England has been the birthplace of most of the great English-language theater written throughout history. Most of the plays in England that are truly famous have something in common. They usually come from a playwright(劇作家) with several famous plays.
Shakespeare
William Shakespeare is considered the most famous British playwright. Shakespeare has a large catalog(目錄) of tragedies, comedies and history plays, and each category is home to some of the most famous plays ever written. Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and Julius Caesar are all tragedies and performed in theaters around the world every year. Famous comedies include A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Much Ado About Nothing. In the history category, Richard Ⅲ and Henry Ⅴ are very famous.
Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw
Several hundred years after Shakespeare, English people began to enjoy the works of Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde’s plays are still popular now, and The Importance of Being Earnest is both performed and studied extremely frequently. A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. Shaw and Wilde were born within a few years of each other, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. Shaw’s plays are loved so much that an entire theater company is devoted to performing his work in Niagara-on-the-Lake in southern Ontario.
Harold Pinter
The plays of Harold Pinter certainly have an international presence. His writing was so widely recognized for its importance that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 2005. Pinter is especially known for his style of writing. Many of his plays such as Betrayal, The Dumb Waiter and his first play, The Room, are extremely well known

  1. 1.

    The writer wrote this passage to______.

    1. A.
      advise us to spend more time enjoying plays
    2. B.
      explain why England has so many wonderful plays
    3. C.
      tell us about some famous British playwrights and their works
    4. D.
      tell us the differences among some British playwrights
  2. 2.

    What do the works in the underlined part in Paragraph 2 have in common?

    1. A.
      They are all Shakespeare’s early works
    2. B.
      They are all tragedies written by Shakespeare
    3. C.
      They are all Shakespeare’s famous comedies
    4. D.
      They all belong to the history category of Shakespeare’s plays
  3. 3.

    Which of the following plays were most probably written in the same period of time?

    1. A.
      The Dumb Waiter and A Woman of No Importance
    2. B.
      Richard Ⅲ and A Woman of No Importance
    3. C.
      An Ideal Husband and Candida
    4. D.
      Candida and Betrayal
  4. 4.

    Who was mentioned in this passage that he had received the Nobel Prize because of his writing?

    1. A.
      William Shakespeare
    2. B.
      Oscar Wilde
    3. C.
      George Bernard Shaw
    4. D.
      Harold Pinter
CBCD
試題分析:這篇文章主要給我們介紹了幾個(gè)著名的英國戲劇作家莎士比亞,奧斯卡·王爾德,喬治·蕭伯納,哈羅德·品特以及他們的作品。
1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章可知,作者寫這篇文章是想給我們介紹幾個(gè)著名的英國戲劇作家莎士比亞,奧斯卡·王爾德,喬治·蕭伯納,哈羅德·品特以及他們的作品。故選C
2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and Julius Caesar are all tragedies and performed in theaters around the world every year.可知,劃線部分的戲劇都是由莎士比亞寫的悲劇。故選B
3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知,An Ideal Husband and Candida這兩部戲劇最可能出自同一個(gè)時(shí)期。故選C
4.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知,哈羅德·品特的作品榮獲了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。故選D
考點(diǎn):社會(huì)歷史類說明文
點(diǎn)評(píng):本文結(jié)構(gòu)非常明了,文意也很好理解,學(xué)生在答題中一定要認(rèn)真細(xì)致的作答以求全對(duì)。對(duì)于此類說明文的文章一定要將文章仔細(xì)的閱讀完并理解,結(jié)合題目通過題目的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行定位,分析好句子的意思,即可得出答案。
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People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1933, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their surprise that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliff (懸崖) on which they had been built. While ex??perts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.

Erosion (侵蝕) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be aban??doned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be eaten up by the hungry sea.

Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland ar??ea of hard rock, which will not be eaten as limestone is. Mean??while, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain fu??ture, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knock??down price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.

