Question

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity, others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self – worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life – and – death affairs. In their single – minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

　However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self – respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

1.What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self – respect.

B．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

C．Opinions about competition are different among people.

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition

2.Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A．It improves personal abilities.              B．It builds up a sense of duty.

C．It pushes society forward.                 D．It encourages individual efforts.

3.The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who rely on others most for success

D．those who are against competition most strongly.

4.Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

B．Competition should be encouraged.

C．Winning should be a life – and – death matter.

D．Every effort should be paid back.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.C

2.C

3.D

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：這篇文章講的是人們對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的不同觀點(diǎn)。

1.主旨大意題。第一段第一句In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. 點(diǎn)明主旨。即C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題：第一段第二句從Some value it highly believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity 可知選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition.可知the most vocal是強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人。選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題：最后一段最后一句從Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition. 可推知害怕失敗可以在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中消除。選C

考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文

點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題為主，細(xì)節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息?或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時(shí)使用的具體事實(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細(xì)節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，找出答案。