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題目列表(包括答案和解析)

閱讀下面文字,完成下列各題。

鼎在中國由來已久。它最初是古代的烹飪之器,相當于現(xiàn)在的鍋,用以燉煮和盛放食品。鼎有三足圓鼎,也有四足方鼎。最早的鼎是粘土燒制的陶鼎,后來又發(fā)展為用青銅鑄造的銅鼎。傳說夏禹曾收九牧之金鑄九鼎于荊山之下,以象征九州。自從有了禹鑄九鼎的傳說,鼎就從一般的炊器演變?yōu)閭鲊闹仄髁。國滅則鼎遷,夏朝滅,商朝興,九鼎遷于商都亳京;商朝滅,周朝興,九鼎又遷于周都鎬京。從商至周,都把定都或建立王朝稱為“定鼎”。 

鼎自從被視為傳國重器、國家和權(quán)力的象征后,“鼎”字也被賦予了顯赫、尊貴、盛大等政治引申意義。譬如一言九鼎、大名鼎鼎、三足鼎立等等。鼎是我國青銅文化的代表。它既是文明的見證,又是文化的載體。根據(jù)禹鑄九鼎的傳說,可以推想,我國早在4000多年前就有了青銅冶煉和鑄造技術(shù)。

中國歷史博物館收藏的“司母戊”大方鼎就是商代晚期的青銅鼎,它呈長方形、四足,是我國現(xiàn)存最大的商代青銅器。鼎腹內(nèi)有“司母戊”三字,是商王為祭祀其母戊而鑄造的。清代出土的大盂鼎、大克鼎等都是西周時期的著名青銅器。鼎和其它青銅器上的銘文,記載了商周時代的典章制度和冊封、祭祀、征伐等史實,而且還把西周時期的大篆文字傳給了后世,形成了具有很高審美價值的金文書法藝術(shù),鼎也因此更加身價不凡。

美學家李澤厚認為,中國青銅器以其特有的三足器——鼎為主要代表,器制沉雄厚實,紋飾獰厲神秘,刻鏤深重凸出,是我國青銅冶煉和鑄造技術(shù)最具審美價值的工藝品,F(xiàn)代漢字中的“鼎”字,雖然經(jīng)過了甲骨文、金文、小篆、隸書等多次變化,但仍然保留著“鼎”這一事物的風范和形體特點,其物其字幾乎融為一體,都有著豐富的文化內(nèi)涵。鼎又是旌功記績的禮器。周代的國君或王公大臣在重大慶典或接受賞賜時都要鑄鼎,以記載盛況。這種禮俗在我國已傳承至今。

由于自古以來,鼎就是我國一種莊嚴的重要禮器,象征著祖國昌盛、穩(wěn)固、團結(jié)、統(tǒng)一

和權(quán)威,亦是和平、發(fā)展、昌盛的吉祥物代表,故在當今一些重大外交場合和國家的一些

重大政治活動中,都會由鼎來唱主角。

上世紀1995年10月2l日,在聯(lián)合國總部紐約,為慶賀聯(lián)合國50華誕,我國政府向聯(lián)合國贈送一尊青銅巨鼎——世紀寶鼎。該“世紀寶鼎”是具有我國商周青銅工藝風格的藝術(shù)精品,采用整體鑄造,一次澆注成功。鼎身高2.1米,象征2l世紀。姿呈三足鼎立,雙耳高聳,滿身紋飾。有金文:“鑄贈世紀寶鼎,慶賀聯(lián)合國五十華誕。”鼎底座高0.5米,2米見方,上鑄56條夔龍紋飾,象征中華民族都是龍的傳人。鼎的整個造型,雄偉祥和,氣勢宏大,古樸典雅,美觀莊重。   

2006年1月1日,我國以法律形式規(guī)定免征在我國已征收了2600年的農(nóng)業(yè)稅。同年9月29日,河北省靈壽縣青廉村農(nóng)民王三妮的一尊“告別田賦鼎”問世了。這是一位普通農(nóng)民用中華民族最古老、最莊重的方式來銘記這一千古盛事。

下列對“鼎”的說明,不正確的一項是(    )

A.鼎最初是古代的烹飪之器,后演變?yōu)閲液蜋?quán)力的象征。

B.鼎最早是用粘土燒制,叫陶鼎,大約在4000多年前發(fā)展為用青銅鑄造的銅鼎。

C.鼎是我國青銅文化的代表,它既見證了中華古代文明,又傳承了中華悠久文化。

D.鼎作為傳國重器,是和平、發(fā)展、昌盛的吉祥物代表。

下列各項中不能表明“鼎是一種重要禮器”的一項是(    )

A.商滅夏,九鼎遷于商都亳京;周滅商,九鼎又遷于周都鎬京。

B.周代的國君或王公大臣在重大慶典或接受賞賜時都要鑄鼎,以記載盛況。

C.我國政府向聯(lián)合國贈送了“世紀寶鼎”,慶賀聯(lián)合國50華誕。

D.河北省靈壽縣農(nóng)民王三妮鑄“告別田賦鼎”,銘記我國免征農(nóng)業(yè)稅這一盛事。

下列表述符合原文意思的一項是(    )

