Tests administered(實施)to most elementary and high-school students in the United States exert(發(fā)揮)an unfavorable influence on science and math teaching, according to a new $1 million study performed for the National Science Foundation.And because schools with high minority enrollments(入學)generally place a greater reliance(相信)on scores from these tests, the study finds,there tends to be “a gap in instructional emphases between high and low minority classrooms that differs from our national concern for the quality of education.”
George F.Madaus and his colleagues at Boston College analyzed not only the six most widely used national standardized tests, but also the tests designed to accompany(go with)the four most commonly used science and math texts in fourth-grade,eighth-grade,and high-school classrooms.Though curriculum(teaching program)experts argue that schools should place greater emphasis on problem solving and reasoning, the new study shows that the tests focus on lower-level skills—primarily mechanical memorization of routine formulas(公式).
Researchers surveyed more than 2,200 math and science instructors,interviewing in depth some 300 teachers and administrators.Especially in schools with high minority enrollments,teachers reported feeling pressured to help students perform well on these tests.Some states judge schools and some schools determine teacher assignments(工作安排)based on students' test scores.
“With so much worry,”Madaus says,“teachers feel forced to focus their instruction on drilling what the tests will measure—at the expense of the more valuable,higher-level skills.”
The author of this article states that ____ _ .
A.the tests don't affect teaching in most elementary and high schools
B.the science and math teaching is influenced by the present tests
C.no study is performed on tests for the National Science Foundation
D.the United States exerts a strong influence on science and math teaching
It can be inferred that in high minority classrooms ____ _ .
A.the students can not get high score from the tests
B.scores from the tests are not important
C.instructional emphases are unfavourable
D.teaching doesn't focus on the quality of education
According to the second paragraph,the study has discovered that ____ _ .
A.emphasis of teaching is on problem solving and reasoning
B.curriculum is good for national standardized tests
C.the tests mainly center around the memorization of some formulas
D.routine formulas are not useful for students to memorize
According to Madaus' opinion,teachers are forced to ____ _ .
A.evaluate(評估)students' skills every year
B.suffer so much worry on the texts
C.teach what will be tested
D.focus their instruction on useful drillings
【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】C
【小題4】C
【小題1】根據(jù)文中第1句 Tests … exert an unfavorable influence on science and math teaching, according to a new $ million study … 證明A、C錯,并且也說明政府的政策并沒有得到貫徹。
【小題2】根據(jù)第一段第2句 And because schools with high minority enrollments generally place a greater reliance on scores …. that differs from our national concern for the quality of education. 學校的指導方針對學校、學生有利,因此C不完全正確。
【小題3】根據(jù)第二段末 … tests focus on lower-level skills — primarily mechanical memorization of routine formulas. 所以去A選C。文中沒涉及課程設(shè)置與考試之間的關(guān)系,B錯;公式肯定應該記,但它只是手段而非目的。
【小題4】根據(jù)第四段 With so much worry, teachers feel forced to focus their attention on drilling what the tests will measure—at the expense of the more valuable, high—level skills.
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:
His letter was especially welcome as I ____ from him for long.
A.haven’t heard B.would not heard C.hadn’t heard D.didn’t heard
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
As a human being you may have the choice of three basic attitudes towards life. You may treat life with the philosophy (哲學) of the vegetable, in which case your life will include being born, eating, drinking, sleeping, marrying, growing old and dying.
The second basic attitude is to look at life as if it were a business. A great many so-called successful men and women believe that life is a business. If you believe so, your first question of life, naturally, is " What do I get out of it? " " How much is this worth to me?" In a word, based on this attitude, happi??ness becomes a matter of successful competition. The great ma??jority of human beings today look at life as if it were a busi??ness.
The third attitude toward life is the way of the artist. Here the basic philosophy is "What can I put into it?". They value cooperation and contribution. This point of view has been proved by history; for history remembers best those who have contributed most richly to the interests of their fellow-men. The more we investigate(調(diào)查),the more we become certain that the artistic attitude is the only one which goes with human happiness.
5. From the passage we know people who take the second life attitude ________.
A. are mostly businessmen B. think of getting the interests (利益) first
C. find their happiness from hard work D. take competition as their whole life
6. People who are best remembered by history are probably
A. those living on vegetables B. successful men
C. artists D. businessmen
7. We may infer from this passage that ________.
A. some people are living only on vegetables
B. the artistic attitude is accepted by most people
C. the writer prefers the third life attitude
D. artists do most for the society in order to be remembered longer than others
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:
The US economy is expected to slide 1 percent this year, while Japan’s is forecast to drop by about 0.3 percent. So this year will see China making an increased to the world.
A. promise B. decision C. preparation D. contribution
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
While all my classmates seen to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars(火星), I’d rather say Mars is totally unsuitable for human existence. People won’t have enough food supplies there, and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life. Besides, the journey won’t be safe. Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?
Steve Minear, UK
Here are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and glory…For scientists there is another reason. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.
Donal Trollop, Canada
There are already too many people on the Earth. I think that sometime before the end of the century, there will be a human colony(殖民地)on Mars. It will happen when people finally realize that tow-way trips to the red planet Mars are unnecessary. Most of the danger of space Flight is in the launches(發(fā)射) and landings. Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents, save a lot of money, and open the way to building an everlasting human settlement on another world.
Enough supplies can be sent on ahead. And every two years more supplies and more people will needs, and Mars is far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space.
Paul Davies. USA
The main purpose of Steve Minear’s writing is .
A. to report his classmates’ discussion B. to invite an answer to his question
C. to explain the natural state of Mars D. to show his agreement on going to Mars
Which of the following best states Donal Trollop’s idea?
A. There is a plan to send humans to Mars.
B. There are many reasons for going to Mars.
C. Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.
