2.More people are dying from hepatitis(肝炎)than AIDS and tuberculosis,warns World Health Organization.The World Health Organization(WHO)has urged for action to wipe out hepatitis as ongoing illness worsens.
In its first global report on the infection,it said the number of people dying from treatable forms of the disease,often caused by alcohol and drug abuse,is rising.Viral hepatitis is believed to have killed 1.34million people in 2015,and amount similar to that of tuberculosis.
But while those are both falling,hepatitis deaths are on the rise-increasing by 22 percent since the turn of the century.
However,most of the 325 million people infected are completely unaware they have the virus and some lack life-saving medicines.As a result,millions of people are at risk of a slow progression to chronic liver disease,cancer and even death,the WHO warned,Margaret Chan,director general of the WHO,said:"Viral hepatitis is now a major public health challenge that requires an urgent response."
The two most common forms,which are responsible for 96per cent of deaths from the disease,are hepatitis B(HBV)and hepatitis C (HCV)
HBV can be passed on through unprotected sex and bodily fluids(液體).It requires life-long treatment with a drug commonly used to battle HIV.New infections of this type of the disease are falling,thanks to a vaccine given to 84per cent of newborns across the world.However,just nine per cent of sufferers know they are infected,meaning many go under the radar and miss out on treatment
HCV,usually spread through blood-to-blood contact with an infected person,can be cured relatively swiftly,but many patients across the world are unable to afford the medication.Around 1.75million people were newly infected with HCV in 2015,bringing the global total to 71 million,figures suggests.But four fifths of those infected with this type of the disease are unaware they are suffering,the WHO warned Experts looking at the cases have identified unsafe healthcare procedure and injection drug use as the top causes.Gottfried Hirnschall,director of WHO's Department of HIV and the Global Hepatitis Programme,said the WHO was working with governments,drugmakers and diagnostics companies to improve access.
He added:More countries are making hepatitis services available for people in need-a diagnostic test cost less than﹩1(78p)and the cure for hepatitis C can be below﹩200 (£156).But the data clearly highlight the urgency with which we must address the remaining gaps in testing and treatment.
Charles Gore,president of the World Hepatitis Alliance,said:"For the first time in the history of viral hepatitis,we have an understanding of the true impact of the disease."
56.Who are likely to die from the treatable hepatitis?D
A.Those taking medicines
B.Those suffering from cancer
C.Those caring their illnesses
D.Those being heavy drinkers
57.What can we learn about hepatitis B?A
A.Patients need to take drugs for the rest of their lives
B.People will not get the new infections due to a vaccine
C.Patients can be cured effectively at a costly price
D.People will get infected through blood accidentally
58.According to the statistics in 2015,which of the following statements is TRUE?D
A.Hepatitis C is responsible for 96 percent of deaths
B.Around 1.75 million people were newly infected with hepatitis
C.Most of those infected with HCV are aware they are suffering
D.Tuberculosis is believed to have killed more than 1 million people
59.The main purpose of writing the passage isC.
A.to call on the public to fight with hepatitis
B.to request the public to care about the hepatitis patients
C.to warn the public to learn of the danger of the disease
D.to persuade the public to take regular examinations yearly.
分析 本文講述了一些危險(xiǎn)的疾病,如肝炎、肺結(jié)核.作者通過描述各種疾病的死亡人數(shù),警告公眾了解這些疾病的危險(xiǎn)性.
解答 56-59.DADC
56.D 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"the number of people dying from treatable forms of the disease,often caused by alcohol and drug abuse"可知,嚴(yán)重酗酒會(huì)導(dǎo)致患肝炎死亡.故選D.
57.A 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"It requires life-long treatment with a drug commonly used to battle HIV"可知,得了 hepatitis B的人要終身服用藥物.故選A.
58.D 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解.根據(jù)"Around 1.75million people were newly infected with HCV in 2015"可知,2015年有一百多萬人得了肺結(jié)核而死.故選D.
59.C 考查主旨大意.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,作者通過描述各種疾病的死亡人數(shù),是要警告公眾了解一些疾病的危險(xiǎn)性.故選C.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 閱讀理解考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.