閱讀理解 人物故事類押題
【押題1】Would you believe that the first outstanding
deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman? His name was Laurent Clerc. He became
a friend of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and together they founded
Laurent Clerc was born in a small
village near
At 12, Laurent entered the Royal
Institution for the Deaf in
Meanwhile, in
The two men set sail on June 18,
1816. The voyage across the
At the school, Clerc led a busy life. He taught signs to Principal Gallaudet; he taught the pupils; and he taught hearing men who came to the school to study deaf education.
In 1819, Clerc married Eliza
Crocker Boardman, one of his pupils. They had six children. He retired from
teaching in 1858. Although he had intended to return to
1. Why
did Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet sail to
A. He needed to finish his studies to become a minister.
B. It was the easiest way to get
to
C. He wanted to study their system of deaf education.
D. He wanted to marry Alice Cogswell.
2. From the information in this passage we can infer that__________.
A. Laurent Clerc was an intelligent man
B. Clerc had difficulties learning language
C. Clerc married Eliza in order to get his Green Card
D. Clerc was paid well because he made such important contributions to society
3. On
their trip from
A. played cards and socialized
B. studied and discussed their plans for a deaf school
C. founded a school for the deaf
D. Gallaudet studied English and Clerc studied Sign Language
4. Which is the right order of the things Clerc did？
A. met Gallaudet, moved to
B. met Gallaudet, went to school
in
C. went to school in
D. got married, went to school in
5. The main idea of this passage could best be stated as_________.
A. Clerc managed his time well, and was able to teach a lot of information in a short period of time
B. Thomas Gallaudet was indebted to Clerc for all that he taught him
C. Clerc preferred teaching deaf students to hearing students
D. Clerc, an educated Frenchman, had a great impact on American Deaf Education
【押題理由】高考閱讀理解題中人物傳記類文章很常見。在選材時，不僅注重名家的生平，也關(guān)注與名人生活、事業(yè)息息相關(guān)的人或事，當(dāng)然，也不乏一些介紹普通人學(xué)習(xí)、生活和工作等的故事。本文在命題方面突出高考命題的靈活性：既注重特定細節(jié)的準(zhǔn)確理解，又注重推理判斷題的考查，同時涉及了事情先后順序的排列，體現(xiàn)了命題的多樣性。
【試題解析】1. C 第四段“he was concerned about the lack of opportunities for deaf people in America和he went to London to seek ideas on how to teach deaf people.”與C項表達雖然不同，但意思基本一致。
【考場秘招】細節(jié)題都可以從原文中找到答案，只不過為了迷惑考生，常常將原文進行改寫，換一種說法。所以，照抄原文，一字不改的不一定就是答案，而與原文意思相同的，才是正確的。
2. A 推理判斷題�？梢杂门懦ń獯鸫祟}，B項不可能，Clerc懂法語、手語、還在旅途中學(xué)習(xí)英語；C項文中既沒有說明為什么與Eliza結(jié)婚，更談不上當(dāng)時是否有“綠卡”。D項沒有足夠的信息推斷掙錢多少。根據(jù)文中“an excellent teacher, learned many different language，succeeded in school”等信息可以推斷he was an intelligent man。
3. B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第6段中“they studied English and Sign Language, and discussed the school for the deaf which they planned to open.”可以確定答案是B。
4. C 邏輯順序題。根據(jù)第3段Clerc went to school in Paris.、第五段became Gallaudets Sign Language teacher、第六段in 1816, after the two men studied together in Paris 和最后一段in 1819, Clerc got married.可確定其先后順序C項正確。
【考場秘招】做這類題，先找出最早的一個時間和事件，把它作為事件發(fā)生的具體點，然后使用排除法將范圍一一縮小，從而快速地選出正確答案。
5. D 主旨大意題。全文圍繞Clerc和他對美國聾兒教育的影響，所以D項正確，而A項面太窄，B項偏離主題，本文針對的不是Thomas Gallaudet，C項文中根本沒提到偏愛做一名教師。
【押題2】Years ago a John Hopkin's professor gave a group of graduate students this task: Go to the slums(貧民窟). Take 200 boys, between the ages of 12 and 16, and research into their background and environment. Then predict their chances for the future.
