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Imagine when you are sailing an ocean for the first time, you see a big fish swimming near your ship. You might be scared, and worried about whether it will turn over your ship for a meal. In fact, it is not a fish at all, but a gentle giant whale.
Whales are not fishes but mammals (哺乳動物). Their body temperature stays the same, and does not change with the temperature of their environment. They breathe air, so they have to come out of the water to get oxygen. Thus, they cannot afford to fall into a sleeping state for too long, since they need to be awake in order to breathe. It is thought that only half of their brains sleep at a time, so that whales are never completely asleep. Females give birth to the young. They have hair. Although they are not covered in hair or fur like many mammals, whales have some bristles (胡子), usually on their heads.
Whales are highly social animals with complex languages and intelligence. They communicate with each other using romantic sounds, called “whale songs”. Being so large and powerful, these sounds are also loud.
Whales are endangered as a result of whaling (捕鯨) from the eleventh century to the twentieth. It has attracted the attention of environmentalists and some measures (措施) have been taken to protect whales.
小題1:How many aspects show that whales are mammals?
A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.
小題2:We can infer from the second paragraph that ____.
A．whales can breathe in the water
B．if a whale sleeps too long, it will get drowned
C．in order to breathe, whales never sleep
D．whales give birth to the young on the land
小題3: How do whales communicate with each other?
A．By body language.B．By speaking languages.
C．By making song-like sounds.D．By giving off a smell.
小題4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Whales are cold-blooded mammals like fishes.
B．Whales are hunted for food by people.
C．Whales are very harmful to human beings.
D．Whales are in danger because of being killed by people.

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:D

試題分析：本文介紹了鯨魚的基本信息以及鯨魚所面臨的現(xiàn)狀。
小題1:D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段Their body temperature stays the same和They breathe air,和Females give birth to the young.以及Although they are not covered in hair or fur like many mammals, whales have some bristles (胡子), usually on their heads.可知一共提及了4個原因說明鯨魚是哺乳動物。故D正確。
小題2:B 推理題。根據(jù)第二段3,4行Thus, they cannot afford to fall into a sleeping state for too long, since they need to be awake in order to breathe.可知鯨魚是不可能長時間睡覺的，因為他們需要氧氣。不然會被淹死的。故B正確。
小題3:C 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段They communicate with each other using romantic sounds, called “whale songs”. Being so large and powerful, these sounds are also loud.可知鯨魚是通過聲音進行交流的。故C正確。
小題4:.D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句Whales are endangered as a result of whaling (捕鯨) from the eleventh century to the twentieth.可知鯨魚的危險主要是因為捕殺。故D正確。
點評：本文介紹了鯨魚的基本信息以及鯨魚所面臨的現(xiàn)狀。本文考查細節(jié)題為主，細節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關的信息?或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時使用的具體事實、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關的詞語或句子，再對相關部分進行分析對比，找出答案。
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