A. The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45． B. Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee． C. A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible． D. An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition． [解析]B. 根據(jù)短文最后一段要點(diǎn):① 國(guó)際足聯(lián)堅(jiān)持裁判45歲必須退休是出于誤導(dǎo),② 既然裁判不必時(shí)刻跟著球跑.其身體條件就不是最關(guān)鍵的.結(jié)論涉及裁判的身體和年齡.A和C明示與上述要點(diǎn)相悖.選項(xiàng)D是不舍邏輯的推論:身體條件不是最關(guān)鍵不等于身體不好也行.D WASHINGTON―The Environmental Protection Agency on Wednesday denied California and 16 other states the right to set their own standards for carbon dioxide emissions from automobiles. The E.P.A. administrator, Stephen L. Johnson, said the proposed California rules were preempted by federal authority and made moot by the energy bill signed into law by President Bush on Wednesday. Mr. Johnson said California had failed to make a compelling case that it needed authority to write its own standards for greenhouse gas emissions from cars and trucks to help control global warming. The decision immediately provoked a heated debate over its scientific basis and whether political pressure was applied by the automobile industry to help it escape the proposed California regulations. Officials from the states and numerous environmental groups swore to sue to overturn the edict rules． In an evening conference call with reporters, Mr. Johnson defended his agency's decision. “The Bush administration is moving forward with a clear national solution, not a confusing patchwork of state rules, he said. “I believe this is a better approach than if individual states were to act alone." The 17 states―including New York, New Jersey and Connecticut―had waited two years for the Bush administration to issue a ruling on an application to set stricter air quality standards than those adopted by the federal government. The decision technically known as a Clean Air Act waiver, was the first time California was refused permission to carry out its own pollution rules; the federal government had previously granted the state more than 50 waivers. The emissions standards California proposed in 2004―but never approved by the federal government―would have forced automakers to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 25 percent in new cars and light trucks by 2020, with the cutbacks to begin in 1990 models. 【查看更多】

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

閱讀理解

　　Long after the 2002 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still blaming the disputed(受置疑)refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team．A researcher was appointed(任命)to study the performance of some top referees．

　　The researcher organized an experimental match involving four youth teams．Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge．

　　Observers noted down the referees'errors, of which there were 61 over the match．Changed to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number．

　　The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze(分析)the matches in detail．Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident．When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action．The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters．The research shows the best is about 20 meters．

　　There also seemed to be a best speed．Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second．The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second．

　　If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rush to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues．

　　He also says that FIFA’S insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided．If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical(挑剔)．

(1)

The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________．

[　　]

A．

review the decisions of referees at the 2002 World Cup

B．

analyze the causes of errors made by football referees

C．

set a standard of football refereeing

D．

reexamine the rules for football refereeing

(2)

The findings of the experiment show that ________．

[　　]

A．

errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

B．

the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors are

C．

The more slowly the referee runs, the more likely errors will occur

D．

errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot．

(3)

The underlined word “officials”most probably refers to ________．

[　　]

A．

the researchers involved in the experiment

B．

the players of the football match

C．

the referees of the football match

D．

the observers at the site of the experiment

(4)

What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

[　　]

A．

The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45．

B．

Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee．

C．

A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible．

D．

An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition．

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閱讀理解

　　Long after the 2002 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still blaming the disputed(受置疑)refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team．A researcher was appointed(任命)to study the performance of some top referees．

　　The researcher organized an experimental match involving four youth teams．Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge．

　　Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the match．Changed to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number．

　　The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze(分析)the matches in detail．Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident．When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action．The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters．The research shows the best is about 20 meters．

　　There also seemed to be a best speed．Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second．The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second．

　　If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rush to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues．

　　He also says that FIFA’S insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided．If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical(挑剔)．

(1)

The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________．

[　　]

A．

review the decisions of referees at the 2002 World Cup

B．

analyze the causes of errors made by football referees

C．

set a standard of football refereeing

D．

reexamine the rules for football refereeing

(2)

