The library is one of the most popular places at a western university.Students turn to it for research，conversations about class，and many other services.
Compared with Chinese libraries，college libraries in the US and UK tend to offer more resources.A postgraduate at Yale University can borrow as many as 225 books at a time.
In addition to borrowing books，there are online and electronic resources.These include a database search of popular and academic material，such as LexisNexis Academic，which offers items from newspapers and magazines.
Although books and articles are the items that students ask for most frequently，some libraries provide audio and video recordings，maps and sheet music(活頁樂譜)．At some schools，teachers and tutors put electronic copies of their teaching PPTs on the library web to give easier access for students.
Another useful service in western college libraries is the Interlibrary Loan.This allows a student at one school to borrow books from another school.The loan request is made through the student’s college library，which gets the book，gives it to the user，and arranges for its return.
Technology has brought more services to students and has made libraries attractive.Some universities have services for students to send messages through the computer or mobile texts to ask the library staff for information.
Earlier this year，Harvard University introduced a new Scan and Deliver service，allowing students to make requests for parts of books and articles.Requests made through the system are handled by library staff.The student receives an e­mail with an Internet link to the scanned pages.The service is free and all material comes within four days.
It used to be that libraries didn’t allow food or drinks.But that rule is changing and many of them now contain a café so students can spend as much time as they want in the library.
Actually，some US university libraries are now all­night affairs，or have at least one study room open all night.
小題1:In western college libraries a postgraduate can ________.
A．have a free drink or a meal
B．borrow as many books as they want
C．a(chǎn)sk questions and get answers from their tutors
D．a(chǎn)ccess not only books but other study resources
小題2:LexisNexis Academic is the name of a ________.
A．guideB．library
C．databaseD．university
小題3:Which of the following are mostly needed by students in western libraries?
A．Books and articles.
B．Audio and video recordings.
C．Maps and sheet music.
D．Tutors’ teaching PPTs.
小題4:Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Chinese library services are better than western ones.
B．Library staff play an important role in college library service.
C．Postgraduates can post their own PPTs on the library website.
D．24­hour services are adopted in all western libraries nowadays.

小題1:D
小題2:C
小題3:A
小題4:B

小題1:　D
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“In addition to borrowing books，there are online and electronic resources.”可知答案。
小題2:　C
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“These include a database search of popular and academic material，such as LexisNexis Academic，which offers items from newspapers and magazines.”可知，LexisNexis Academic是涵蓋了報紙和報刊資源的數(shù)據(jù)庫。
小題3:　A
解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段首句“Although books and articles are the items that students ask for most frequently...”可知答案為A項。
小題4:　B
解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的“...ask the library staff for information.”和倒數(shù)第三段哈佛大學(xué)推出的Scan and Deliver服務(wù)推斷，圖書管理員在大學(xué)圖書館服務(wù)中起著重要作用。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists in Israel have discovered a new way to test for water pollution by “l(fā)istening” to what the plants growing in water have to say.
By shining a laser beam (激光束) on the tiny pieces of algae floating in the water，the researchers said they hear sound waves that tell them the type and amount of contamination (致污物) in the water.
“It is a red light，telling us that something is beginning to go wrong with the quality of water，” said Zvy Dubinsky，an aquatic biologist at Israel’s Bar Ilan University.“Algae is the first thing to be affected by a change in water quality.”“The secret，” he said，“is to measure the rate of photosynthesis (光合作用) in the algae，meaning the plant’s ability to transform light into energy.” During photosynthesis，plants also release oxygen into the air.
Dubinsky’s technique is easy to perform because of the over­abundance of algae in the planet’s water.Most of the oxygen in the atmosphere comes from algae.A prototype tester that occupies about one square meter of a laboratory desktop，shoots a laser beam at water samples to stimulate photosynthesis in the algae.But not all of the laser’s heat is used.Depending on the condition of the algae and the rate of photosynthesis，some of the heat is shot back into the water，creating sound waves，Dubinsky said.With a special underwater microphone，researchers are able to analyze the strength of the sound waves and determine the health of the algae and the condition of the surrounding water.
“Algae suffering from lead poisoning，like waste discharged from battery and paint manufacturing plants，will produce a different sound than those suffering from lack of iron or exposure to other toxins，” said researcher Yulia Pinchasov.She said that testing algae photosynthesis can determine water quality more accurately and easily than labor­intensive methods now used like chemical and radioactive carbon testing.
小題1:The underlined word “algae” in Paragraph 2 probably refers to a kind of________.
A．instrumentB．plant
C．woodD．pollutant
小題2:Why is the algae tested?
A．Because it floats on the water.
B．Because it can have photosynthesis.
C．Because it is the first to be polluted.
D．Because it can produce different sounds.
小題3:We can infer from the passage that________.
A．a(chǎn)lgae can produce a loud sound when polluted
B．a(chǎn)lgae can die easily from pollution
C．photosynthesis of the algae can only be caused by sunlight
D．photosynthesis of the algae is related to water quality
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Scientists Listen to Plants to Find Water Pollution
B．A Prototype Tester Is Used to Determine Water Pollution
C．The Importance of Photosynthesis of the Algae
D．The Problem of Chemical and Radioactive Carbon Testing

