible it should have been proposed centuries before
小題4:The author refers to “chronic back pain” as an example of something that is        .
A．costly, because it troubles millions of people
B．puzzling, because it sometimes has no obvious cause
C．disappointing, because it does not improve with treatment
D．worrying, because it lies beyond the reach of medicine
小題5:The last sentence of the passage serves mainly to express that         .
A．scientific judgments are difficult to understand
B．theoretical investigations are generally useless
C．researchers still have a long way to go before the puzzle is made clear
D．there is always something puzzling at the heart of science

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Frogs are animals that can live both in water and on land. There are more than 5,000 kinds of frogs on the earth. The earliest known frogs lived about 190 million years ago and the frogs today still look the same. Here are some fun things that you might not know about frogs. Enjoy!
The Biggest and the Smallest Frogs
Some frogs can be very big. The biggest kind of frog is the Goliath Frog in West Africa. Its body can be nearly 30cm long, about the size of a large cat. The Gold Frog and the Poison Frog are the smallest frogs in the world. They are less than 1cm long. Though the Poison Frog is very small, it is not weak at all. It is dangerous. Any animal that eats it will die very soon.
The Best Jumpers
Frogs are very good at jumping. They developed jumping legs so that they would not be eaten by other large animals. Using their big strong legs, more frogs can jump over 20 times their own length. It is like a person jumping over about 30,48. The Australian Rocket Frog can even jump over 2m, which is 50 times its body length(5.5cm). That might be the reason why frogs are called the best jumpers on the earth.
The Cryogenic Animal
Some frogs like the Common Wood Frog have a special ability to live in very cold places. When the temperature goes down, they become ice frogs. 2/3of their body water freezes. Their hearts stop, and their breathing stops too. You may think they are dead, but in fact they are not. Maybe we humans can learn the way that the frogs do for medical purpose.
小題1:The earliest frogs lived about ________ million years ago.
A．20B．30C．50D．190
小題2:The Gold Frog is one of the ________ frogs on the earth.
A．smallestB．biggestC．strongest D．weakest
小題3:________ can jump over 2m.
A．The Goliath FrogB．The Common Wood Frog
C．The Poison FrogD．The Australian Rocket Frog
小題4:What will happen to a Common Wood Frog at very low temperature?
A.It will die very soon.   B. It will be an ice frog.
B.It will become dangerous.   D. It will become very small

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When Scotsman Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, it was a revolution in communication． For the first time, people could talk to each other over great distances almost as clearly as if they were in the same room． Nowadays, though, we increasingly use Bell' s invention for taking photographs, accessing the internet, or watching video clips, rather than talking． Over the last two decades a new means of spoken communication has appeared: the mobile phone．
The first real mobile telephone call was made in 1973 by Dr Martin Cooper, the scientist who invented the modem mobile handset． Within a decade, mobile phones became available to the public． The streets of modem cities began to feature sharp-suited characters shouting into giant plastic bricks． In Britain the mobile phone quickly became the same with the "yuppie" , the new type of young urban professionals who carried the expensive handsets as status symbols． Around this time many of us said that we would never own a mobile phone．
But in the mid-90s, something happened． Cheaper handsets and cheaper calling rates meant that, almost overnight, it seemed that everyone had a mobile phone． And the giant plastic bricks of the 80s had changed into smooth little objects that fitted nicely into pockets and bags．
Moreover, people' s timekeeping changed． Younger readers will be amazed to know that, not long ago, people made spoken arrangements to meet at a certain place at a certain time． But later Meeting times became approximate under the new order of communication: the Short Message Service （SMS） or text message． Going to be late? Send a text message! It takes much less effort than arriving on time, and it' s much less awkward than explaining your lateness face to face and the text message has changed the way we write in English． Traditional rules of grammar and spelling are much less important when you' re sitting on the bus, hurriedly typing "Will B 15mm late - C U @ the bar． Sorry! - ）"．
Alexander Graham Bell would be amazed if he could see how far the science of telephony has progressed in less than 150 years．If he were around today, he might say "That' s gr8! But I' m v busy rite now．Will call U 2nite．"
小題1:What does the underlined part in Para． 2 refer to?
A．Houses of modern cities．B．Sharp-suited characters．
C．New type of professionals．D．Mobile phones．
小題2:According to Paragraph 4, why did Meeting times become approximate?
A．People were more likely to be late for their meeting．
B．SMS made it easier to inform each other．
C．Young people don' t like unchanging things．
D．Traditional customs were dying out．
小題3:If you want to meet your friend at the school gate this evening, which of the following message can you send him?
A．Call U@ SKUg8 2nite．B．IM2BZ2CU 2nite．
C．CU@ the bar g8 2nite．D．W84U@ SKUg8 2nite．
小題4:What does the passage mainly tell us about?
A．Alexander Graham' s invention．
B．SMS @ a new way of communication．
C．New functions of the mobile telephone．
D．The development of the mobile phone．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

An Ofsted (英國教育標(biāo)準(zhǔn)辦公室）study reports that teachers are discouraging students who want to leave school and work as apprentices (學(xué)徒）in beauty salons (美容中心）or hair dressers.
　　Inspectors questioned 105 young people for a report on apprenticeships published on Wednesday. They found several examples of young people who felt they had been laughed at by their teachers for wanting to progress to work-based learning, particularly in care or hairdressing, rather than stay on at school.
　　Right or wrong, is it any surprise that this is happening? From 2014，the government will measure schools according to the rate of their pupils who go to university. Brian Lightman , general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, says the government has already put teachers under “very great pressure to focus on academic subjects”
　　On the other hand, the Education Act 2011，which came into force in November, places schools under a duty to give fair career advice to pupils. This advice must include information on all post-16 education and training choices, including apprenticeships. This doesn’t appear to be happening in several schools, according to Ofsted9S report. Many of the young people the inspectors talked to said the advice they had received on apprenticeships was “unsatisfactory”.
　　Schools were also blamed for lack of work experience courses, which are particularly important for teenagers considering an apprenticeship. They help students decide whether they enjoy a line of work and enable employers to see whether those on work experience have the potential to be hired as apprentices in future years.
　　But there is a good reason why they can’t do this: they’d be unable to adapt to GCSE (英國齊通中等教育證書）exams if they did. Sometimes, it seems, schools just can’t win.
小題1:Why do teachers oppose the students’ leaving school and working as apprentices?
A．The government urges teachers to concentrate on academic subjects.
B．The students are only wasting time working as apprentices.
C．Employers are under great pressure of taking GCSE exams.
D．Employers don’t give students chances to work as apprentices
小題2:Pressure for schools to provide pupils with career advice comes from ______. 
A．Association of School and College Leaders
B．Education Act 2011
C．GCSE exams
D．OFSTED
小題3:The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 5 refers to _____.
A．schools
B．employers
C．work experience courses
D．teenagers considering an apprenticeship
小題4:What does the author think of teachers’ discouraging students working as apprentices?
A．SurprisingB．Understandable
C．WrongD．Right

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