科目  英語

年級  高一

文件　high1 unit16.doc

標(biāo)題  Unit 16  Fire

章節(jié)  第十六單元

關(guān)鍵詞 高一英語第十六單元

內(nèi)容

Unit 16  Fire

單元重點

  Ⅰ語言要點

    catch fire, (be) on fire, in that case, get burnt, belong to, break out, be out, put out the fire, escape from, lose one’s life, get close to.

  Ⅱ日常交際用語

    Look out! Be careful! Take care ! Never mind. If you…, you will …

  Ⅲ語法

    The past indefinite tense and the past continuous tense.(一般過去時和過去進(jìn)行時)

  eg.1. The fire destroyed the cars.

     2.While the fire fighters was trying to control the fire, holicopters flew to the burning building.

重點難點分析

1.本單元要求學(xué)生圍繞火災(zāi)這一日常生活中與人民生命財產(chǎn)密切相關(guān)的題材，完成聽、說讀、寫的任務(wù)，所以下列詞組很重要，請學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用。

  ▲Catch fire /be on fire著火

    ①The pan was so hot that the oil in it caught fire.鍋太熱了，里面的油著了。

    ②Once the pan is on fire, the first thing you do is to turn the gas off .一旦油鍋著了，你首先該做的是把煤氣關(guān)掉。

  ▲control fire控制火勢

    ①The fire was too strong for them to control.火勢太大了，他們控制不了。

    ②Firefighters came quickly so that the fire was controled.消防員很快趕到控制了火勢。

  ▲discovery a fire.發(fā)現(xiàn)火警

    If you discovery a fire, break the glass to sound the fire alarm.如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)了火災(zāi)，打碎玻璃去弄響火警鈴報警。

  ▲put out the fire滅火

    Who helped you to put out the fire?誰幫助你們把火撲滅了？

  ▲escape from the fire逃離火境

    They tried their best to escape from the fire, but they failed.他們努力想逃離火境，但帶是失敗了。

  ▲make a fire.生火  set…on fire使……燃燒著火

    fire alarm. 火警警報   fire exit出口   fire escape（火警時用的）太平梯

  2.Is the fire out ?火滅了嗎？

    反義：Is the fire sill burning?火還著著嗎？

  3.You might get burnt and you might drop the pan of burning oil.

    你可能被火燒傷；也可能因為太燙而把鍋扔了。

    might表示可能性possible

  eg. Jane might come later, but I don’t think she will. 珍妮可能來得晚些，但我想她不愿這樣。

  4.In that case, you wouldn’t have a pan on fire. 如果那樣的話，就不僅僅是一口鍋著火了。

    ①You haven’t finished your work. In that case, you aren’t allowed to leave.

    即然你還沒完成工作，就不許走。

    ②The room is full of smoke. In that case, you’d better call 119 immediately.如果整個房間的都是煙了，這種情況下你最好馬上打119.

  5.Or you may be trapped by the fire. ……否則你可能被大火困住。

    ①He couldn’t return in time because he was trapped by something difficult.

    他身陷麻煩之中，所以不能及時回來了。

    ②The police trapped a thief down narrow street from which he couldn’t escape.警察把賊堵在一條小胡同里，使他無路可逃。

    6.The fire also destroyed ears which belonged to people who worked in the building.

    大火也燒毀了那些在這座大樓里工作的人們的汽車/

    這句話中有兩個定語從句，1個是which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾cars.另1個是who引導(dǎo)的worked in the building,限定people兩個關(guān)連詞作定語從句的主語，所以不能被省略。

    belong to：屬于，沒有被動語態(tài)

    ①China belongs to developing country.中國屬于發(fā)展中國家。

    ②I gave it to you as a gift. So it belong to you from mow on.我把它做為禮物遞給你，從現(xiàn)在起它是你的了。

    7.the fire broke out on the 11^th floor.

    break out =start通常指戰(zhàn)爭火災(zāi)等大事件的突然爆發(fā)。

    ①The first World War broke out in 1914. 1914一戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)

    8.an electrical fire:電路走火

    9.Below the 11^th floor people were able to escape into the street .

    escape vt.vi.n.逃跑 通常和from連用,做及物動詞逃脫、逃避講時后跟名詞n或動名詞ving.

    ①He had a marrow escape from eleath.他幸免于一死。

    ②Every large theatre should have fire escapes.每座大劇院都該有太平門。

    ③The gas is escaping somewhere.什么地方漏氣了

    ④None of the criminals escaped punishment/being punished.罪犯一個也沒有逃脫懲罰。

    10.…but it was impossible to control it .

    …it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.

    …but it was impossible for them to get close enough.

