閱讀理解

The first English dictionary was published in 1604. The dictionary was actually nothing more than a list of about 3,000 difficult words, each followed by a one-word definition (定義，解說). The author (作者), Robert Cawdrey, made no attempt to include everyday words in his dictionary. No one, he reasoned (推理，思考), would ever have to look up a word in a dictionary if he already knew the meaning of the word．During the 1600's more dictionaries were published．Each followed Cawdrey's lead and presented a few thousand hard words. Around 1700 one dictionary maker, John Kersey, did define (下定義，精確地解釋詞的意義) easy words as well as hard words. But until the 1750's all the dictionaries were rather crude (精制濫選的，不完善的) and not very valuable (有價(jià)值的).

　　A man named Dr. Samuel Johnson changed all this. In 1755 Dr. Johnson produced the first modern dictionary. He included in his dictionary all important words, both easy and hard, and he gave good meanings. He also gave good sentences to show how each word was actually used in speech and in writing. By the end of the 1700's most dictionary makers had followed Johnsons's example. Dictionaries were getting better and better.

　　The 1800's saw the greatest improvement (提高，改善) in the quality of dictionaries. In England scholars (學(xué)者) planned and prepared the Oxford English Dictionary , a twenty-volume (卷，冊(cè)，部) work. One of the most interesting features (特點(diǎn)，特征) of the Oxford Dictionary is its word histories. It traces (追溯，探索) the history of each word from its earlier recorded use up to the time of the printing of the dictionary.

(1)The first English Dictionary ________.

[　　]

A．defined easy words as well as hard ones

B．was just a list of difficult words with one-word definitions

C．included a number of everyday words

D．was considered to be a very valuable one

(2)According to the passage, before 1755 all English dictionaries ________.

[　　]

A．were of no value

B．only defined hard words

C．defined both easy words as well as hard words

D．were far from being perfect

[　　]

(3)Which of the following is not true about Dr. Johnson's dictionary?

A．It was not very valuable.

B．It was the first modem English dictionary.

C．It included easy words as well as hard ones.

D．It gave sentences to show the usage of words.

(4)The most interesting feature of the Oxford Dictionary was that ________.

[　　]

A．it had a complete list of difficult words

B．it gave sentences showing how each word was actually used

C．it was a 20-volume work

D．it showed the history of each word

(5)This passage is mainly about ________.

[　　]

A．the difference of English Dictionaries

B．the origin of English Dictionaries

C．the development of English Dictionaries

D．the features of English Dictionaries

答案：B;D;A;D;C
解析：

(1) B 文中第一段第二句可推知，這部詞典每個(gè)單詞后跟有一個(gè)詞作為解釋.

(2) D 第一段主要談?wù)?/FONT>1755年以前的詞典.

(3) A 由文章第二段可知B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)與原文相符.

(4) D 文章最后一段第三句可推知.

(5) C 全文按時(shí)間順序講述詞典的發(fā)展過程及各個(gè)階段的特點(diǎn).


練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：2004年高考紅皮書·英語 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　New York: When the first jet struck Building 1 World Trade Center at 8: 48 a. m. on Tuesday, the people in Building 2 World Trade Center with a view if the instant damage across the divide had the clearest sense of what they, too, must do: get out fast.

　　Katherine Ilachinski, who had been knocked off her chair by the blast of heat exploding from the neighbour tower, was one of those. Despite her 70 years of age, Mr Ilachinski, an architect working on the 91st floor of Building 2 World Trade Center, the south tower, went for the stairs. Twelve floors above her, Judy Wein, an executive (經(jīng)理), screamed and set off too.

　　But others up and down the 110 floors, many without clear views of the damage across the way and thus unclear about what was happening, were not so sure. And the 18 minutes before the next plane would hit were ticking off.

　　Amid the uncertainty about what was the best thing to do, formal announcements inside the south tower instructed people to stay put, assuring (使……確信) them that the building was sound and the thread was limited to the other tower.

　　Some left, others stayed. Some began the climb down and, when met with more announcements and other cautions (警告)to stop or return, went back up. The decisions made in those instants proved to be of great importance, because many who chose to stay were doomed (注定死亡) when the second jet crashed into the south tower, killing many and stranding many more in the floors above where the jet hit.

　　One of those caught in the indecision was the executive at Fuji Bank USA.

　　Richard Jacobs of Fuji Bank left the 79th floor with the other office workers, but on the 48th floor they heard the announcement that the situation was under control. Several got in the lifts and went back up, two minutes or so before the plane crashed into their floor.

　　“I just don't know what happened to them. ”Mr Jacobs said.

1．From the passage, we know that the south tower was hit by the plane ________.

[　　]

A．a(chǎn)t 8: 30

B．18 minutes earlier than the north tower

C．a(chǎn)t around 9: 06

D．a(chǎn)t 8: 48

2．The underlined words “stay put” means ________.

[　　]

A．stay in the building

B．leave at once

C．put everything back and leave

D．keep silent

3．Which floor was hit by the second jet?

