The smell of fresh air is becoming something of a distant memory, thanks to our increasing use of fragrance (香氣). From air fresheners to scented (有香味的) candles, we live in a world of scent.
Recent figures show seven in ten people use air fresheners or scented candles to keep our homes smelling sweet. Yet recent records suggest that perfumed products could affect our health, causing problems including allergies (過敏), headaches and asthma (哮喘) .
One leading expert believes nearly a third of people suffer health effects from being exposed to scents. A major problem is so-called “contact” allergy—where perfumes and scented products cause eczema (濕疹) when they come into contact with the skin. About one in 20 is thought to be affected by fragrance allergy.
“Often it may not be immediately obvious that you have developed a fragrance allergy,” says Dr. Baron. “You don’t react immediately. Gradually, as you are exposed more and more, the body increases its reaction, until it becomes noticeable to you.”
People with pre-existing eczema are particularly vulnerable (易受影響). “The eczema worsens in areas in contact with perfumes,” says Dr. Baron. “But even those without allergies can be at risk of fragrance allergy.” You can become suddenly allergic to perfumes and personal care products that you have been using for years. “Even if you know which fragrance causes a problem, it can be difficult to avoid, as most personal care products –soap, shampoo, sun cream and washing powder—contain fragrances,” says Dr. Baron.
And strong scents can also cause headaches. Fragrances activate the nose’s nerve cells, stimulating the nerve system associated with head pain. To minimize risk, sufferers are advised to minimize the contact.
“Fragrance suggest cleanliness – yet people are smelling a potentially dangerous chemical mixture,” says Anne Steinemann, professor of the University of Washington. “We often use them to mask one problem – as with air fresheners – but create a greater one – adding poisonous chemicals to the air.”
57．What is the text mainly about?
A．The world trend of using fragrance.
B．The benefits of using non-fragranced products.
C．The health problems caused by fragrance
D．The ways of removing allergy.
58．According to Dr. Baron, .
A．our bodies have an immediate reaction to fragrance.
B．seven in ten have suffered fragrance allergy.
C．fragrance can affect people who don’t have allergy
D．people can avoid contacting with fragrance easily
59．Which of the following questions does the text NOT answer?
A．Which products contain fragrance?
B．What’s the influence of fragrance in the air?
C．What are the air fresheners made up of?
D．How are headaches caused by fragrance?
60．The following paragraph might discuss .
A．the asthma caused by strong scents.
B．people’s efforts to protect fresh air.
C．the methods of curing eczema
D．the bad effects of air fresheners.
57．C
58．C
59．C
60．A
【解析】
試題分析：文章主要講述了現(xiàn)如今我們生活在香味中，而這種香味往往對我們的健康有著不好的影響，能引起哮喘，皮膚過敏，頭疼等癥狀。
57．主旨題。從第二段Yet recent records suggest that perfumed products could affect our health, causing problems including allergies (過敏), headaches and asthma (哮喘) .可知文章主要講述了現(xiàn)如今我們生活在香味中，而這種香味對我們的健康是有影響的，故選C。
58．細節(jié)題。從Dr. Baron. “But even those without allergies can be at risk of fragrance allergy.”可知香味也能影響那些沒有過敏癥狀的人，故選C。
59．細節(jié)題。從全文來看只有最后提到了空氣清新劑，所以并未提及空氣清新劑的組成，故選C。
60．推斷題。文章講到了allergies (過敏), headaches and asthma (哮喘)，前文對過敏和頭疼都有陳述，對asthma (哮喘)并未詳細說明，所以接下來應該是對asthma (哮喘)進行闡述，故選A。
考點：健康類說明文
點評：此類文體對香味所引起的危害進行了說明闡述，對各個主要的危害進行了詳細的說明。本文不難，對于此類的說明文的閱讀，學生需要先采用將第一自然段及下面每段的第一句話進行閱讀，進而看第一題，第一題如果是主旨類的題型可先不做，做第二題。如此帶著問題在文章中找答案，既節(jié)約時間又正確率高。
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It was 3:12 a. m. when nine-year-old Glenn Kreamer awoke to the smell of burning. Except for the crackling（爆裂聲）of flames somewhere below there was not a sound in the two-storey house at Baldwin, Long Island. With his father away on night duty at a local factory, Glenn was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen, 14 and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke filled house to push and pull at Karen and Todd until they sat up. Then he helped each one through the house to the safety of the garden. There, his sister and brother, taking short and quick breaths and coughing, collapsed on the lawn.
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First he filled a bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water over his mother and her bed. Then, with a wet cloth around his head he went back to the garden.
He
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Grasping firmly a ball of string（線繩） from the garage, Glenn raced back into the house and dashed upstairs to his mother’s room. Tying one end of the string to her hand， he ran back, laying out the string as he went, through the hall and back out into the garden.
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【小題1】Why did Glenn run downstairs first?
| A．He wanted to find out what was happening. |
| B．He was worried about his mother’s safety. |
| C．He wanted to save his sister and brother. |
| D．He went to see if his father had come back from work. |
| A．By throwing water all over her and her bed. |
| B．By carrying her to safety with his brother. |
C．By push ing and pulling at her. |
| D．By tying a string to her hand. |
| A．He put a wet cloth around his head. |
| B．He threw water all over himself. |
| C．He hid himself in the bathroom. |
| D．He rushed out to the lawn. |
| A．his father had taught him to do so on the phone |
| B．he had learned something about first aid |
| C．he had dealt with the emergency calmly and wisely |
| D．he had followed his mother’s instruction |
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信息匹配：（共5小題，每題2分，滿分10分）
下面是一篇應用文及其應用場合的信息，請閱讀下列應用文和相關信息，并按照要求匹配信息。并在答題紙上將該選項標號涂黑。選項中有一項是多余的。
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F. One toothpaste ad says “Bright-teeth fights bad breath!” The advertisers want you to read the word “fight” and think that the toothpaste cures bad breath.
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56. Jack A. Just do it!
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