The students, after consulting social statistics, talking to the boys, and compiling(匯編) much data, concluded that 90 percent of the boys would spend some time in prison.
Twenty-five years later another group of graduate students was given the job of testing the prediction. They went back to the same area. Some of the boys―by then men―were still there, a few had died, some had moved away, but they got in touch with 180 of the original 200. They found that only four of the group had ever been sent to prison.
Why was it that these men, who had lived in a breeding(滋生) place of crime, had such a surprisingly good record? The researchers were continually told: "Well, there was a teacher..."
They pressed further, and found that in 75 percent of the cases it was the same woman. The researchers went to this teacher, now living in a home for retired teachers. How had she exerted(發(fā)揮) this remarkable influence over that group of children? Could she give them any reason why these boys should have remembered her?
"No," she said, "no I really couldn't." And then, thinking back over the years, she said amusingly, more to herself than to her questioners: "I loved those boys."
1. What were a group of graduate students instructed to do?
A. To research into the living conditions of the poor citizens.
B. To foretell what the future might have in store for poor kids
C. To study 200 boys between 12 to 16 and predict their future.
D. To survey the background and environment of 200 teenagers.
2. Seeing only four boys with bad records, the researchers probably felt ______.
A. relieved B. surprised C. disappointed D. frustrated
3. Most of the 200 surveyed boys grew into good citizens because _________.
A. their parents were strict with them
B. they had great ambition as children
C. they were expected to do good deeds
D. a woman teacher loved and cared them
4. What conclusion can we draw from the story?
A. Love can work miracles.
B. Like teacher, like pupil.
C. Adversity leads to prosperity.
D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
【押題理由】人物故事類題材是一直高考的重點內(nèi)容，本文講述對200名生活在貧民窟的男孩的生活進行追蹤調(diào)查的故事，趣味性強，難度適中，非常切合高考閱讀取材。
1. C 細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，教授給研究生布置的任務(wù)是調(diào)查在貧民窟生活的200個男孩的家庭背景，并預(yù)測他們的未來。
2. B 推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“a surprisingly good record”一句可知，調(diào)查的結(jié)果使研究者感到意外。
【考場秘招】解答推理判斷類試題時，要從文中找到設(shè)題的句子或段落，在四個選項中找到與原句意思相符的陳述。
3. D 推理判斷。根據(jù)文章的最后兩段，200名生活在貧民窟的男孩健康成長的原因是一位女教師對他們的關(guān)愛。
4. A 主旨大意。本文給我們的啟示是：愛可以創(chuàng)造奇跡。一位女教師的愛感化了她的學(xué)生，影響那些在貧民窟的男孩有積極的人生態(tài)度。
【押題3】Once I spoke at a high school. After the speech, I was asked to see a special student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me, and it would mean a great deal to him. I agreed.
He was Matthew. When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he would not live to see five, then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal weight lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles(障礙) and going for my dreams.
I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain. He spoke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weight with me.
When we finished talking, I went to my briefcase and pulled out the first gold medal I won and put it around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming obstacles（障礙） than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. He said, “You are a champion. You earned that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.”
Last summer I got the news that Matthew had passed away and a letter Matthew had written me a few days before:
Dear Rick,
My mom said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. The doctors tell me that I don’t have long to live any more. But I still smile as much as I can.
I told you some day I was going to the Olympics and win a gold medal. But I know now I’ll never make it. But I know I’m a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you.
Thank you for loving me.