1. What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?

A. The rising of the sea level.

B. The experts’ short of knowledge.

C. The washing-away of limestone cliff.

D. The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.

2. The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England ________.

A. will soon become a problem for people living in central England

B. has now become a threat to the local residents

C. can be stopped if proper measures are taken

D. is quickly changing the map of England

3. The experts’ study on the problem of erosion can ________.

A. warn people whose homes are in danger

B. provide an effective way to slow it down

C. help to its eventual solution

D. lead to its eventual solution

4. It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because ________.

A. house agents along the coast do not support the idea

B. it is too costly and will endanger neighboring areas

C. the government is too slow in taking action

D. they will be easily knocked down by waves and currents

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Ben Olsen had great careers as professional players. His story tells a lot about the past, present and future of professional soccer in America.
Ben Olsen was an important part of D.C. United's early success. He was the top new player, or rookie of the year, in 1998. His young professional career reached a high point the next season. D.C. United won the M.L.S. Cup, the league championship(錦標(biāo)賽), on the strength(力量) of a Most Valuable Player performance by Olsen. He scored one of two goals for his team in the win against the Los Angeles Galaxy.
Ben Olsen looks back on his score in that championship as his most memorable. "I'd lost a lot of championships before that year, so that was a special game." said Ben Olsen.
Like many top American soccer players, Olsen played overseas. He joined the club Nottingham Forest in Britain. He says different leagues have different styles of play. "Some teams are very fast and athletic. Some teams are a little bit more low pressure on the ball and more skillful players. England has always been known to be a fast and physical league."
Olsen was also a part of the United States World Cup team of 2006. He says playing for his country was something he will never forget. 
Ben Olsen has had five operations for severe ankle(腳踝) injuries. Still, he had one of his best years in 2007. He scored seven goals including a "hat trick"-- three in one game.
Ben Olsen celebrates his third goal in one game against the New York Red Bull in June of 2007
He was recognized for his outstanding play with an M.L.S. Best Eleven award. He accepted the award in a wheelchair after a minor operation became major ankle surgery(外科手術(shù)). Ben Olsen retired after the 2009 season. Today he is an assistant coach with D.C. United.
【小題1】When did Ben Olsen begin to win championship?

A. In 1998B.Next seasonC.In 1999D.In 2006
【小題2】What does the underlined word ‘rookie’ mean in this sentence?
A.SuccessB.New playerC.professional careerD.championship
【小題3】According to the passage, which of the following is true?
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C.Top American soccer players never played oversea
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【小題4】What do you think is the best title for the passage?
A. Ben Olsen—the best soccer player
B. Ben Olsen’s professional career
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科目:高中英語 來源:2015屆重慶市高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解

England has been the birthplace of most of the great English-language theater written throughout history. Most of the plays in England that are truly famous have something in common. They usually come from a playwright(劇作家) with several famous plays.

Shakespeare

William Shakespeare is considered the most famous British playwright. Shakespeare has a large catalog(目錄) of tragedies, comedies and history plays, and each category is home to some of the most famous plays ever written. Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and Julius Caesar are all tragedies and performed in theaters around the world every year. Famous comedies include A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Much Ado About Nothing. In the history category, Richard Ⅲ and Henry Ⅴ are very famous.

Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw

Several hundred years after Shakespeare, English people began to enjoy the works of Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde’s plays are still popular now, and The Importance of Being Earnest is both performed and studied extremely frequently. A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. Shaw and Wilde were born within a few years of each other, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. Shaw’s plays are loved so much that an entire theater company is devoted to performing his work in Niagara-on-the-Lake in southern Ontario.

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The plays of Harold Pinter certainly have an international presence. His writing was so widely recognized for its importance that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 2005. Pinter is especially known for his style of writing. Many of his plays such as Betrayal, The Dumb Waiter and his first play, The Room, are extremely well known.

1.The writer wrote this passage to       .

A.a(chǎn)dvise us to spend more time enjoying plays

B.explain why England has so many wonderful plays

C.tell us about some famous British playwrights and their works

D.tell us the differences among some British playwrights

2.What do the works in the underlined part in Paragraph 2 have in common?

A.They are all Shakespeare’s early works.

B.They are all tragedies written by Shakespeare.

C.They are all Shakespeare’s famous comedies.

D.They all belong to the history category of Shakespeare’s plays.

3.Which of the following plays were most probably written in the same period of time?

A.The Dumb Waiter and A Woman of No Importance.

B.Richard Ⅲ and A Woman of No Importance.

C.An Ideal Husband and Candida.

D.Candida and Betrayal.

4.Who was mentioned in this passage that he had received the Nobel Prize because of his writing?

A.William Shakespeare.                    B.Oscar Wilde.

C.George Bernard Shaw.                    D.Harold Pinter.

 

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Ben Olsen had great careers as professional players. His story tells a lot about the past, present and future of professional soccer in America.

Ben Olsen was an important part of D.C. United's early success. He was the top new player, or rookie of the year, in 1998. His young professional career reached a high point the next season. D.C. United won the M.L.S. Cup, the league championship(錦標(biāo)賽), on the strength(力量) of a Most Valuable Player performance by Olsen. He scored one of two goals for his team in the win against the Los Angeles Galaxy.