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

LONDON—Here’s a new warning from health experts：Sitting is deadly.
Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for long periods—even if you also exercise regularly—could be bad for your health.And it doesn’t matter where the sitting takes place—at the office，at school，in the car or before a computer or TV—just the overall number of hours it occurs.Several studies suggest people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat，have a heart attack or even die.
In an editorial published this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine，Elin Ekblom­Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define physical activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.
While health officials have issued guidelines recommending minimum amounts of physical activity，they haven’t suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated position.
“After four hours of sitting，the body starts to send harmful signals，”said Ekblom­Bak.She explained that genes regulating(調(diào)節(jié)) the amount of glucose(葡萄糖) and fat in the body start to shut down.
Even for people who exercise，spending long periods of time sitting at a desk is still harmful.Tim Armstrong，a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization，said people who exercise every day—but still spend a lot of time sitting—might get more benefit if that exercise was spread across the day，rather than in a single bout(一回)．
Still，in a study published in 2009 that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years，researchers found people who sat more had a higher death risk，whether or not they exercised.
“We don’t have enough evidence yet to say how much sitting is bad，” said Peter Katzmarzyk of the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge，who led the Canadian study.“But it seems the more you can get up and interrupt this sedentary behavior，the better.”
Figures from a U．S. survey in 2003­2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting，from working at their desks to sitting in cars.
Experts said more research is needed to figure out just how much sitting is dangerous，and what might be possible to offset those effects.
“People should keep exercising because that has a lot of benefits，” Ekblom­Bak said.“But when they’re in the office，they should try to interrupt sitting as often as possible，” she said.
小題1:What is the best title for the text?
A．Not Sitting Too Much While Working
B．How to Avoid Sitting Too Much
C．Sitting Too Much Could Be Deadly
D．More and More People Sit Too Much
小題2:According to the research，________.
A．the more time you spend in exercising in a single bout(一回)，the healthier you will be
B．those who often sit too much are sure to grow fat or suffer from a heart attack
C．regular exercise is effective to get rid of the side effects of sitting too much
D．you had better not sit for more than four hours in a single bout
小題3:How does the danger of sitting too much affect the human body?
A．It results in a higher death risk.
B．It increases glucose and fat in the body.
C．It makes a person unable to exercise long enough in a day.
D．It causes the gene to fail to balance the glucose and fat in the body.
小題4:The underlined word “offset” in Paragraph 10 most probably means “________”．
A．improveB．a(chǎn)void
C．ignoreD．a(chǎn)chieve