Your friend,
Matthew
1. The boy wished to meet the author because ________.
A. he admired the author very much
B. he wished to take part in the Olympics
C. he hoped to make friends with the author
C. he enjoyed going in for weighting lifting
2. Which of the statements is TRUE?
A. Matthew was good at weight lifting.
B. Rick had the similar disease as a child.
C. Matthew remained optimistic in face of disease.
D. Rick encouraged the boy to become a champion.
3. Why did the boy refuse the author’s medal?
A. He thought he was not worthy of it.
B. Rick looked on the medal as treasure.
C. The gold medal was very dear to Rick.
D. He didn’t want to be pitied by others.
4. What can be inferred from Matthew’s letter?
A. Rick was unhappy before death.
B. Rick kept in touch with Mathew.
C. Mathew sent some pictures to Rick.
D. Mathew got an Olympic gold medal.
【押題理由】記敘文是閱讀理解部分必考的內(nèi)容，特別是具有深厚思想內(nèi)涵的文章，以達到通過閱讀對考生進行人文熏陶的目的。本文即是勵志的記敘文，體現(xiàn)出了這一命題原則的導(dǎo)向性。
1. A 細節(jié)理解。第二段中的最后一句表明答案為A。
2.C 推理判斷。根據(jù)文章的第三、四段可知，Matthew對自己的未來充滿了憧憬和希望，夢想未來參加奧運會奪取金牌，因此我們可判斷：他面對疾病表現(xiàn)的非常樂觀。
3. D推理判斷。 在第四段中，Matthew說，他將來自己要奪取金牌，讓作者看看�？梢奙atthew的自尊心非常強，他不愿意被別人同情。
4. B 推理判斷。根據(jù)Mathew的來信的第一句可判斷最佳答案為B。
【考場秘招】根據(jù)事實進行推理和判斷的能力是高考能力考查的范圍之一。Matthew來信的第一句為：My mom said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me.，由此我們可以推斷，在那次見面以后，作者曾給Matthew寄過照片，換言之“他們保持著聯(lián)系”。
【押題4】I moved into a new house in July. Since then I have met a few of my neighbors who are very nice people. For Christmas, I thought I would do something nice for each of the neighbors I know. There were nine neighbors whom I knew by name or spoke with often when I was out in my yard. I knew which houses they lived in.
I decided to add one more to my list. This lady I decided to add lives down the street from me. I meet her every morning walking to work as I drive down the street. She always smiles to me. But I had no idea who she was and which house she lived in.
I planned to make
small fruit baskets and leave them on my neighbor's front porches(門廊) on Christmas Eve. I signed the cards: "Happy
Holidays from
I saved the last for the friendly lady. I finally decided on a house where I met her each morning and guessed that it was hers.
My neighbors really appreciated the baskets and would tell me as they saw me in the yard or they would call, and a couple even came by to thank me.
This morning I found a
small note in the mailbox. It was addressed simply: Resident,
The Thank You card really caught me by surprise. I opened it and read the message, "Thank you for the lovely fruit basket you left on our porch. It was very thoughtful. Richard Kelly passed away last week. He talked a lot about how nice it was that someone remembered him in his time of illness. He really appreciated it."
I had no idea who Richard Kelly was and that he had been seriously ill. I had left that nice lady's basket on his porch by mistake. I wanted to say sorry, but that would be wrong. I believe that Mr. Kelly was meant to have that basket because he was dying. I hate that the nice lady did not get to receive a fruit basket on Christmas, but I believe if she knew what had happened, she would be happy. I feel pleased to have helped Richard Kelly's last days be more cheerful.
