2．CAt one time it was the dream of many little girls to become a nurse．Today，however，America is facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I．Recently about 2，000，000nurses are needed and 60percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages large enough to threaten（=say that you will hurt somebody if they don't do what you want） the quality of care provided．The demand for nurses spreads widely throughout the nursing field．
What has become of these women in white？The answer lies in not one but several causes．One possibility is the fact that women have greater career options（職業(yè)選擇）．In the past，women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices：nursing or teaching．Today，more women than ever are in the work force，but their choices have greatly increased．There are women doctors，lawyers，firefighters and police officers．In fact，women today are found in nearly every field of work．Nursing has been left behind，as women move on to jobs with higher pay and greater status（地位）．A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as"just a nurse"．Teachers may be also at fault．Many high school students are actually being steered（勸導(dǎo)） away from nursing，told by teachers that they are"too bright to be a nurse"．
Americans are living longer than ever and requiring more medical attention．In fact，the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years．Obviously a larger population requires more nurses．AIDS and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care．Usually fatal diseases mean long hospital stay，that is to say，more nurses are needed to care for these patients．It is estimated that the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years．
44．Why is America facing its worst nurse shortage？C
A．Because American health conditions are becoming worse and worse．
B．Because more and more women prefer to be teachers and doctors．
C．Because women have been provided with many different jobs．
D．Because women no longer choose to be nurses．
45．The passage tells us that high school teachers are at fault forD．
A．not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the US
B．introducing jobs with higher pay and greater status to their students
C．not asking the government to raise the nurses'payment
D．persuading the students not to be nurses
46．The author wrote this passage in order toB．
A．describe the unequal treatment of women in the US
B．warn people to pay more attention to the nursing problem
C．tell us women's free choice of jobs today
D．call on women not to be nurses
47．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？D
A．High school students think themselves too bright to be nurses．
B．Women in the US have greater career choice than those in other countries．
C．Of all the hospitals in the world 60percent more nurses are badly needed．
D．Nursing used to be a popular job among women．

分析 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹對(duì)的是第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后，美國(guó)護(hù)士職業(yè)率顯著降低，其中一個(gè)原因是同過(guò)去相比，婦女有更多的職業(yè)選擇，并且護(hù)士這一行業(yè)在教育領(lǐng)域受到冷落．然而美國(guó)無(wú)論現(xiàn)在還是將來(lái)，為滿足醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域?qū)ψo(hù)士的大量需求，需要更多的就業(yè)者步入護(hù)士行業(yè)．

解答 44．C．推理判斷題．由第二段one possibility is the fact that woman have greater career options （職業(yè)選擇），其中一個(gè)可能是婦女有越來(lái)越多的職業(yè)選擇，C項(xiàng)因?yàn)閶D女被提供許多不同的工作，故選C項(xiàng)．
45．D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．對(duì)于高校老師的責(zé)任，由文中Teachers may be also at fault．Many high school studentsare actually being steered（勸 導(dǎo)）away from nursing，told by teachers that they are"too bright to be a nurse"．很多高中生事實(shí)上被勸導(dǎo)遠(yuǎn)離護(hù)理，并被老師告知他們很有前途，不能僅僅從事護(hù)士這一行業(yè)，可知，老師在思想上勸導(dǎo)學(xué)生不要去當(dāng)護(hù)士，故選D項(xiàng)．
46．B 推理判斷題．全文講述的是美國(guó)的護(hù)士行業(yè)面臨著重大威脅，急需護(hù)士從業(yè)人員，且文章最后也提到未來(lái)美國(guó)對(duì)護(hù)士就業(yè)人員只會(huì)有增無(wú)減，所以可以推導(dǎo)出作者希望就護(hù)士行業(yè)，能引起廣泛注意，選故B項(xiàng)．
47．D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．At one time it was the dream for many little girls to become a nurse．可知，曾經(jīng)對(duì)于很多小女孩來(lái)說(shuō)，護(hù)士是一個(gè)夢(mèng)想．故選D項(xiàng)．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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