Ben Olsen looks back on his score in that championship as his most memorable. "I'd lost a lot of championships before that year, so that was a special game." said Ben Olsen.

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Ben Olsen has had five operations for severe ankle(腳踝) injuries. Still, he had one of his best years in 2007. He scored seven goals including a "hat trick"-- three in one game.

Ben Olsen celebrates his third goal in one game against the New York Red Bull in June of 2007

He was recognized for his outstanding play with an M.L.S. Best Eleven award. He accepted the award in a wheelchair after a minor operation became major ankle surgery(外科手術(shù)). Ben Olsen retired after the 2009 season. Today he is an assistant coach with D.C. United.

1.When did Ben Olsen begin to win championship?

A. In 1998          B.Next season        C.In 1999           D.In 2006

2.What does the underlined word ‘rookie’ mean in this sentence?

A.Success           B.New player        C.professional career  D.championship

3.According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A.Ben Olsen has a deep love for his country

B.Ben Olsen scored three goals in 1999

C.Top American soccer players never played oversea

D.He scored ten goals in 2007

4.What do you think is the best title for the passage?

A. Ben Olsen—the best soccer player

B. Ben Olsen’s professional career

C. Ben Olsen and D.C. United

D. An introduction to Ben Olsen

 

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Computerised trading agents may help humans build better markets

THANKS to declining markets, investment banks are getting rid of many of their highly-paid traders. When markets recover, the banks might be tempted to replace them with rather cheaper talent. One alternative has been around for a while but has yet to catch on: autonomous trading agents-computers programmed to act like the human version without such annoying costs as holidays, lunch breaks or bonuses. Program trading has, of course, been done before; some blamed the 1987 stock market crash on computers instructed with simple decision-making rules. But robots can be smarter than that.

Dave Cliff, a researcher at Hewlett-Packard Laboratories in Bristol, England, has been creating trading robots for seven years. In computer simulations he lets them evolve "genetically", and so allows them to adapt and fit models of real-world financial markets. His experiments have suggested that a redesign of some markets could lead to greater efficiency. Last year, a research group at IBM showed that Mr Cliff's artificial traders could consistently beat the human variety, in various kinds of market. Nearly all take the shape of an auction(拍賣). One well-known type is the English auction, familiar to customers of the salesrooms(拍賣場)of Christie's and Sotheby's, where sellers keep mum on their offer price, and buyers increase their bids by stages until only one remains.

At the other extreme is the Dutch auction, familiar to 17th-century tulip-traders in the Netherlands as well as to bidders for American Treasury bonds. Here, buyers remain silent, and a seller reduces his price until it is accepted. Most markets for shares, commodities, foreign exchange and derivatives are a mixture of these two types: buyers and sellers can announce their bid or offer prices at any time, and deals are constantly being closed, a so-called "continuous double auction".

Mr Cliff's novel idea was to apply his evolutionary computer programs to marketplaces themselves. Why not, he thought, try and see what types of auction would let traders converge(趨同) most quickly towards a balance price? The results were surprising. In his models, auctions that let buyers and sellers bid at any time like most of today's financial exchanges were less efficient than ones that required relatively more bids from either buyers or sellers. These "evolved auctions" also withstood big market shocks, such as crashes and panics, better than today's real-world versions. Mr Cliff's most recent results, which will be presented in Sydney, Australia, on December 10th, show that the best type of auction for any market depends crucially on even slight differences in the number of buyers and sellers.

Bank of America has been investigating these new auctions, along with robotic traders, for possible use in electronic exchanges. The hope is that today's financial auctions and online marketplaces might work better by becoming more like their English and Dutch ancestors.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A. A review of two kinds of auctions.         B. An introduction of trading robots.

C. A survey of the trading market.          D. About trading alternatives.

2.Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. Mr Cliff’s robot traders have now been used in real-world markets.

B. Robot traders can evolve like creatures.

C. There is room for improvement in efficiency in trading markets.

D. The English auction is the most popular trading form.

3.What can we infer from the text?

A. Existing auctions cannot withstand market shocks

B. The Dutch auction is better than the continuous double auction

C. It’s hard for traders to reach a balanced price

D. The best type of auction takes place when the number of the buyers is equal to that of sellers

4.What’s the author’s attitude toward robot traders?

A. Prejudiced           B. Objective      C. Critical                       D. Optimistic

 

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