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Nowadays robots can not only talk and dance，but also answer your questions in English.They are “____”．The following is the first China­made “beauty”____.
A new 168­cm high “beauty” robot who has not yet been____looks wonderful in a red wedding____.She can act as a tour guide，a receptionist，____a hostess.
Her face____the beautiful facial characteristics of many girls.And her eyes can move.
“The robot is the first human simulation(仿真)____in China，and she is____with the most advanced voice and movement control technologies and____communicate with humans，” said Li Chengrong，chief____of the robot，who works for the Chinese Academy of Science Institute of Automation.“She replies ‘____’ if you praise her by saying ‘You are so____’．”
The sentences that the robot can understand and say are____at present.“We will improve her in the future，to make her talk___with human beings，” Li said.
___the “beauty” will work as a receptionist and tour guide in Sichuan Science Museum，she has been programmed to____the southwestern dialect that is popular in inland Sichuan Province.
Li said the lab____for designing and making the robot was 300,000 yuan (37,500 U．S.dollars)．The robot is equipped with interactive technologies.It is____to most advanced robot in the world—Asimo，____by Japanese auto­maker Honda.Asimo，____can walk at a speed of one mile per hour and climb up and down stairs，costs about one million U．S.dollars.
小題1:
A．receptionistsB．hostesses
C．beautiesD．guides
小題2:
A．robotB．cushion
C．carpetD．fingernail
小題3:
A．inventedB．designed
C．madeD．named
小題4:
A．dressB．clothes
C．shoesD．skirt
小題5:
A．orB．a(chǎn)nd
C．butD．so
小題6:
A．containsB．includes
C．connectsD．combines
小題7:
A．oneB．this
C．thatD．it
小題8:
A．desiredB．piled
C．equippedD．scanned
小題9:
A．mustB．can
C．shouldD．may
小題10:
A．designerB．declarer
C．juniorD．haircutter
小題11:
A．Go aheadB．Thank you
C．SorryD．With pleasure
小題12:
A．holyB．pretty
C．elegantD．outgoing
小題13:
A．developedB．complicated
C．limitedD．improved
小題14:
A．happilyB．slowly
C．particularlyD．freely
小題15:
A．SinceB．If
C．UnlessD．When
小題16:
A．studyB．speak
C．ignoreD．understand
小題17:
A．payB．price
C．costD．work
小題18:
A．familiarB．similar
C．oppositeD．reasonable
小題19:
A．producedB．obeyed
C．enviedD．tested
小題20:
A．whichB．where
C．whenD．who