1. How many Christmas gifts did the author intend to send?
A. Nine. B. Eight. C. Ten. D. Eleven.
2. Where did the friendly lady live?
A. She lived at the end of
B. Her address was
C. She was thought to share a house with Mr. Kelly.
D. The author was not sure about her address at all.
3. How did the author’s neighbors respond to his gifts?
A. They liked the gifts very much and were thankful.
B. They were thankful that they wanted to be friends.
C. They all made phone calls to say “Thank You”.
D. They all visited him by person to show gratitude.
1. C 細節(jié)理解。第二段的第一句話表明作者要送10份圣誕禮物。
2. D 推理判斷。5104 Northumberland Road是作者的地址，A項錯誤；作者推測那位老太太住在他們通常在早上見面的地方，但是下文說花籃放錯了地方，可見她并不在那里住，故B項也錯誤。由于作者放錯花籃，病中的Mr. Kelly收到了圣誕節(jié)禮物，但是文中沒有談到那位老太太和Mr. Kelly同住一室，因此C項也錯誤�？梢娮髡卟恢滥俏焕咸骄烤棺≡诤翁�。
3. A 推理判斷。在第五、六中談到了作者的鄰居在收到禮物之后的種種反應(yīng)：有的當(dāng)面感謝、有的打電話感謝、有的寄來賀卡，那么概括起來就是：鄰居對作者的舉動充滿感激。
4. B 主旨大意。最后一段的最后一句話為主題句，概括了本段主旨大意，選項B的陳述與最后一句同義。
【考場秘招】文章的主旨大意通常體現(xiàn)在文章的開頭或結(jié)尾。而段落大意也多體現(xiàn)在第一句或最后一句。顯然，我們可以根據(jù)文章的最后一段的最后一句選出最佳答案。
【押題5】Once there was an 11-year-old boy who went fishing with his father in the middle of a New Hampshire lake. On the day before bass(巴斯魚) season opened, they were fishing early in the evening, catching other fish with worms. Then the boy tied on a small silver lure(魚餌) and put it into the lake. Suddenly he felt that something very big pulling on the lure. His father watched with admiration as the boy skillfully brought the fish beside the bank. Finally he lifted the tired fish from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass.
The boy and his father looked at the big fish. The father lit a match and looked at his watch. It was 10 p.m.―two hours before the season opened. He looked at the fish, then at the boy. “You’ll have to put it back, son,” he said.
“Dad!” cried the boy. “There will be other fish,” said his father. “Not as big as this one,” cried the boy. He looked around the lake. No other fishermen or boats were in sight in the moonlight. He looked again at his father.
Even though no one had seen them, nor could anyone ever know what time he had caught the fish, the boy could tell from his father’s voice that the decision couldn’t be changed. He threw the huge bass into the black water. The big fish disappeared. The boy thought that he would never again see such a big fish.
That was 34 years ago.
Today the boy is a successful architect in
And he was right. He has never again caught such a large fish as the one he got that night long ago. But he does see that same fish ... again and again ... every time he has an ethical (道德的) decision to make. For, as his father had taught him, ethics are simple matters of right and wrong. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult.