A.商周時代青銅器上的大篆銘文記載了當時的典章制度史實,形成了具有很高審美價值的金文書法藝術(shù)。

B.“司母戊”大方鼎是我國現(xiàn)存最大的商代青銅器,鼎腹內(nèi)有“司母戊”三字,表明是商王為祭祀其母戊而造。

C.李澤厚認為,鼎以其器制沉雄厚實,紋飾獰厲神秘,刻鏤深重凸出,成為我國最具審美價值的青銅工藝品。   

D.“世紀寶鼎”是體現(xiàn)我國商周青銅工藝風格的藝術(shù)精品,其夔龍紋飾、三足鼎立造型均有豐富的文化內(nèi)涵和象征意義。   

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請認真閱讀下列短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后76~85表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。

注意:每個空格只填1個單詞。請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。

In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were not many people on earth, and natural resources seemed to be unlimited.

Today, things are different. The world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue like this, human life on earth will not survive.

Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we continue to use bigger and more powerful machines to cut down more and more trees.

We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die in

the end. However, in most countries waste products are still put into the sea, and there are few laws to stop this.

We know, too, that if the population of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there will not be enough food.

What can we do to solve these problems?

If we eat more vegetables and less meat, there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops can feed five times more people than land where animals are kept.

The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control.

Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner planet in the future.

Problems

?More 1._______ are caught. 

?More2._______ are cut down.

?More 3._____ products are put into rivers.

?More4._____ are born.

Causes

?The world is becoming too5.__________.

?Modern methods make the world 6.________.

7.

?We human beings will not survive on the earth.

Situation

● ?Eat more8._____ and less meat so that more food will be available. 

● ?Use modern methods of9._______ control so that the population will not grow too fast.

?Educate people so that the earth will be better and 10._____.

 

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基礎(chǔ)寫作(15分)
請根據(jù)下面的提示寫一篇短文,介紹臺風(typhoon)的一些基本知識。

臺風發(fā)生的時間
多數(shù)出現(xiàn)在夏季
與人類的關(guān)系
可以給廣大地區(qū)帶來充足的雨水,與人類生活和關(guān)系密切
對人類的影響
1. 臺風經(jīng)常帶來各種破壞,它具有突發(fā)性強、破壞力大的特點,是世界上最嚴重的自然災害之一
2. 臺風所引起的暴雨會造成洪澇災害,淹沒城鎮(zhèn)和農(nóng)田,造成大量人員傷亡和財產(chǎn)損失
政府的做法
政府應(yīng)該采取有效措施來防止臺風給人民的財產(chǎn)和安全帶來傷害
【寫作要求】
只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容
【評分標準】
句子結(jié)構(gòu)準確,信息內(nèi)容完整,篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。

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短文改錯(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分)
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤.對標題號的每一行做出判斷:如無錯誤,在該行右邊的橫線上劃(√);如有錯誤(每行只有一個錯誤),則按下列情況改正:
此行多一個詞:把多余的詞用斜線劃掉,在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞,并也用斜線劃掉。
此行缺一個詞:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(^),在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。
此行錯一個詞:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
注意:原行沒有錯的不要改。
特別注意:下面的題為選A卷的考生必做。
One day a doctor was starting his morning works. Suddenly                         81. _______
a man ran his room. His face was red and he could                             82. _______
only say"Quick! Quick!"The doctor thought he can be                              83. _______
very ill. His assistant helped to get the poor man sit in                            84. _______
a chair. The doctor gave the man some medicine to make                          85. _______
him to sleep. Then he looked into the man's mouth and                            86. _______
pulled out all the bad tooths. As soon as the man woke                            87. _______
up, he said"Quick, doctor, Quick,"with a low voice.                                88. _______
"It's all over now,"the doctor told him."You don't understand,"                    89. _______
said the man."I came to tell you your house is on the fire."                         90. _______

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短文改錯(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分)

此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤.對標題號的每一行做出判斷:如無錯誤,在該行右邊的橫線上劃(√);如有錯誤(每行只有一個錯誤),則按下列情況改正:

此行多一個詞:把多余的詞用斜線劃掉,在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞,并也用斜線劃掉。

此行缺一個詞:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(^),在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯一個詞:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意:原行沒有錯的不要改。

特別注意:下面的題為選A卷的考生必做。

One day a doctor was starting his morning works. Suddenly                         81. _______

a man ran his room. His face was red and he could                             82. _______

only say"Quick! Quick!"The doctor thought he can be                              83. _______

very ill. His assistant helped to get the poor man sit in                            84. _______

a chair. The doctor gave the man some medicine to make                          85. _______

him to sleep. Then he looked into the man's mouth and                            86. _______

pulled out all the bad tooths. As soon as the man woke                            87. _______

up, he said"Quick, doctor, Quick,"with a low voice.                                88. _______

"It's all over now,"the doctor told him."You don't understand,"                    89. _______

said the man."I came to tell you your house is on the fire."                         90. _______

 

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