“To be or not to be.” Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world. They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but also for every thinking man and woman. To be or not to be, to live or not to live, to live richly and abundantly, or to live dully and meanly. A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally. He answered it by saying: “I think, therefore I am.”
　　But the best definition of existence I ever saw was one written by another philosopher who said: “To be is to be in relations.” If this is true, then the more relations a living thing has, the more it is alive. To live abundantly means simply to increase the range and intensity(強(qiáng)烈) of our relations. Unfortunately we are so constituted that we get to love our routine. But other than our regular occupation, how much are we alive? If you are interested only in your regular occupation, you are alive only to that extent. So far as other things are concerned --- poetry and prose(散文), music, pictures, sports, unselfish friendships, politics, international affairs ---you are dead.
On the contrary, it is true that every time you acquire a new interest --- even more, a new accomplishment(成就) --- you increase your power of life. No one who is deeply interested in different kinds of subjects can remain unhappy. The real pessimist is the person who has lost interest.
　　Bacon said that a man dies as often as he loses a friend. But we gain new life by contacts with new friends, and new ideas and thoughts, too. Where your thoughts are, there will be your life too. If your thoughts are limited only to your business, only to your physical welfare, only to your narrow circle of the town in which you live, then you live a narrow restricted(有限的, 受約束的) life. But if you are interested in what is going on in China, then you are living in China. If you’re interested in the characters of a good novel, then you are living with those highly interesting people. If you listen intently to fine music, you are away from your immediate surroundings and living in a world of passion and imagination.
To be or not to be --- to live intensely and richly, or merely to exist, which depends on ourselves. Let us widen and intensify our relations. While we live, let us live!
【小題1】What does the author mainly want to do by this passage?

A．Argue against an idea.
B．Explain some famous sayings.
C．Introduce some famous sayings.
D．Put forward an idea.
【小題2】What does the underlined word most probably mean?
A．Somebody who always lives in a world of passion and imagination.
B．Somebody who is always interested in making new friends.
C．Somebody who always expects the worst to happen.
D．Somebody who likes to live a rich and abundant life.
【小題3】Which of the following behavior is probably NOT encouraged by the author?
A．Thinking more than your own business.
B．Caring only about your physical welfare.
C．Reading good novels.
D．Listening to fine music.
【小題4】What is the main idea of the passage?
A．To be is to be in relations.
B．I think, therefore I am.
C．To be or not to be, that is a question.
D．A man dies as often as he loses a friend.


【小題1】D
【小題2】C
【小題3】B
【小題4】A

解析試題分析：本文講述的一種新的生存理念“To be is to be in relations.”也就是對與外面的世界保持聯(lián)系，不要孤立也不要隔離。
【小題1】D 主旨大意題。作者在本文中以“To be or not to be.”開頭，引起了一個討論，并介紹了關(guān)于存在的另外一個說法 “To be is to be in relations.”也就是對與外面的世界保持聯(lián)系，不要孤立也不要隔離。故D正確。
【小題2】C 推理題。根據(jù)本句. No one who is deeply interested in different kinds of subjects can remain unhappy. The real pessimist is the person who has lost interest.沒有一個對本題事物感興趣的人是不快樂的。真正不快樂的是那些對一切都失去興趣的人，他們總是預(yù)料這最不好的事情發(fā)生。這樣的人總是很悲觀，所以他們很不快樂。故C正確。
【小題3】B 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段前4行But we gain new life by contacts with new friends, and new ideas and thoughts, too. Where your thoughts are, there will be your life too. If your thoughts are limited only to your business, only to your physical welfare, only to your narrow circle of the town in which you live, then you live a narrow restricted(有限的, 受約束的) life可知這些人只關(guān)注自己的問題，他們的生活就被約束住了。故B項只關(guān)注自己，這是作者不鼓勵的生活方式。故B正確。
【小題4】A 主旨大意題。本文講述的一種新的生存理念“To be is to be in relations.”也就是對與外面的世界保持聯(lián)系，不要孤立也不要隔離。故A正確。
考點：考察人生哲理類短文閱讀
點評：本文講述的一種新的生存理念“To be is to be in relations.”也就是對與外面的世界保持聯(lián)系，不要孤立也不要隔離。要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據(jù)的推理，也不能根據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理，要根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案。

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"To be or not to be". Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world. They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but for every thinking man and woman. To be or not to be―to live or not to live, to live richly and abundantly and eagerly, or to live dully and meanly and scarcely. A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally. He answered it by saying: "I think, therefore I am."
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     He invented a number of great characters: powerful magicians, thrilling witches, smart women and both wise and wicked men. He also invented some great phrases. If you’ve ever said, “Oh, for goodness sake!” you can thank Shakespeare for that. Other examples of common phrases adapted from Shakespeare: “as luck would have it”, “your own flesh and blood”, “too much of a good thing”, “good riddance”, “in one fell swoop”, and “in the twinkling of an eye”. “To be, or not to be: that is the question,” Hamlet says. “Good night, good night. Parting is such sweet sorrow, that I shall say good night till it is morrow,” says Juliet to her Romeo.

    Don’t be surprised if you don’t understand everything when reading Shakespeare or watching one of his plays because the meanings of many words have changed over the years. And Shakespeare’s characters speak in poetry, so their speeches can be complicated.

    It does help to find out a little bit about the story before reading a Shakespeare play. It’s worth the effort. As Shakespeare wrote, “All the world is a stage.” And in his plays you’ll find that an entire world is waiting for you.

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B. most of the phrases used today were invented by Shakespeare

C. “Oh, for goodness sake!” is what Juliet says to Romeo

D. Shakespeare contributed greatly to the development of English

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B. He wrote his plays using uncommon words.

C. The characters in his plays speak in poetry.

D. Most of the words in his plays are outdated.

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A. most of Shakespeare’s plays have been made into films

B. language changes with the development of society

C. Shakespeare made lots of money from his works

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話題

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2.克隆人會使得人口數(shù)量劇增，造成很多社會問題。

自己觀點

1. ……；

2. …….

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Dear Tom,

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