Until the 1980s, the American homeless population is mainly made up of older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient(變化無(wú)常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems — both legal and educational — for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.
Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis. But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.
One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not treated as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.
Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions（規(guī)定） of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.
1.It is implied in the first paragraph that ____.

A．the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties

B．many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities

C．there is a serious shortage of academic facilities

D．homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education

2.The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is _____.

A．350,000? B．1,500,000? C．440,000? D．110,000

3.One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ____.

A．the homeless children are too young to be treated as children

B．the homeless population is growing rapidly

C．the homeless children usually stay outside school

D．some homeless children are deserted by their families

4.The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that ___.

A．the educational problems of homeless children are being recognized

B．the estimates on homeless children are hard to determine

C．the address of grade-school children should be located

D．all homeless people should have free education

 

【答案】

1.C

2.C

3.D

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：美國(guó)無(wú)家可歸的人口主要包括的還是年齡較大的男性�，F(xiàn)在，社會(huì)上年齡較小的一些人也面臨無(wú)家可歸的威脅。這主要是因?yàn)榻虒W(xué)設(shè)施嚴(yán)重短缺，很多孩子被家庭遺棄，政府意識(shí)到無(wú)家可歸的孩子也有權(quán)利獲得教育。

1.推理題：從第一段的句子：this transient(變化無(wú)常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems — both legal and educational — for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers. 可知其中學(xué)齡兒童四處流浪，飽受驚嚇。這給已經(jīng)負(fù)擔(dān)考試大過(guò)重的城市教學(xué)和教學(xué)管理帶來(lái)了許多額的外的麻煩，其中既涉及法律問(wèn)題又涉及教育問(wèn)題。可以推斷出教學(xué)設(shè)施嚴(yán)重短缺，選C

2.計(jì)算題：從第二段的句子：A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis. But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children,有22萬(wàn)無(wú)家可歸的學(xué)齡兒童，其中約有三分之一沒(méi)有按規(guī)定上學(xué)。然而國(guó)家關(guān)于無(wú)家可歸人員的聯(lián)盟會(huì)卻估計(jì)，這樣的兒童人數(shù)至少還應(yīng)該多一倍，可知無(wú)家可歸的孩子的數(shù)量是440,000，選C

3.細(xì)節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homes. 有一部分無(wú)家可歸的人口尤其難以統(tǒng)計(jì)，就是那些遭家庭遺棄的“浪蕩”少年�？芍獰o(wú)家可歸的人口很難估計(jì)我是因?yàn)橐恍┖⒆颖患彝ミz棄，選D

4.細(xì)節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：The educational provisions（規(guī)定） of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education. 可知文章提到The McKinney Act 是說(shuō)明無(wú)家可歸的孩子的教育問(wèn)題正在被認(rèn)識(shí)，選A

考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文

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