When scientists set out to explore the roots of human laughter, some apes（類人猿） were just tickled（胳肢）to help. That’s how researchers made a variety of apes and some human babies laugh. After analyzing the sounds, they concluded that people and great apes inherited laughter from a shared ancestor that lived more than 10 million years ago. Experts praised the work, it gives strong evidence that ape laughter and human laughter are related through evolution（進(jìn)化）.

Scientists have noted that apes make characteristic sounds during play or while being tickled, especially to signal that they’re interested in playing. It’s been suggested before that human laughter grew out of primate（靈長類動(dòng)物） roots. But ape laughter doesn’t sound like human laughter. It may be slower noisy breathing. So what does that have to do with the human ha-ha? To investigate that, Marina Davila Ross and her colleagues carried out a detailed analysis of the sounds made by tickling three human babies and 21 other primates, apes included.

After measuring 11 features in the sound from each species, they tried to find out how these sounds appeared to be related to each other. The result looked like a family tree. Significantly, that tree matched the way the species themselves are related, the scientists reported online in the journal Current Biology. They also concluded that while human laughter sounds much different from ape laughter, their typical features could have come from the same ancestor.

Panksepp, who studies laughter-like responses in animals but didn’t participate in the new work, called the paper exciting. Panksepp’s own work concludes that even rats produce laughter in response to playing and tickling, with sounds that can hardly be heard by people. Robert Provine, a scientist, who wrote the book, Laughter: A Scientific Investigation, said the new paper showed some important clues, like ape sounds that hadn’t been realized before.

69. Why did the scientists analyze the laughter made by tickling human babies and apes?

A. To try to discover if they can make characteristic sounds.

B. To see if they interested in playing.

C. To find out if the laughter of apes and humans is related.

D. To find out the differences between humans and apes.

70. Based on Paragraph 3 we can know that researchers measured the features in the sound to ________.

A. find out ape sounds that hadn’t been realized before

B. find out relations among primates’ laughter

C. see what a family tree from each species looks like

D. make a report online in the journal Current Biology

71. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Panksepp spoke highly of the new research.

B. Rat laughter is likely to be related to ape laughter.

C. Robert Provine provided some new clues for the researchers.

D. Humans don’t enjoy listening to ape laughter.

72. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Ape study explores evolution of laughter.

B. Apes like to laugh when being tickled.

C. Human laughter and ape laughter are different.

D. Laughter: A Scientific Investigation.

 

【答案】

 C

 B

 A

 A

【解析】略

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：皇冠優(yōu)化名題　高中英語 題型：050

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water．To he human is to think．But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it．Tbinking about thinking is the key to critical（判斷性的）thinking．When you think critically,you take control of your thinking processes（過程）．Otherwise,you might be controlled by the ideas of others．Indeed,critical thinking is at the heart of education．

　　The word“critical”here has a special meaning．It does not mean taking one view a-gainst another view,as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong．The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen-be-yond the pictures on TV,the untrue reports in the newspapers,and the faulty reasoning．

　　Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity．If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it,you are a critical thinker．If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas,characters,and facts,you are a critical thinker．

　　Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful consideration．They take time,and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in to-day's world:fast foods,instant coffee,and self-developing film．If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence（智力）,you may learn some-thing new from a story about Albert Einstein．The first time Banesh Hoffman,a scien-tist,was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein,Hoffman was too nervous to speak．But Einstein immediatelyput Hoffman at ease by saying,“Please go slowly．I don't understand things quickly．”

(1)

Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically,________

[　　]

A．

it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast

B．

we might be controlled by other people's ideas

C．

we will follow the ideas of others naturally

D．

we might be fooled by other people's ideas

(2)

If you are a critical thinker,you will ________

[　　]

A．

think deeply about different ideas

B．

trust the reports in the newspapers

C．

take one view against another view

D．

criticize other people for their mistakes

(3)

In the last paragraph,“something new”suggests that ________

[　　]

A．

the smarter you are,the faster you do things

B．

the faster you do things,the smarter you become

C．

speed can improve intelligence

D．

intelligence is not decided by speed

(4)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

Thinking and Critical Thinking

B．

Understanding Critical Thinking

C．

Thinking Is Natural and Human

D．

Thinking Fast Means Intelligence

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