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question, you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio­technology. With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and war. Today's leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs. The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so on—in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
小題1:According to the passage, human death is now mainly caused by ________.
A．diseases and agingB．a(chǎn)ccidents and war
C．a(chǎn)ccidents and agingD．heart disease and war
小題2:In the author's opinion, today's most important advance in technology lies in ________.
A．medicineB．the InternetC．brain cellsD．human organ
小題3:Humans may live longer in the future because ________.
A．heart disease will be far away from us
B．human brains can decide the final death
C．the basic materials of cells will last forever
D．human organs can be repaired by new medicine
小題4:How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?
A．Over 100 years.B．More than 120 years.
C．About 150 years.D．The passage doesn't tell us.
小題5:We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．Cells aren’t the basic units of all living things any more
B．humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C．much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life
D．we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Taking a picture of your tongue with a mobile phone could soon instantly tell you how healthy you are. Researchers believe the images can reveal important information about a patient’s health and even give them early warning of serious illness.
A team at the University of Missouri is developing a system that can analyze pictures using a 5,000-year-old Chinese principle, which is based on the flow and balance of positive and negative energies in the body, and uses the tongue as a key to learning about a person’s physical health, or “zheng” according to Chinese medicine.
“Within a year, our goal is to create an application for smart phones that will allow anyone to take a photo of their tongue and learn the status of their zheng,” said Dong Xu, chair of MU’s Computer Science Department in the College of Engineering and the co-author of the latest study.
The software analyzes images based on the tongue’s color and coating to distinguish between tongues showing signs of “hot” or “cold” zheng. Shades of red and yellow are associated with hot zheng, whereas a white coating on the tongue is a sign of cold zheng.
“Hot and cold zheng doesn’t refer directly to body temperature,” said Xu, “Rather, it refers to a series of symptoms associated with the state of the body as a whole.”
For the study, 263 gastritis(胃炎) patients and 48 healthy volunteers had their tongues analyzed. The gastritis patients were classified by whether they showed infection by a certain bacteria as well as the intensity of their gastritis symptoms. In addition, most of the gastritis patients had been previously classified with either hot or cold zheng. This allowed the researchers to test the accuracy of the software’s analysis.
“Our software is able to classify people based on their zheng status. And as we continue to work on the software we hope to improve its ability,” said another co-author Ye Duan, “Eventually everyone will be able to use this tool at home using webcams or smart phone applications, which will allow them to monitor their zheng and get an early warning about possible ailments.”
小題1: The software mentioned in the passage is based on ________.
A．the latest development of smart phones
B．a(chǎn) traditional Chinese medical principle
C．the changes in one’s flow and energy
D．symptoms related with the state of the body
小題2:According to Chinese medicine, zheng refers to ________.
A．one’s body temperatureB．the physical health of a person
C．the possible disease of a personD．the color and coating of one’s tongue
小題3:The study led by Dong Xu proves _________.
A．the effect of the software
B．the software’s great prospect
C．the advancement of smart phones
D．the greatness of Chinese medicine
小題4:The underlined word “ailments” can be replaced by _________.
A．a(chǎn)nalysisB．effectsC．illnessesD．a(chǎn)pplications
小題5:It can be inferred from the passage that _________.
A．the software still needs improvement
B．the subjects in the study are all gastritis
C．the software has been in market for a year
D．the subjects in the study are classified by age

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When 18th-century scientists first came across Australia’s platypus(鴨嘴獸), they thought it was a trick. It is not surprising that the platypus made people confused. This funny-looking animal has feet and is a kind of warm-blooded mammal.
While other mammals usually keep their blood at around 37 degrees, the platypus has a lower body temperature of 32 degrees. As to its appearance, the platypus’mouth is not really like ducks’at all; its mouth actually looks a bit soft. The platypus closes its eyes when swimming. It uses its mouth to pick up outside information made by the creatures underwater.
Strangest of all, the platypus is a mammal that can lay eggs. And there is only one other kind of mammal that can lay eggs, the echidna (針鼴鼠) of Australia. Both the platy-pus and the echidna lay soft-shelled eggs, and both feed their young with their own milk that comes out of their skin. These animals also walk in a way that is similar to crocodiles(鱷魚), with legs on the sides of their bodies rather than under them.
Though pretty, in a special way, the platypus is actually one of the few mammals that are poisonous. A male platypus has knife-like bones on its back legs which have enough poison to kill a dog.
The platypus has the honor of being one of the oldest mammals in the world. Until the early 20th century, it was hunted for its fur, but the situation has changed. Although the platypus is easily affected by pollution, it is not under any immediate threat.
小題1: What can we learn about the platypus according to the text?
A．It has a lower body temperature than other mammals.
B．It only closes its eyes when underwater.
C．It’s the only poisonous mammal in the world.
D．It feeds its young on wild animal meat.
小題2:Which of the following is NOT used as a comparison with the platypus in the text?
A．The crocodile.B．The echidna.C．The duck.D．The dog.
小題3:The following characteristics of the platypus have been described in the text EXCEPT ________.
A．its natural enemyB．its appearance
C．its walking poseD．its daily diet
小題4:We can infer from the last paragraph that the platypus _______.
A．is hunted for its meatB．is in danger of extinction
C．is endangered by air pollutionD．is well-protected now
小題5:Which of the following would be the best title for this text?
A．Platypus, a Trick?
B．Platypus, the Only Warm-Blooded Mammal
C．The Characteristics of Platypus
D．The Strange Mammal —Platypus。

