13．A new eight-kilometre road is under construction that links the port area with the motorway system．It is expected to carry 20，000trucks and cars a day，which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city．As part of the project，two four-kilometre road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city，one for traffic to the north and the other for traffic to the south．The two tunnels are about 20metres below the surface and are 12metres wide，providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction．
In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel．The lighting is at the top of the tunnel，practically at its highest point．There will also be electronic signs at frequent intervals （間隔）．They show traffic conditions ahead，and can be seen clearly by drivers．The wall is made up of four main elements，which include a waterproofing covering and，on the inside of the tunnel，a concrete lining （混凝土襯砌）．
Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat．The surface of the road lies on the base，which is made of concrete and steel．The drainage system （排水系統(tǒng)），just below the road surface on one side，removes any extra liquid，particularly water．In the event of fire，the fire main，which is made of steel，pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the length of the tunnel．The fire main is at the side of the tunnel，and at the level of the road surface．Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones．
28．Each of the tunnels under construction isD．
A．eight kilometers long and twelve metres wide    
B．eight kilometers long and six metres wide
C．four kilometers long and twelve metres wide     
D．four kilometers long and six metres wide
29．Which part of the tunnel in the diagram is used to pipe out extra water？C
A.1           
B.3            
C.5         
 D  6
30．Driving in the tunnel，one can know the traffic conditions ahead throughB．
A．the lights
B．the electronic signs
C．the trucks and cars 
D．the emergency phones
31．The passage is mainly aboutD．
A．the construction of a road 
B．the design of a road
C．the construction of two tunnels 
D．the design of two tunnels．

分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀．文章主要介紹了兩個隧道的設(shè)計．簡單介紹了隧道的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)．

解答 28-31 DCBD
28．D．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)"As part of the project，two four-kilometre road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city，one for traffic to the north and the other for traffic to the south．The two tunnels are about 20metres below the surface and are 12metres wide"可知每個隧道都是四公里長六米寬．故選D．
29．C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)"The drainage system （排水系統(tǒng)），just below the road surface on one side，removes any extra liquid，particularly water．"可知圖中5用于輸送額外的水．故選C．
30．B．推理判斷題．根據(jù)"There will also be electronic signs at frequent intervals （間隔）．They show traffic conditions ahead，and can be seen clearly by drivers．"可知電子信號的作用是顯示交通狀況．故選B．
31．D．主旨大意題．縱覽全文并根據(jù)"As part of the project，two four-kilometre road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city，one for traffic to the north and the other for traffic to the south．"可知文章主要介紹了兩個隧道的設(shè)計．故選D．

點評 本文是一篇科教類閱讀．此類題型主要考查學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力．細節(jié)理解題是針對文中某個細節(jié)、某句話或某部分具體內(nèi)容設(shè)置問題，所以在做細節(jié)理解題時要結(jié)合原文和提干有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，再結(jié)合選項選出正確答案．在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要聯(lián)系上下文根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．在做主旨大意題時考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點，確定主旨．

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