Question

Employment practices often reflect the needs of employers several decades ago.Times have changed.And so too has the Canadian workforce.Yet many employment practices have not kept pace with this change.For example, some work environments and washrooms designed for able-bodied workers seldom accommodate people who use a wheelchair.
Modernizing these practices is what employment equality is about.For example, making sure work benches and washrooms are adapted for disabled people entering the workplace paves the way for workers who become disabled on the job.By doing so, any given group of people? formerly discriminated against-now has access to better employment opportunities.
The objective, of course, is to make the workplace reflect Canadian society.However, this does not necessarily mean setting and enforcing quotas(實行配額）. Rather, it means identifying the barriers to employment and designing measures, with achievable goals and clear timetables, to remove them.
For example, according to the Canadian Union of Public Employees-Canada’s largest union, it would be unrealistic in the short term to insist that because half of the working age population is women, that half of the employees of an engineering firm should be women.At this moment, there would not be enough qualified female engineers.
A reasonable numerical goal would be based on the number of women who actually are engineers （8% ） and those who are studying to become engineers （25% ）.A short term goal of 13% would be appropriate without running the risk of hiring unqualified people.
Equally important is to ensure people who have been disadvantaged the chance to become qualified for new opportunities.If aboriginal people （土著居民） , for example, can’t qualify for certain jobs because they haven’t had access to appropriate educational opportunities, then an employment equality program would have to address that problem with training programs.
Employment laws in this country cannot be considered displeasing if they guarantee all Canadians fair and equal access to the workforce.

1. 1.
   The passage is mainly about how to ____.
   1. A.
      modernize equipment for the disabled at work
   2. B.
      achieve equality of employment opportunities
   3. C.
      protect women’s rights in employment
   4. D.
      complete a job training program
2. 2.
   The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refers to ____.
   1. A.
      barriers
   2. B.
      measures
   3. C.
      goals
   4. D.
      timetables
3. 3.
   The example of women shows that ____.
   1. A.
      only a small percentage of women engineers will get promoted
   2. B.
      13% of the working age women should be hired as engineers
   3. C.
      policy makers should adopt a practical and flexible approach
   4. D.
      the quota of women for employment should be raised
4. 4.
   The underlined word "address" in Paragraph 6 probably means _
   1. A.
      put forward
   2. B.
      run into
   3. C.
      find out
   4. D.
      deal with

Answer 1

BACD
語篇解讀本文主要就如何實現(xiàn)加拿大的就業(yè)機會平等這個話題進行了討論。
1.主旨大意題。分析文章內(nèi)容可得到答案——1～2 段提到如何改進工作條件，讓殘疾人可以上班；3～5 段講述了如何制定措施消除雇傭障礙；第 6 段則提到如何讓土著居民得到平等就業(yè)的機會。由此可知，B 項是本文的主要內(nèi)容。
2.代詞指代題。根據(jù)這句話前半句可知，這里的 them 指代前面說的障礙barriers。答案： A
3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)四、五兩段有關(guān)女性就業(yè)情況的描述可知，不能因為女性占工作年齡人口的一半就讓女員工占機械廠總員工的一半，而要根據(jù)女性的實際情況來確定雇傭人數(shù)，由此可知 C 項正確。
4.猜測詞義題。根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容以及畫線單詞后面的“that problem with training programs”可知，D 項符合題意，即解決問題。答案： D