Livestock(牲畜） cloning is the practice of cloning sheep,cattle and other livestock species as a way to improve efficiency. The basic idea behind livestock cloning is to clone animals that have certain qualities,such as cows that produce more milk or meat. 1 However,this practice is very controversial,and livestock farmers have been hesitant to adopt it fully because of public opposition and certain inefficiencies.

   In technical terms,livestock are cloned by taking cells from one animal and using them to fertilize eggs(使卵子受精) .Scientists take the fertilized eggs and put them in female animals. 2 Many animals are bom with abnormal shapes. Scientists are looking for ways to improve the process and make it less expensive to adopt on a wider scale.

   3 For example,if farmers were able to take only their very best animals and recreate them many times,they could potentially be more productive.

   There are also some potential problems with cloned livestock. 4. For example,when a disease hits,there are usually individuals who cannot be harmed by the disease or are more resistant,and they will generally survive. If all the animals were genetically (在基因方面) identical or similar,this sort of disease could totally destroy an entire generation of livestock,leaving the world with a massive food shortage.

   In addition to concerns about genetic diversity,there are other concerns about cloning. 5 There are also some people who worry that livestock cloning research may be a gateway to introducing human cloning,which is widely disapproved of.

   A. Are the surviving clones really clones?

   B. Therefore,the new species is expected to be better.

   C. The biggest one arises from a reduction in genetic diversity.

   D. Cloned livestock have the potential to provide some major benefits.

   E. Cloning animals shows us what might happen if we try to clone humans.

   F. These concerns sometimes come from worries over unforeseen consequences.

   G. This process doesn't always work perfectly,and it can be relatively expensive.

(科普知識(shí)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù))

本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了牲畜克隆技術(shù)。

1. B. 根據(jù)上一句內(nèi)容可知，如果能克 隆出生產(chǎn)更多奶和肉的牛，那么“這 個(gè)新品種應(yīng)該是更好”。

2. G。根據(jù)本空后的Many animals are bom with abnormal shapes ... make it less expensive可知，自前克隆的 “過(guò)程不能總是完美，而且價(jià)格相對(duì) 比較昂貴”。

3. D. 根據(jù)本空后的內(nèi)容不難看出， 這里是介紹克隆牲畜的“好處”。

4. C. 根據(jù)本空后內(nèi)容可知，克隆技術(shù) 會(huì)減少“基因多樣性”，所以當(dāng)擁有 同樣基因的動(dòng)物遭受某種致命疾病 時(shí)，所有的這些動(dòng)物都會(huì)死亡。

5. F。本空前的concerns提示了本題 答案。

題目來(lái)源：2016年英語(yǔ)周報(bào)高三新課標(biāo) > 第39期 2015-2016高三課標(biāo)

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