1. What happened when the big fish turned out to be a bass?
A. The boy and his father discussed what to do with the big fish.
B. The boy threw the bass back into the water willingly.
C. The father lit a match in order to check the time.
D. They worried other fishermen may discover what they had done.
2. From the text we know that the father _________.
A. didn’t love his son
B. always disagreed with his son
C. disliked the huge fish
D. was firm and stubborn
3. The successful architect went fishing with his children at the same place because _______.
A. they might catch a big fish there
B. his was taught a moral lesson there
C. it was a most popular fishing spot
D. their children enjoyed fishing there
4. What does the story imply?
A. It is easy to say something, but difficult to do.
B. An ethical decision is always easy to make.
C. It’s hard to tell right from wrong sometimes.
D. Fishing can help one to make right decisions.
【押題理由】“心靈雞湯”類記敘文是近幾年高考的熱點題材。本文通過記述一個男孩與父親的一次釣魚，揭示了深刻的人生哲理：做人要堅持原則，即使任何人不知道你做了什么。
1. C 細節(jié)理解。 第三段中的“The boy and his father looked at the big fish. The father lit a match and looked at his watch.”為暗示，父親發(fā)現(xiàn)離巴斯魚的“休魚期”結(jié)束還有兩個小時，因此他當(dāng)即決定“You’ll have to put it back, son”。
2. D 推理判斷。由第五段中的句子“the boy could tell from his father’s voice that the decision couldn’t be changed”可判斷，這位父親的態(tài)度非常堅定，不能更改。
3. B 推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段可知，當(dāng)年那個孩子在成年后也帶著自己的孩子來到與父親曾經(jīng)垂釣的湖邊釣魚，他要把父親教給他的做人的道理傳給下一代。
4. A 主旨大意。文章的主旨大意通常在最后一段或最后一句體現(xiàn)出來。本文的寫作目的就隱含在文章的最后一句“For, as his father had taught him, ethics are simple matters of right and wrong. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult.”選項A的陳述與句意相符。
【押題6】 John Blanchard was studying the crowd making their way through the station. He was looking for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with the rose.
When reading a book in
a
He located her address
and wrote a letter introducing himself. The next day he was shipped overseas to
serve in the army. During the next year, they grew to know each other through
the mail and their friendship developed. John requested a photograph, but she
refused, saying if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like.
When the day finally came for him to return home, their first meeting was
suggested―7:00 p.m. at the Grand Central Station in
She wrote, "You'll recognize me by the red rose I wear on my coat." So now John was in the station to meet the girl with a rose.
As a pretty and slim girl in green came over, John noticed her blue eyes like flowers in spring. He walked directly towards her, entirely forgetting she was not wearing a rose. As John came closer to her, he saw another woman with a red rose stood nearby. Well past 40, this woman had graying hair done under a worn hat. Seeing the girl in green walk quickly away, John felt as if he were split(劈開) in two. He desired to follow that girl, but longed for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned and supported him.
The woman looked gentle and sensible. John went to her, saying, "I'm Captain John Blanchard. You must be Miss Maynell. I am glad to meet you here. May I take you to dinner?"
She replied with a smile, "I don't know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat. She said if you asked me out to dinner, I’d tell you she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!"
1. John was eager to know the former owner of the book because ______.
A. He was very interested in the contents of the book.
B. He was impressed by the notes written by the owner.
C. The book offered him practical and valuable advice.
D. There was address of the former owner in the book.
2. What happened to John after getting in touch with Miss Hollis Maynell?
A. He began to serve the army abroad.
B. He was seriously wounded in the war.
C. He went on a business
tour in
D. He asked Miss Maynell for a photo.
3. What do we know about he woman with a rose?
A. She was Miss Maynell’s close companion.
B. She was a conductor working in the station.
C. She knew nothing about John’s appointment.
D. She was paid to carry out a love test on John.
4. Which would be the best title of the text?
A. The Meeting in the Station B. The Girl with a Rose
C. A Soldier and a Girl D. A Meeting of the Heart
【押題理由】本文思想性和趣味性非常強，士兵John面臨一種嚴峻的考驗：究竟應(yīng)該看重女友的外表美還是心靈美呢？文章豐富的思想內(nèi)涵是對學(xué)生的心靈一種陶冶，縝密的邏輯性有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的思維能力。
1. B 推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段的第一、二句可知，書中的批注使John Blanchard對書原來的主人產(chǎn)生了興趣。
2. A 細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的第二句話可知，John Blanchard和Miss Hollis Maynell取得聯(lián)系后，第二天被派到國外參戰(zhàn)。
3. C 推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段可知， 這個佩帶玫瑰的婦女并不知道John Blanchard和Miss Hollis Maynell的約會情況。
4. D 主旨大意。文章從兩人的認識和交往寫起，John經(jīng)過了火車站的考驗，最后通過考驗，可見兩人之所以走到一起是因為“心靈有約”，D揭示了全文的大意。
【考場秘招】在本文中“rose”是John與女友在火車站約會的暗號。在見面時，the woman with a rose是對John Blanchard的嚴峻考驗�？梢姡�rose”是故事發(fā)展的線索。文章最后的結(jié)局表明：心靈的吸引最終幫助John做出正確的選擇，可見文章的題目應(yīng)該是“心靈之約”或“玫瑰之約”。
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