Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (決斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.
Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (腦電圖) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (額葉前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of ensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不對(duì)稱) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation.
小題1:The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________.
A．usually has a biological basis
B．varies among people
C．is socially and culturally shaped
D．influences one’s thinking and evaluation
小題2:What changes can be found in an angry brain?
A．Balanced electrical activity can be spotted.
B．Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.
C．Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour.
D．Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition.
小題3:Which of the following is typical of offensive anger?
A．Approaching the source of anger.
B．Trying to control what is disliked.
C．Moving away from what is disliked.
D．Feeling helpless in the face of anger.
小題4:What is the key message of the last paragraph?
A．How anger differs from other emotions.
B．How anger relates to other emotions.
C．Behavioural responses to anger.
D．Behavioural patterns of anger.

小題1:C  
小題2:B
小題3:A
小題4:D

試題分析：文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了生氣在人大腦的額葉前部區(qū)域出現(xiàn)不平衡的圖案以及不同的生氣形式。
小題1:C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第二段The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated.可以判斷“決斗”的例子證明了生氣的表情是社會(huì)和文化形成的。故C正確。
小題2:B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段，尤其But when we are angry the EEG of right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balances …可以判斷在生氣的時(shí)候，大腦的額葉前部區(qū)域發(fā)現(xiàn)不平衡的圖案。故B正確。
小題3:A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章最后一段中The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger.可知典型的攻擊性的生氣是主動(dòng)接近令自己生氣的人或處境。故A正確。
小題4:D考查主旨要義。文章最后一段主要說明了offensive anger和defensive anger兩種不同的生氣形式，故其關(guān)鍵信息是Behavioural patterns of anger。故D正確。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Dear Mom, Clear My Calendar
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Educators are themselves discouraged by the number of special classes that many children attend. In the name of “enrichment,” three-year-olds not only go to preschool in the morning but study French or gymnastics after lunch. One teacher tells of a four-year-old asking for help in the toilet before hurrying off to tennis. Another teacher says that children sometimes hold on to her at pickup time. What happened to unstructured time?
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B．they are popular with children
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D．a(chǎn)fter-school classes are of poor quality
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

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A．promotingB．changingC．enlargingD．increasing
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A．supposedB．concernedC．wantedD．expected
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A．IgnoreB．AskC．EscapeD．Avoid
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A．commonB．indirectC．a(chǎn)ccurateD．specific
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A．unlessB．becauseC．ifD．when
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A．thought B．understandingC．conversationD．saying
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A．responseB．loveC．newsD．a(chǎn)ttitude
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A．fit intoB．put intoC．object toD．respond to
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A．dayB．futureC．failuresD．studies
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A．ExcitingB．DisappointingC．Shocking D．Frightening
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A．fightingB．strugglingC．concerningD．pushing
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A．carrying on withB．holding on toC．keeping up withD．keeping out of
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小題18:
A．partiesB．peopleC．membersD．families
小題19:
A．graspB．findC．hangD．keep
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you want to help children develop language and speech skills, UCLA researchers say, listening to what they have to say is just as important as talking to them.

The effect of a conversation between a child and an adult is about six times as great as the effect of adult speech input(輸入)alone, the researchers found. “Adults speaking to children helps language develop, but what matters much more is the interaction, ”said the study’s lead author, Frederick   Zimmerman, an associate professor in the School of Public Health at the University of California, Los Angeles.  The researchers also found that TV viewing didn’t have much of an effect—positively or negatively—as long as it wasn’t displacing conversations between an adult and a child.
The UCLA study included 275 families with children between 2 months and 48 months old.  They represented a variety of incomes and education.  The researchers found that, in an average day, children heard about 13, 000 spoken words from adults and participated in about 400 adult-child conversations a day.
Assessed separately, factors positively associated with language development included each additional 100 conversations a day and each 1, 000 words increase in the number of words spoken by adults and heard by children.  When looked at alone, TV was negatively associated with language development.  But, when these three factors were analyzed together, the only one that stood out was conversation between adults and children.
“The more a child speaks and interacts with an adult, the better idea a parent has about where the child is”, Zimmerman said. “Although it’s mostly done unconsciously, parents will provide feedback and correct mistakes.  They’ll also tailor their speech to the child.  Parents can give the children words by talking to them about what they’re doing, such as, ‘I’m putting on your pajamas now’.  But give your child the opportunity to talk, hopefully without the rest of the noise in the environment, ”she added. “If parents can carve out some conversation time—maybe at bath time or at dinner time—that’s a wonderful thing. ”
小題1: The researchers also found that TV viewing　　　　.
A．could have a positive effect on a child’s language development
B．had a little effect on a child’s language development
C．a(chǎn)ffected a child’s language development more negatively than positively
D．a(chǎn)ffected a child’s language development both negatively and positively
小題2:Frederick Zimmerman would probably agree that　　　　.
A．parents should let their children talk most of the time
B．children should watch TV programs selectively
C．the conversation between parents and children should be two-way
D．it’s no good for parents to correct their children’s mistakes when they are speaking
小題3: We can conclude from the last paragraph that　　　　.
A．parents should let a child repeat what he or she says
B．bath time or dinner time is the best chance for parents to talk to a child
C．parent-child conversation can be carried out at any proper time
D．parents should leave a child talking alone
小題4: What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Talk with kids, not at them
B．Let your children voice their own opinions
C．How to develop a child’s language ability
D．The importance of early child language development
小題5:The underlined word “tailor” in the last paragraph can be best replaced by　　　　.
A．controlB．improve
C．pass D．a(chǎn)djust

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