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

EDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High school, customers pour into a special experiment :the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.
Well before classes start, students and teachers order Lattes, Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates. Then, during the first period, teachers call in orders on their room phones, and students make deliveries.
By closing time at 9.20 a.m. , the shop usually sells 90drinks.
“whoever made the chi tea, Ms. Schwartzman says it was good, ”Christy McKinley , a second year student , announced recently, after hanging up with the teacher.
The shop is called the Dixie PIT, which stands for Power in Transition. Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.
They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs. They keep a timecard and receive paychecks, which they keep in check registers.
Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia.
Not that it was easy. Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related. Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content?
Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped. She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition（營養(yǎng)）guidelines.
The whole school has joined in to help.
Teachers agreed to give up their lounge(休息室)in the morning. Art students painted the name of the shop on the wall. Business students designed the paychecks. The basketball team helped pay for cups.
小題1:.What is the text mainly about？
A．A best-selling coffee.
B．A special educational program.
C．Government support for schools.
D．A new type of teacher-student relationship.
小題2:The Dixie PIT program was introduced in order to    .
A．raise money for school affairs
B．do some research on nutrition
C．develop students’ practical skills
D．supply teachers with drinks
小題3:How did Christy McKinley know Ms. Schwartzman’s opinion of the chi tea？
A．She met her in the shop.
B．She heard her telling others.
C．She talked to her on the phone.
D．She went to her office to deliver the tea.
小題4:We know from the text that Ginger Gray       .
A．manages the Dixie PIT program in Kenton County
B．sees that the drinks meet health standards
C．teaches at Dixie Heights High School
D．owns the school’s coffee shop

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Air pollution is one of the hottest topics at present because poor air quality is an important factor in both the incidence and cause of respiratory(呼吸道) diseases.
Zhong Nanshan, a deputy to the NPC and a member of the CAE, said recently when the concentration of PM2.5 rises by 10 micrograms per cubic meter, hospitalization may rise by as much as 3.1 percent. Meanwhile, when the concentration of PM2.5 rises from 25 mgs per cubic meter to 200, the average daily death rate may rise to 11 percent.
Zhi Xiuyi, a leading expert in lung cancer treatment and also vice-president of the CATS, said medical authorities used to focus on tobacco control as a primary means of preventing lung cancer. "But in fact, air pollution is no less harmful than smoking and our research team released a report earlier this year showing that the cancer rate in Beijing is closely related to industrialization," he said.
The report, conducted by the Beijing Institute of Cancer Research, shows that the number of cancer patients in China has increased markedly during the past ten years. Chaoyang District, the city's main area of industrialization, has the highest incidence of cancer, almost double that of Yanqing, an area on the outskirts of the city. About four out of 1000 Chaoyang residents have some form of the disease, with lung cancer at the top of the list.
"The risk of having cancer largely depends on the length of exposure and the concentration of noxious gases(有毒氣體的濃度)," said Zhi. In response to the doubt whether seven years' exposure to poor air quality will almost result in cancer, Zhi said the time scale was taken from research overseas that suggested the rate of incidence generally peaked in the seventh year of exposure to a heavily polluted environment.
小題1: What is the passage mainly about?
A．Medical researches on environment.
B．The disadvantages in big cities.
C．The only reason for the lung cancer.
D．Poor air quality contributing to lung cancer.
小題2:What can you conclude from the 3rd paragraph?
A．Compared with smoking, air pollution is more harmful.
B．Air pollution is as harmful as smoking.
C．It is very important to prevent people from smoking.
D．People realize the importance of keeping healthy.
小題3:If there were 3,000,000 people in Chaoyang District, how many would have respiratory diseases?
A．16000B．12000C．8000D．7500
小題4:What can you infer from the passage?
A．Industrialization has its weakness as well as strengths.
B．The average death rate rises with different ages and places.
C．The air in Beijing is much more polluted than that in the other cities.
D．The more heavily-polluted air you breathe in, the sooner you’ll have cancer.

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