D. It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.
Paul Davies points out that .
A. humans need only a one-way ticket to Mars.
B. two-way trips to Mars will be made safe soon
C. it is easy to reduce the danger and cost of flights to Mars
D. it is cheap to build an everlasting human settlement on Mars
What does Paul Davies think of human existence on Mars?
A. Humans will have to bring all they need from the Earth.
B. Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living.
C. Humans can produce everything they need.
D. Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
Special trees that grow faster, fight pollution, produce better wood, and even sense chemical attacks are being planted by scientists in the US.
When 40 per cent of Hawaii's US$14 million-a-year papaya (木瓜)industry was destroyed by a virus five years ago, work began on creating genetically engineered(轉(zhuǎn)基因的) trees.
Researchers successfully introduced seeds that were designed to resist the virus. Since then, more and more people have been testing genetically engineered trees.
Some researchers put special bacteria into trees to help them grow faster and produce better wood. Others are trying to create trees that can clean polluted soil.
Meanwhile fruit farmers are looking for trees that are strong enough to resist worms, and paper companies want trees that produce more wood and therefore more paper.
The Pentagon (五角大樓) even gave the researchers US$500,000 this year after they developed a pine tree that changes its colours if it senses a chemical attack..
So far, the poplar, eucalyptus (楊樹與桉樹), apple and coffee trees are among those being engineered. All this can be done today because we have a better understanding of tree genomes(基因組).
However, some people fear that the genetically engineered trees will cause dangerous results. They are worried that the new trees will breed with natural species and change the balance of the forest environment.
"It could be destructive," said Jim Diamond, an environmentalist. "Trees are what is left of our natural environment and home to many endangered species."
But researchers insist that science could give nature a fighting chance against both natural and man-made dangers.
They hope to answer the critics by stopping the new trees from breeding, so their effect on the environment can be controlled.
What trees are NOT the ones that scientists are planting in the US?
A. Trees that worms can't hurt.
B. Trees that can protect themselves at a chemical attack.
C. Trees that can resist wind better.
D. Trees that can improve soil conditions.
What caused the American scientists to work on special trees?
A. They think science could give nature a fighting chance against both natural and man-made dangers.
B. Great numbers of trees have been lost due to attacks by viruses.
C. Researchers successfully introduced seeds designed to resist the virus.
D. Tree genomes are mapped out so scientists know how to improve trees.
Which of the following was probably the first kind of trees being engineered?
A. Papaya. B. Pine. C. Apple. D. Poplar.
The best title of the passage is .
A. The improvement of environment
B. The side-effects of special trees
C. The development of special trees
D. the program of genetically engineered trees
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
Beijing's broadened ban on smoking in public places took effect Thursday, adding force to the effort to hold a smoke-free Olympics.
The new rules extend existing anti-smoking regulations to more places, including fitness centers, cultural relic sites, offices, meeting rooms, dining halls, toilets and lifts. Restaurants, Internet cafes, parks, and waiting halls at airports, railway stations and coach stations are required to set up smoking areas. Hotels will have to offer smoke-free rooms or floors, but the regulations do not specify a proportion.
However, some restaurant owners have complained that it would be difficult to have a separate smoking room as required by the new regulations. "We plan to issue specific rules to solve this problem as soon as possible," Rao Yingsheng, vice-director of the Beijing Committee for Patriotic Public Health Campaign, was quoted by the Beijing News as saying Thursday. He said small restaurants without a separate room should set aside at least 70 percent of their area for non-smokers. He also said customers and restaurant owners would be asked for their thoughts on the new rule.
Local authorities dispatched about 100,000 inspectors to make sure the ban was being enforced Thursday. Everyone has the right to dissuade people from smoking in public places, Liu Zejun, who works for the Beijing committee, said. "Citizens are encouraged to expose those who refuse to obey the rule by calling the free telephone line 12320," Liu said.
People caught smoking in forbidden areas will be fined 10 yuan ($1.40), while enterprises and institutions that violate(違反) the ban will face fines of between 1,000 yuan and 5,000 yuan. Smoking was forbidden in hospitals, kindergartens, schools, museums, sports venues and other places before the new regulations took effect. From Oct 1 last year, the city also banned smoking in its 66,000 cabs, and imposed fines of 100 yuan to 200 yuan on drivers caught smoking in taxis.
China has pledged a cigarette-free, green Olympics. This year's event will be the first non-smoking Olympic Games since the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), of which China is a signatory(簽名人), went into effect in 2005.
The passage mainly tells us _____.
A. There will be more places where smoking is forbidden.
B. More people should give up smoking.
C. Broadened ban on smoking in public places took effect in order to set up a non-smoking Olympic Games.
D. Those who smoke at public places will be fined.
Smoking is _____ at airports, railway stations or coach stations etc.
A. forbidden B. allowed
C. allowed at it’s smoking areas D. we don’t know
Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?
A. Hotels will have to offer smoke-free rooms.
B. Smoking is not allowed in most restaurants.
C. 12320 is a free telephone line to expose those who smoke at public places.
D. People caught smoking in forbidden areas will be fined.
If a taxi driver smokes in his cab, he will probably be fined _____ .
A. 10 yuan B. 50 yuan C. 120 yuan D. 1000 yuan
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:
_______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.
A. As B. That C. This D. It
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:
There’s no_____from my bedroom window except for some factory chimneys.
A. view B. scene C. sight D. look
查看答案和解析>>
湖北省互聯(lián)網(wǎng)違法和不良信息舉報平臺 | 網(wǎng)上有害信息舉報專區(qū) | 電信詐騙舉報專區(qū) | 涉歷史虛無主義有害信息舉報專區(qū) | 涉企侵權(quán)舉報專區(qū)
違法和不良信息舉報電話:027-86699610 舉報郵箱:58377363@163.com