    ▲It is /was impossible(possible),necessary, important) for sb. To do sth.對某人來說，做某事不可能（有可能，很必要，很重要）

    It is /was +adj for sb to do sth和It is /was +adj sb to do sth的區(qū)別。

    eg. ①It is necessary for students to listen English every day.對學(xué)生來說每天聽英語很必要。

    這句話表示to listen English is necessary是對動作的評價

    ②It is kind of you to help me. 你來幫我太好了。

    這句話表示“you are kind”是對人的主觀評價。

    ▲get close (to )接近

    11.There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.

    有那么多人在街上觀看以至消防隊員根本無法靠近大樓。

    “watching”在這里是分詞做伴隨，表示“There were many people in the street. They were watching the fire.”

    eg. The professor put his finger into mouth, looking rather pleased.

    教授把手指放在嘴里，很得意的樣子。

    12. The fire lasted about four hours before the firefighters could control it .

    大火燒了4個小時之后消防隊員才將火勢控制住。

    ①The performance lasted two hours.演出持續(xù)了2小時。

    ②This cloth lasts well.這種布很耐穿。

    ③──It has been raining for a week. How long do you think it’ll last ?

    雨已經(jīng)下了一個星期了，你覺得這種天氣還得持續(xù)多久呀？

    13.The whole building was destroyed and over 220 people lost their lives in the fire.

    整座大廈都燒毀了，而且有220多人在大火中喪生。

    lose one’s life喪生

    eg.①M(fèi)ost people lost their lives in the earthquake, Only few of them were rescued.

    大部分人在地震中喪生，只有少數(shù)人獲救。

    ②Thanks to the doctors, he didn’t lost his life in the traffic accident.多虧了醫(yī)生他才沒死于這場交通事故。

過去時和過去進(jìn)行時

    過去時表示在說話前發(fā)生的某一動作，過去進(jìn)行時表示這一動作發(fā)生時，某事正在進(jìn)行中與現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時相對。

    eg. ①While I was running towards the nearest exit, my coat caught fire.當(dāng)我朝最近的出口跑的時候，我的衣服被燒著了。

    ②I was answering a telephone, when the pan was on fire.鍋被燒著時，我正接電話。

    ③The man looked worried because he didn’t know how to sound the fire alarm.

       那個人看起來很著急，因為他不知道怎么弄響警鈴。

    ④As we were walking back, we saw some smoke over the hill.

    我們往回走的時候，看見山上冒煙了。

    過去時的構(gòu)成  主+r.ed.

    過去進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成  主+was /were+ving.

練習(xí)

1.用下列詞組寫一篇小作文，以Fires in Homes為題，然后完成下面的完型填空，從文章中找出下列詞的同義詞。

    break out, fire department, put out, escape from, be careful, lose one’s life, last firefighter, discover.

Fires in Homes

    What should you do if your house catches a fire ? Warn the   ①  and get out as   ②as possible. Don’t stop   ③your things,   ④call 119 at once.

    ……

    Most fire―safety experts suggested that bedroom doors   ⑤at night. Can you think why? If a fire breaks out at might, if often burns for a long time   ⑥it is discovered. Hall ways（過道）sometimes become   ⑦smoke and poisonous(有毒的)gases. A closed door prevents these from

  ⑧the bedroom   ⑨someone may be sleeping.

    If you should wake up   ⑩and smell smoke, remain calm(冷靜).Go to the bedroom door and

  ⑾it .If it is warm or hot,   ⑿it.There is fire in the hall. Wake up  ⒀of the family. Then go to the window. If you can do so safely,  ⒁down, But don’t jump   ⒂as a last resont（手段）,Wait for help. If the door is not warm, open it . And make your  ⒃  care fully out of the house.

    1.A.home              B. house         C. family               D. members

    2.A.quick              B. well           C. far                    D. quickly

    3.A. save        B. to save              C. saving               D. saved

    4.A.but          B. and           C. than                  D. or

    5.A. closed     B. be closed    C. close                 D. closing

    6.A. before     B. after          C. unless               D. within

    7.A. covered   B. filled with  C. full                   D. enough

    8.A. enter              B. entering     C. to enter             D. enter into

    9.A. that         B. which        C. on which           D. where

    10.A.one day  B. some night C. some day           D. some mights

    11.A. open      B. feel            C. close                 D. catch

    12.A. some     B. do open      C. close                 D. don’t open

    13.A. some     B. many         C. most                 D. the rest

    14.A. climb    B. walk          C. jump                 D. fall

    15.A. beside   B. besides       C. except               D. except that

    16.A. things   B. decisien      C. way                 D. record

    1―5 C D B A B   6―10 A B B D B 11―16 B D D A C C

注釋

    2.quickly修飾動詞warn盡快叫醒所有人并且逃到屋外去。

    3.stop to save停下來去收拾東西。  “stop doing”表示“停止做”

    4.Don’t stop to save …,but call…“不要……而去做”

    5.suggest sb (should )do sth.    The door should be closed

    8.prevent from doing sth =stop from doing sth

    14.如果你能安全地爬下，就亦窗口下去，不到萬不得已千萬不要跳窗戶。