分析 本文是一篇教育文化類短文.主要介紹了武漢的一所小學(xué)使用一種新型的桌子和椅子來(lái)防止孩子近視.這些桌椅讓學(xué)生有一個(gè)正確的坐姿,特別是讀書和寫字的時(shí)候.每個(gè)桌子有一個(gè)可以調(diào)節(jié)的鐵架,這個(gè)鐵架幫助孩子的眼睛距離課本至少30厘米.張建明是小學(xué)的校長(zhǎng),她說(shuō)新型的課桌椅是由城市里的眼睛保護(hù)中心提供的,學(xué)校去年開(kāi)展了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查,1093名學(xué)生當(dāng)中有7%的學(xué)生近視.這些新課桌椅改善了孩子們的坐姿,但是也得需要老師和學(xué)生們花費(fèi)時(shí)間來(lái)適應(yīng)桌椅.楊麗華是武漢青少年眼睛保護(hù)中心的主任,她說(shuō)新型的課桌椅已經(jīng)在19個(gè)學(xué)校試用過(guò)了.在我們研究近視期間,我們注意到近視的孩子數(shù)量在增加,這是因?yàn)楦改冈诮毯⒆幼x書的時(shí)候,沒(méi)有注意他們讀書和寫字的姿勢(shì),馮俊英是北京金山學(xué)校的一名醫(yī)生,她說(shuō)"武漢的新型課桌椅是很有幫助的,但是壞的閱讀習(xí)慣并不是導(dǎo)致近視的唯一原因,孩子們很小的時(shí)候使用手機(jī)和iPad,這也是導(dǎo)致近視的另一個(gè)原因."
解答 41、D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.
根據(jù)第一段中的"The bar can help students keep their eyes at least 30cm from books."鐵架可以調(diào)節(jié)到最少30里面,因此可以調(diào)節(jié)到30厘米以上,故選D.
42、B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.
根據(jù)第一段中的"The desks and chairs make students have the correct posture(座姿),"可知這種新型的課桌椅可以幫助孩子們形成正確的坐姿,故選B.
43、C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.
根據(jù)最后一段中的"But bad reading habits at school are not the only reason for short sight"但是壞的閱讀習(xí)慣并不是導(dǎo)致近視的唯一原因,故選C.
44、C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.
根據(jù)第一段中的"The desks and chairs make students have the correct posture(座姿),especially when reading and writing."以及最后一段中的"the new desks and chairs in Wuhan will certainly be helpful"這些桌椅讓學(xué)生有一個(gè)正確的坐姿,特別是讀書和寫字的時(shí)候,這些課桌椅確實(shí)對(duì)形成正確的讀書和寫字的姿勢(shì)有幫助,因此可知:正確的讀書和寫字的姿勢(shì)可以很好的保護(hù)我們的視力.故選C.
45、A.推理判斷題.
根據(jù)第一段中的"A primary school in Wuhan has used new desks and chairs to prevent students from getting short sight."以及最后一段中的"Feng Junying is a doctor at Beijing Jingshan School."因此可以推知這篇文章是選自報(bào)紙教育欄目的,故選A.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 首先要通讀全文,掌握大意,然后結(jié)合具體的題目再讀短文,從中找出相關(guān)信息,就可以確定正確答案.
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