2.What will higher education look like in 2050?That was the question addressed Tuesday night by Michael Crow,president of Arizona State University.
"We're at the end of the fourth wave of change in higher education,"Crow began,arguing that research universities followed the initial establishment of higher education,public colleges,and land-grant schools in the timeline of America.
In less than a half-century,he said,global market competition will be at its fastest rates of change ever,with several multitrillion-dollar economies worldwide.According to a recent projection,the nation's population could reach 435million,with a large percentage of those residents economically disadvantaged.In addition,climate change will be"meaningfully uncontrollable"in many parts of the world.
The everyday trends seen today,such as declining performance of students at all levels,particularly in math and science,and declining wages and employment among the less educated,will only continue,Crow maintained,and are,to say the least,not contributing to fulfilling the dream of climbing the social ladder mobility,quality of life,sustainable environment,and longer life spans that most Americans share.
"How is it that we can have these great research universities and have negative-trending outcomes?"Crow said in a talk"I hold the universities accountable.…We are part of the problem."
Among the"things that we do that make the things that we teach less learnable,"Crow said,are the strict separation of disciplines,academic rigidity,and conservatism,the desire of universities to imitate schools at the top of the social ranks,and the lack of the computer system ability that would allow a large number of students to be educated for a small amount of money.
Since 2002,when Crow started being in charge at Arizona State-which he calls the"new American university"-he has led more than three dozen initiatives that aim to make the school"inclusive,scalable,fast,adaptive,challenge-focused,and willing to take risks."
Among those initiatives were a restructuring of the engineering and life sciences schools to create more linkages between disciplines; the launch of the School of Earth and Space Exploration and the School of Sustainability; the start of a Teachers College to address K-12performance and increase the status of the Education Department at the university; and broadened access,increasing the freshman class size by 42percent and the enrollment of students living below the poverty line by 500percent.
Universities must start,Crow noted,"by becoming self-reflective architects,figuring out what we have and what we actually need instead of what legend tells us we have to be."Research universities today have"run their course,"he added."Now is the time for variety."
During a discussion afterward,Crow clarified and expanded on some of his points.He discussed,for example,the school's distance-learning program."Nearly 40percent of undergraduates are taking at least one course online,"he said,which helps the school to keep costs down while advancing interactive learning technologies.
He said that Arizona State is working to increase the transfer and completion rates of community-college students,of whom only about 15percent,historically,complete their later degrees."We've built a system that will allow them to track into universities,"particularly where"culturally complex barriers"beyond finances limit even the most gifted students.
66.The fourth wave of change in America's higher education refers toC.
A.public colleges
B.land-grant schools
C.research universities
D.initial higher education
67.Which is NOT part of the American dream most people share?C
A.People enjoy a quality life.
B.People live longer and longer.
C.The freedom to move around.
D.An environment that is sustainable.
68.Which is an initiative adopted by Crow at Arizona State University?D
A.Restructuring the teachers College.
B.Launching the School of Life Sciences.
C.Ignoring the linkages between disciplines.
D.Enrolling more students from poor families.
69.Which one is similar to the underlined word"architect"in meaning?C
A.The author of the guidebook is an architect by profession.
B.If you want to refurnish the house,consult the architect.
C.Deng Xiaoping is one of the architects of the PRC.
D.Tom is considered one of the best landscape architect here.
70.With the distance-learning program,Arizona State University is able toB.
A.enroll 40% of its students online
B.keep costs down without a loss of quality
C.provide an even greater number of courses
D.a(chǎn)ttract the most gifted students all over the world.
分析 文章主要講述了到2050年的高等教育會(huì)是什么樣呢?亞利桑那州立大學(xué)的教授帶你去暢想一下.
解答 66.C 判斷推理題.根據(jù)第一段 Crow began,arguing that research universities followed the initial establishment of higher education 可知,研究大學(xué)緊隨著高等教育的初步建立.選C.
67.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第四段的the dream of climbing the social ladder mobility,quality of life,sustainable environment,and longer life spans that most Americans share.可知,C 不是美國(guó)人夢(mèng)想的一部分.
68.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章最后一段的We've built a system that will allow them to track into universities,"particularly where"culturally complex barriers"beyond finances limit even the most gifted students.我們已經(jīng)建立了一個(gè)系統(tǒng),讓他們能夠跟蹤大學(xué),特別是在"文化復(fù)雜的障礙"之外,即使是最有天賦的學(xué)生也會(huì)受到財(cái)政限制.故選D.
69.C 詞義猜測(cè)題.Universities must start,Crow noted,"by becoming self-reflective architects, figuring out what we have and what we actually need instead of what legend tells us we have to be."大學(xué)必須通過(guò)變得自我反思建設(shè),弄清楚我們現(xiàn)在有什么,而不是傳奇告訴我們必須做的.因此句子中architect并非現(xiàn)實(shí)意義中的實(shí)際的建筑師,而是一個(gè)比喻.A.這本指南的作者是一名專(zhuān)業(yè)的建筑師.B.如果你想重新裝修房子,咨詢(xún)一位建筑師.C.鄧小平是中華人民共和國(guó)的建筑師之一.D.Tom 被認(rèn)為是這里最好的風(fēng)景建筑師.可知,C句最合適,其余選項(xiàng)均指實(shí)際意義的建筑師.
70.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的which helps the school to keep costs down while advancing interactive learning technologies.可這有助于學(xué)校在推進(jìn)交互式學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù)的同時(shí)降低成本.以看出B 選項(xiàng)正確.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是一個(gè)人物故事類(lèi)閱讀理解,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測(cè),一定要做到有理有據(jù).