1. ----What about____ passage? ----It’s too difficult____ passage for me. A. a, a B. a, the C. the, a D. the, the 2. ----How is your grandmother? ----She____ for many years. A. died B. has died C. has been died D. has been dead 3. ----Why is the boy crying there? ----Because____ his father. A. being scolded by B. scolding C. of scolding D. of being scolded by 4. ----What do you think make Jenny unhappy and worried? ----____ her new PC. A. Because she lost B. Lost C. As a result of losing D. Losing 5. ----Could I borrow your motor bike? ----Yes, of course, you____. A. might B. could C. can D. should 6. ----Can I help you, sir? ----Yes. I bought this radio her yesterday, but it____. A. didn’t B. won’t work C. can’t work D. doesn’t work 7. I like____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 8. ----You haven’t been to Beijing, have you? ----____. How I wish to go there! A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I haven’t C. No, I have D. No, I haven’t 9. ----Your phone number again? I____ quite catch it. ----It’s 9568442. A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t 10. ----Will $200____? ----I’m afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars. A. count B. satisfy C. fit D. do 11. He came home after midnight, and____, he got drunk. A. worse still B. that means C. what’s the matter D. what else 12. You can, ____, come to join us in the singing programme. A. if you happy B. when you possible C. if you please D. when you necessary 13. Mr Smith, ____ of the____ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. was tired, bored D. was tiring, boring 14. I have a lot of books, half of____ novels. A. which B. that C. whom D. them
1-5 CDDDC 6-10 DCDAD 11-14 ACAD
(8)
2. 題干中的有效信息不再讓人一眼看穿,而是隱藏在字里行間,近幾年在這一類(lèi)考題中,很少在情景中出現(xiàn)明顯的時(shí)間信息,如時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。
3. 解決時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)問(wèn)題時(shí),可遵循如下解題思路: (1)這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能發(fā)生在什么時(shí)間?題干中可參照的信息有哪些。 (2)動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系,是被動(dòng)還是主動(dòng)。
4. 四組容易混淆的時(shí)態(tài): (1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)的范疇;一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間是在過(guò)去,屬于過(guò)去時(shí)的范疇。因此,一般過(guò)去時(shí)需跟表示過(guò)境的時(shí)間連用或有表過(guò)去時(shí)間的上下文,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 (2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別:過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示以過(guò)去某時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)以前所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),即過(guò)去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”;而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)以前所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 (3)過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別:兩種時(shí)態(tài)都常與一段時(shí)間和狀語(yǔ)連用,但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或同現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的動(dòng)作(句中不可有表示過(guò)去特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)),而過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示的是在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)完成或延續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)的動(dòng)作(句中有表示過(guò)去特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ))。 (4)將來(lái)完成時(shí)由“shall/will+have done”構(gòu)成,表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻,常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,并帶有一個(gè)表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句,如:by the end of this month, by then, this time next week, by the time等;將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“shall/will+have been doing”構(gòu)成,表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作在將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,并一直持續(xù)進(jìn)行著。
5. 關(guān)于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特殊用法: (1)主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng):表示感覺(jué)或變化的feel, look, smell, sound, taste, turn, prove, get等系動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義;動(dòng)詞let, blame的不定式作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)時(shí),主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。 (2)由“get+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):這種形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主要用于:①給自己做事(get dressed穿衣);②設(shè)法做到自己稱(chēng)心的事(get elected當(dāng)選);③由于客觀原因遇到不盡如人意的事(get burned燒焦);④表示命令(get washed!去洗洗吧)。 (3)在表示“(某物)需要”的need, want, require等后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。 (4)“據(jù)說(shuō)類(lèi)”的3個(gè)被動(dòng)句型:如果我們要想把話(huà)說(shuō)的謹(jǐn)慎些,可以用下列被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):①I(mǎi)t is said that…;②There is said to be…;③sb/sth is said to…。能用于這類(lèi)句型的動(dòng)詞還有believe, think, consider, suppose, hope, suggest, report, know, understand等。
6. 某些固定句式中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是固定的、約定俗成的: (1)This/It is the first/second…time+that-clause: that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),如果把前邊的is改為was, 則that從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 (2)It is/has been+一段時(shí)間+since從句:since從句中一般用過(guò)去時(shí),如果將前邊的is改為was,則since從句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 (3)be about to do…when…: 意為“即將…(這時(shí))突然…”。 (4)be(was/were)+doing…when…: 意為“正在干…(這時(shí))突然…”。 (5)Hardly/Scarcely had…done…when…; No sooner had…done…than…, when和than從句里用一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示“剛剛…就…”。 (6)It+be+一段時(shí)間+before從句:如果主句用將來(lái)時(shí),則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí),意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后即將發(fā)生某事;如果主句用過(guò)去時(shí),從句也用過(guò)去時(shí),意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后發(fā)生了某事。
12. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示經(jīng)常性或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作,句中常見(jiàn)的副詞有:forever, always, repeatedly, constantly, 也用every/each day/year; 這時(shí)往往表達(dá)一種感情色彩,如:不滿(mǎn),厭煩,贊揚(yáng)等。 She is always helping others. The problem is that 300 people are dying each day from illnesses caused by smoking.
11. develop healthy habits:養(yǎng)成健康的習(xí)慣 develop an interest in sth:培養(yǎng)…的興趣 develop…into…:把…發(fā)展成為… develop from…:從…進(jìn)化/發(fā)展起來(lái) develop natural resources:開(kāi)發(fā)自然資源 develop films:沖洗膠卷
10. such as:用于列舉事物,且只列舉部分 for example/instance:用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明,不表列舉或等同 namely=that is (to say):即(列舉全部)
9. in a/one word:簡(jiǎn)言之,總之 in other words:換句話(huà)說(shuō) in words:用語(yǔ)言,口頭上 word (u):消息,諾言
8. a bit/a little:一點(diǎn)兒,在肯定句中修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞及其比較級(jí) not a bit=not at all not a little=very much a bit of +n.(u) a little
7. pain (n.):指一般的疼痛;pains:還有“麻煩,努力”之意 ache (v.):指局部較持久的疼痛,是陷痛; (n.)常見(jiàn)在復(fù)合詞中:headache,stomachace hurt vt:傷害 vi:常指精神、感情傷害;也指肉體傷害。
6. honour vt. :尊敬,以…為榮 n. :尊敬,(pl)光榮,榮譽(yù) in honor of:為了紀(jì)念…,尊敬 a sense of honour:廉恥心 show honor to sb:尊敬某人
5. give away:離開(kāi),贈(zèng)送 keep away (from):使離開(kāi) break away (from):脫離 put away:存儲(chǔ) do away with:處理掉 turn away:解雇 throw away:扔掉
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