懷仁七中九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案

介詞

1、常見(jiàn)介詞分類

分   類

示       例

表示時(shí)間

in, at ,on, between, since, for ,during, until, till,

by, after  ,from…to    before,past

表示方位

in, at, on behind, beside, between, near ,under, above,

around before ,below ,inside, outside ,next ,to,

among, over,  in front of,  round

表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向

to ,towards ,round ,around ,through ,across , from…to…

into, onto ,out of ,off , along

其 他

by , to ,like ,unlike ,of ,except ,about ,against ,with ,but

minus ,plus,as ,without

考點(diǎn)1、at ,in ,on表時(shí)間

1).at表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)、某一時(shí)刻或年齡。

School begins at 8:00 a.m.

He joined the army at the age of 18

at noon/ at night/ at the weekeng/ at the end of last month

2). in表示時(shí)間段，泛指一般的上午、下午、晚上以及月份、年、季節(jié)、世紀(jì)、人生的某個(gè)時(shí)期等。

in the morning/afternoon/evening   in July    in 1980

in spring      in his fifties    in the twentieth century

3). on表示星期幾或某一具體的日子以及其上午、下午、晚上。

on October 10    On May 2 , 1998     on Friday 

on Saturday morning=on the morning of Saturday

on a rainy night      on Children’s Day

Note: at New Year在新年期間

On New Year’s Day在元旦那天

At Christmas在圣誕節(jié)期間

On Christmas Day在圣誕節(jié)那天

考點(diǎn)2、at  in  on表地點(diǎn)

1).at一般指較小的地方或比較具體的位置。

at the station       at the door

2).in表示在較大的地方或在一個(gè)有限的空間里。

in China   in London   in the classroom

3).on指在某物體的表面上。

on the wall    on the ground

考點(diǎn)3、in  on   to表方位

1).in表示在某地區(qū)范圍之內(nèi)。

Taiwan is in the south of China

2).on表示與某地接壤。

Mongolia is on the north of China.

3).to表示在某地區(qū)范圍之外

Japan is to the east of China.

考點(diǎn)4、after/in

after多跟時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用，可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)。in+時(shí)間段通常表示以說(shuō)話時(shí)或是現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的將來(lái)一段時(shí)間之后，多用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。

Great changes took place in China after liberation.

I’ll go to Jinan after my birthday.

He will come back in two days.

The work will be finished in three weeks.

考點(diǎn)5、with / in /  by表示“用…...”

1).with表示“用”一般指用有形的工具或手段。

He cut the apple into halves with a knife.

We see with our eyes,and hear with our ears.

2).in 表示用某種語(yǔ)言、方式或書(shū)寫(xiě)、繪畫(huà)等所用的材料。

Half the telephone calls in the world are made in English.

Can you see it in English ?

I can work out the problem in another way.

He wrote a letter in blue ink.

3).by 表示用無(wú)形的方式手段。

He taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.

by phone   by hand

I learn English by working with group.

4).by的其他用法

（1）在……旁邊

He sat by the window.

（2）到…….時(shí)為止，不遲于

We will finish the work by Friday.

People say that by the year 2010,the world’s population may be seven billion.

（3）表示“由，被”

The thief was caught by the police.

（4）乘

He goes to school by bus.

考點(diǎn)6、across  , through

1).across“橫過(guò)”表示從某物體的表面經(jīng)過(guò)。

He walked across the street.

Can you swim across the river?

Go across the bridge and turn left.

2).through表示從物體空間或內(nèi)部“穿過(guò)，通過(guò)”

At last they went through the forests.

The thief went into the room throught a window.

2、常見(jiàn)介詞短語(yǔ)歸納

類型

示           例

介詞  +  名詞

at home在家      at school 在上學(xué)        at noon在中午            at night在晚上       at work 在工作             at sea 在大海上     

at the same time 同時(shí)  at times有時(shí)            at breakfast 早餐時(shí)

at midnight在午夜  at the moment 在此刻  after a while 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒

by bus/car/plane…    by the way           by the time  

by mistake          by the door           in hospital

in the hospital        in the end           in order整整齊齊   

in order(to)         in no time            in the daytime         

in turn             in time               in front            

in English          in the future           in fact     

on the way          on Sunday           on show  

on display          on fire               on the other hand       

on foot             on duty              on business      

on board 在船（飛機(jī)）上                on holiday

on the telephone     on time,              on the left/right    

on sale在出售      on watch值班，守望   on the earth在地球上

on one’s way to      with pleasure         with one’s help

be

+形容詞          

+介詞

be amazed at對(duì)……感到驚訝  be angry with 生(某人的）氣 be afraid of 害怕             be busy with忙于做…….  

be full of充滿               be good at 善長(zhǎng)于

be excited about對(duì)……感到興奮  be kind to對(duì)……和善   be interested in 對(duì)……感興趣be famous for 因……而出名

be late for遲到           be pleased with對(duì)……感到滿意

be popular with  受……歡迎  be proud of對(duì)……感到自豪

be ready for 為……準(zhǔn)備好 be satisfied with  對(duì)……滿意

be worried about為……擔(dān)心

動(dòng)

詞

+

介

詞

agree with          ask for            begin with

come from         call at過(guò)來(lái)，順便拜訪 die of 死于

fall off            fill…with          get on/off

drop off           hear from          hear of

go to bed          go to school        look at

look after          listen to           pay for

point to           point at            send for

run across碰到，遇到 talk about        think about

wait for           write to            worry about

laugh at          fall behind          knock at/on

介詞

+

名詞

+

介詞

at the foot of       on the top of          in the middle of

in the front of      in front of             in the east of 

by means of 借助  at the beginning of      at the age of