[　　]

A．the 91st floor.
B．the 103rd floor.
C．the 60th floor.
D．the 79th floor.

4．Fewer people would have died if ________.

[　　]

A．more announcements had been made

B．people hadn't used the lift

C．the incident had happened on a weekend

D．the people had obeyed the office rules

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：山東省日照市2009屆高三模擬考試(英語) 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　The first field season is now over at the hut village of the workmen who built the tombs in the Valley of the Kings．However, the archaeologists working on the excavation(挖掘)have found that they still have a great deal to do．The sun, the wind and tourists have left their mark on the village, originally discovered by Bernard Bruyhre in 1935．

　　“From our modern perspective, it is upsetting to see how the village was first excavated and then left to be destroyed．Passers-by have used the huts as rubbish dumps and restrooms,”says Jaana Toivari－Viitala, a teacher at the University of Helsinki．“Fortunately, while we still have some surface cleaning to do, conservation are off to a good start．”

　　The hut viliage offers rare insight into everyday life in ancient Egypt．

　　“In the early twentieth century, archaeologists were only interested in the tombs of kings．The workmen's huts they discovered were seen as a necessary evil in the quest for the real trea sures．”

　　“Now several international research groups on different excavations are examining everyday life and work in the Valley of the Kings．This seems to be a trend in archaeology right now．”Toivari-Viitala says．

　　Her research group wants to find out why the hut village was built on the slope of a mountain, halfway between the construction site and Deir-el-Medina．They are also interested in how many workers lived in the village at a time, when they lived there, and what their role was in the construction work．

　　“Comparing the names found in the village and in Deir-el-Medina provides useful information．Judging from the construction methods, settlement in the village can be divided into two separate periods：the initial settlement and a later one．”

　　For the time being, much is up to guessing, but Toivari-Viitala believes that the coming four field seasons, three months each, will see results．

　　“The working conditions are not nearly as difficult as I thought they would be．The cool winds in the mountains nicely alleviate the heat．”

　　The research group working on the“Workmen's huts in the Theban mountains”project is planning to return to the Valley of the Kings in October．

(1)

What does the passage mainly talk about?

[　　]

A．

The hut village in the Valley of the Kings．

B．

The excavation of the tombs in the Valley．

C．

The archaeologists working on the excavation．

D．

Everyday life and work in the Valley of the Kings．

(2)

Which of the following is NOT true of the hut village according to the passage?

[　　]

A．

It has been damaged a lot．

B．

It can tell us a lot about ancient Egypt．

C．

It has attracted archaeologists'attention．

D．

It has a lot of real treasures somewhere in it．

(3)

What's the new trend in archaeology right now according to Toivari-Viitala?

[　　]

A．

Being interested in the tombs of kings．

B．

Examining everyday life and work in the Valley of the Kings．

C．

Using the huts as rubbish dumps and restrooms．

D．

Guessing what the result will be beforehand．

(4)

From the passage we know that the author is one of ________．

[　　]

A．

the workmen who built the tombs in the Valley of the Kings

B．

the archaeologists working on the excavation of the village

C．

those in favour of Toivari-Viitala's ideas and plans

D．

the passers-by who used the huts as dumps and restrooms

(5)

We can infer from the passage that ________

[　　]

A．

people know little about the hut village by now

B．

the workmen's huts were not discovered until very recently

C．

the research group working on the workmen's huts will suffer a lot

D．

the hut village is much more valued by archaeologists than the tombs

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：江西省吉水二中2010屆高三上學(xué)期第三次月考英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　It was Monday, Mrs Smith’s dog was hungry, but there was not any meat in the house．Considering that there was no better way, Mrs Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on it,“Give my dog half a pound of meat．”Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently,“Take this to the butcher, and he’s going to give you your lunch today．”

　　Holding the piece of paper in its mouth, the dog ran to the butcher’s shop．It gave the paper to the butcher．The butcher read it carefully, recognized that it was really the lady’s handwriting and presently did as he was asked to．The dog was very happy, and ate the meat up immediately．

　　At midday, the dog came to the shop again．It gave the butcher a piece of paper again．After reading it, he gave it half a pound of meat once more．

　　The next day, the dog came again exactly at midday．And as usual, it brought a piece of paper in the mouth．This time, the butcher did not take a look at the paper, and gave the dog its meat, for he had regarded the dog as one of his customers．

　　But, the dog came again at four o’clock．And the same thing happened once again．To the butcher’s more surprise, it came for the third time at six o’clock, and brought with it a third piece of paper．The butcher felt a bit puzzled．He said to himself,“This is a small dog．Why does Mrs Smith give it so much meat to eat today?”

　　Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were not any words on it!

