Question

4．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（/\），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
  2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第十一處起）不計(jì)分．
In the winter vacation，I paid a visit a mountain village in a suburb of Handan．No sooner had I got off the bus when I was greatly surprising to see all the changes．It was far better than I had been expected．Now every family can drink cleanly running water．The villagers needn't carry water himself any more．Firewood is no longer used for cooking．Marsh gas，a new cheap clean energy，make it very convenient to cook and light．As all the families have color TV set，they can enjoy plays at home．It impressed me most was that the best building in a village was the school．I hope the mountain village will become better and better．

Answer 1

分析 本文作者主要描述了邯鄲郊區(qū)的一個(gè)山村所發(fā)生的巨大變化：每個(gè)家庭都能喝上自來水，村民們?cè)僖膊挥米约禾羲�喝了；不再用木頭燒火做飯了，而是用一種新的便宜的清潔能源---沼氣來做飯和照明；所有的家庭都有彩色電視機(jī)；給作者印象最深的是，村里最好的建筑---學(xué)校；最后，作者祝福山村將變得越來越好．

解答 In the winter vacation，I paid a visit∧a mountain village in a suburb of Handan．
                                                     to
No sooner had I got off the bus whenI was greatly surprisingto see all the changes．
                                              than                     surprised
It was far better than I had been expected．Now every family can drink cleanly
                                       去掉been                                                      clean 
 running water．The villagers needn't carry water himselfany more．
                                                                        themselves
Firewood is no longer used for cooking．Marsh gas，a new cheap clean energy，
makeit very convenient to cook and light．As all the families have color TV set，
makes                                                                                                      sets 
they can enjoy plays at home．It impressed me most was that the best building
                                             What
in a village was the school．I hope the mountain village will become better and better．
   the 
1．在visit之后加to       考查固定短語的用法      固定短語pay a visit to someplace 意為：去某地參觀/旅游；
2．將when改為than      考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)的用法     固定結(jié)構(gòu)No sooner…than…意為：一…就…；本句的意思是：我剛一下車，就很驚訝地看到了所有的變化；故用than；
3．將surprising改為surprised     考查分詞的用法     此處是用來表示主語I（即指人）的情感狀態(tài)，故用動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式surprised；
4．去掉been      考查語態(tài)    本句的意思是：這比我預(yù)想的要好得多；由于句中的主語I與動(dòng)詞expect構(gòu)成的是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；故去掉been；
5．將cleanly改為clean      考查形容詞的用法    此處用來修飾名詞water，意為：干凈的自來水；故用形容詞clean；
6．將himself改為themselves      考查人稱代詞的一致性     此處與反身代詞對(duì)應(yīng)的是主語The villagers，指的應(yīng)是：村民們自己；故用themselves；
7．將make改為makes       考查主謂一致      由于本句的主語Marsh gas（沼氣）是不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；
8．將set改為sets        考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)       根據(jù)句意"由于所有的家庭都有彩色電視機(jī)"可知，這里指的不只是一臺(tái)電視機(jī)；故用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)sets；
9．將It改為What       考查連接代詞的用法    分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的主語應(yīng)是一個(gè)句子（主語從句），其中缺少了連接詞以及主語，意為：…的（東西）；本句的意思是：給我印象最深的是，村里最好的建筑是學(xué)校；而人稱代詞It則是指代具體的事物，不能引導(dǎo)從句；故用連接代詞What；
10．將a改為the         考查冠詞的用法        根據(jù)上文可知，此處的"village"指的就是前面作者提到的邯鄲郊區(qū)的那個(gè)山村，因此此處表示特指；故用the．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語法知識(shí)與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力．錯(cuò)誤類型一般有：缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞．常見的錯(cuò)誤有：1 詞法錯(cuò)誤，主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要正確分析句子成分，熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常見句法錯(cuò)誤．通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法．3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下，進(jìn)行作答．