The findings of the experiment show that ________．

[　　]

A．

errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

B．

the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors are

C．

The more slowly the referee runs, the more likely errors will occur

D．

errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot．

(3)

The underlined word“officials”most probably refers to ________．

[　　]

A．

the researchers involved in the experiment

B．

the players of the football match

C．

the referees of the football match

D．

the observers at the site of the experiment

(4)

What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

[　　]

A．

The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45．

B．

Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee．

C．

A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible．

D．

An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition．

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閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Long after the 2002 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still angry at the questionable refereeing decisions that made their team lose the match．A researcher was sent to study the performance of some top referees(裁判)．

　　The researcher organized experimental matches between four youth teams．Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge．

　　Observers noted down the referees’ errors(錯(cuò)誤), of which there were 61 over the matches．Compared to an ordinary match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number．

　　The researcher then studied the videotapes to study the matches in detail．Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident．When the officials did it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action．The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters．The research shows the proper distance is about 20 meters．

　　There also seemed to be a proper speed．Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second．The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second．

　　If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the justice of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues．

　　He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided．If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is of less importance．

(1)

The experiment carried out by the researcher was meant to ________．

[　　]

A．

make new rules for football refereeing

B．

reexamine the rules for football refereeing

C．

study the causes of errors made by football referees

D．

review the decisions of referees at the 2002 World Cup

(2)

The findings of the experiment show that ________．

[　　]

A．

errors are less likely when a referee stays in one sport

B．

the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely errors will happen

C．

the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors

D．

errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

(3)

The underlined word “officials” in the passage most probably refers to ________．

[　　]

A．

the researcher sent to study in the experiment

B．

the referees of the experimented matches

C．

the observers at the site of the experiment

D．

the inspectors of the football matches

(4)

What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

[　　]

A．

Age is not the most important factor for a football referee．

B．

A football referee should be young and strong．

C．

The ideal retirement age for a football referee is 45．

D．

An experienced football referee can do well even if in poor health．

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Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still scolding the disputed(爭(zhēng)論)refereeingdecisions that took victory to their team. A researcher was sent to study the performance of some top referees.

The researcher organized an experimental tournament(聯(lián)賽；錦標(biāo)賽)including four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.

Observers noted down the referees' errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted(轉(zhuǎn)變)to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkable high number.

The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail.　　 Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average,17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum(合適的)distance is about 20 meters.

There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football's international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA's insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical(關(guān)鍵).

1．The findings of the experiment show that ________.

A. errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

B. the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors

C. the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will ?errors occur

D. errors are less likely when a referee staying in one spot

2．The underlined word “officials” most probably refers to ________.

A. the researchers involved in the experiment

B. the inspectors of the football tournament

C. the referees of the football tournament

D. the observers at the site of the experiment

3．What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

A. The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.

B. Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.

C. A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.

D. An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.

查看答案和解析>>

Long after the 2002 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still blaming the disputed（受置疑）refereeing（裁判）decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed（任命）to study the performance of some top referees.

The researcher organized an experimental match involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.

Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the match. Changed to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.

The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze（分析）the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the best is about 20 meters.

There also seemed to be a best speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.

If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rush to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.

He also says that FIFA’S insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical（挑剔）.

1．The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to              .

A．review the decisions of referees at the 2002 World Cup

B．a(chǎn)nalyze the causes of errors made by football referees

C．set a standard of football refereeing

D．reexamine the rules for football refereeing

2．The findings of the experiment show that               .

A．errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

B．the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors are

C．The more slowly the referee runs, the more likely errors will occur

D．errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot.

3．The underlined word “officials” most probably refers to              .

A．the researchers involved in the experiment

B．the players of the football match

C．the referees of the football match

D．the observers at the site of the experiment

4．What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

A．The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.

B．Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.

C．A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.

D．An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.

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