(1)

Mrs Smith treated her little dog quite ________．

[　　]

A．

cruelly

B．

kindly

C．

badly

D．

unfairly

(2)

It seemed that the dog knew well that the paper its master gave it ________．

[　　]

A．

might do it much harm

B．

could do it much good

C．

would give the butcher some meat

D．

was worth many pounds

(3)

The butcher did not give any meat to the dog ________．

[　　]

A．

when he found the words on the paper were not very clear

B．

because he happened to have sold out all the meat in his shop

C．

before he felt sure that the words were really written by Mrs Smith

D．

until he was paid enough by Mrs Smith

(4)

From its experience, the dog found that ________．

[　　]

A．

only the paper with Mrs Smith’s words on it could bring it meat

B．

the butcher would give the meat to it whenever he saw it

C．

a piece of paper could bring him half a pound of meat

D．

Mrs Smith would pay for the meat it got from the butcher

(5)

At the end of the story, you’ll find that ________．

[　　]

A．

the butcher found himself cheated by the smart animal

B．

the dog was clever enough to write on the paper

C．

the dog dared not go to the butcher’s any more

D．

the butcher was told not to give any meat to the dog

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：上海市吳淞中學(xué)2011屆高三上學(xué)期第二次月考英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　Can you remember the first time you learned to ride a bike or drive a car? Learning these skills changed your life forever and opened up new horizons．Learning about computers can be like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car．Once you have invested the time to master the skills, you will never go back to the old days．The new technology is simply too convenient and too powerful．

　　Technological developments through the years have enabled us to do more with less effort．We have continuously looked for better ways of doing things．Each invention and new development has allowed us to extend our capabilities．Today we see one of the most dramatic technologies ever developed－the computer．It extends the capabilities of our minds．

　　Computers have saved organizations millions of dollars．Furthermore, these same computer systems have opened up new opportunities that would have gone undiscovered or neglected．The computer may multiply what we can do, and the return on investment is high．The growth of computer usage is surprising．On the other hand, the computer can do serious damage．Invasion of privacy, fraud(欺詐), and computer-related mistakes are just a few shocking examples．

　　The computer is like a double-edged sword．It has the ability to cut us free from some activities, but it can also cut deep into profits, personal privacy, and our society in general．How it is used is not a function of technology．It is strictly a function of how people decide to use or misuse this new technology．The choice is yours, and only through a knowledge of computer systems will you be able to avoid the dangers while enjoying the many, many benefits of the computer age．

(1)

The writer thinks learning about computers is like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car because ________．

[　　]

A．

it is simple and practical

B．

it needs a lot of practice

C．

it leads people to new life experiences

D．

it takes much time to master the skills

(2)

According to the passage, computers bring people the following benefits except ________．

[　　]

A．

avoiding mistakes

B．

saving money

C．

making money

D．

opening up opportunities

(3)

According to the writer, the bad effects of computers can be avoided if we ________．

[　　]

A．

have sound knowledge of computer systems

B．

tell people not to misuse computers

C．

have strict rules over the use of computers

D．

make more investments in the technology

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：四川省樹德協(xié)進(jìn)中學(xué)2011-2012學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　Shay asked, “Do you think they’ll let me play?” Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence．

　　Shay’s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much．The boy looked around and said, “We’re losing by six runs(分)and the game is in the eighth inning(局)．I guess he can be on our team and we’ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning．

　　Shay struggled over to the team’s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart．The boys saw the father’s joy at his son being accepted．

　　In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay’s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three．In the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field．Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field．In the bottom of the final inning, Shay’s team scored again．Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat．Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?

　　Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat．Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible．The first pitch(投)came and Shay missed．The pitcher again again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay．As the pitch came in, Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher．

　　The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game．Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates, The audience and the players from both teams started screaming, “Shay, run to first! ”Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wide-eyed and shocked．．

　　Everyone should, “Run to second!” Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second．By the time Shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team, who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time, could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitcher’s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head．

　　All were screaming，“Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay．” Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “Shay, run to third．” As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying, “Shay, run home！”Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game for his team．

　　That day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece true love and humanity into this world．Shay didn’t make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!

(1)

Not expecting much, Shay’s father still asked the boy if Shay could play, mainly because the father __________．

[　　]

A．

noticed some of the boys on the field were heisting

B．

guessed his presence would affect the boy’s decision

C．

learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well

D．

understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted

(2)

In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys __________．

[　　]

A．

believed they were sure to win the game

B．

would like to help Shay enjoy the game

C．

found Shay was so eager to be a winner

D．

fell forced to give Shay another chance

(3)

The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head, probably because that boy __________．

[　　]

A．

was obviously aware of the pitcher’s purpose

B．

looked forward to winning the game for his team

C．

failed to throw the ball to the second baseman

D．

saw that Shay already reached second base

(4)

Which of the following has nothing to do with Shay’s becoming the hero for his team?

[　　]

A．

The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman．

B．

The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him．

C．

The opposing players failed to stop his running to home．

D．

One of the opposing players ran to help him．

(5)

What do you think is the theme of the story?

[　　]

A．

True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other．

B．

Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled．

C．

Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents．

D．

The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players．

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案