Question

What do butterfly wings have to do with computer screens? What do birds have to do with high speed trains?

These may sound like strange things to put together. But scientists, inventors, and designers are doing just that. They are learning from nature to create new technology.

The word biomimicry (仿生學(xué)) combines two words: biology and mimicry. So people using biomimicry try to use examples in nature to design new technology.

Biomimicry is not a new idea. People have been studying nature for hundreds of years. Leonardo DaVinci used birds as models to invent his flying machine. And when the Wright Brothers made the first successful airplane, they also studied birds. In 998, Janine Benyus, a natural science writer and teacher, wrote a book about biomimicry. To develop her interest in the subject, Janine Benyus started the Biomimicry Institute.

The Biomimicry Institute is a non-profit organization. It brings together scientists, designers, inventors and many other people. It offers classes to teach people biomimicry. It provides money for people to research and test new technologies. And it wants all people, from children to adults, to think about new ways to learn from nature.

People involved with the Biomimicry Institute believe that biomimicry can help solve many of the world’s problems. Often, new technologies can harm nature, but this is not true for biomimicry. Let’s look at some examples.

Butterflies have colorful wings because light shines off them in a special way. Scientists want to copy these same ways to make light shine off computers. They hope this will make for more colorful screens.

Another example of biomimicry is the bullet train. It travels at speeds of over 250 kilometers per hour! But it had a problem: it made too much noise!

Through the observation of birds, scientists thought about a kind of bird, the kingfisher(翠鳥(niǎo)). The kingfisher can dive into water without making any noise because of the shape of its beak(喙). Researchers thought that if they could design the front of the train like this beak, the train would be quieter. Well, it worked!

1.The first paragraph is written to_____.

A．start a discussion                        B．make a brief summary

C．introduce the topic of the text              D．test readers' knowledge on science

2.Why did Janine Benyus set up the Biomimicry Institute?

A．To honor the Wright Brothers.

B．To show her recent inventions.

C．To gather talented people for her research.

D．To explore the link between nature and technologies.

3.We know from the text that the Biomimicry Institute _____.

A．earns a lot by giving classes on biomimicry    B．tells people about their technologies

C．gives free support to scientists             D．teaches children about birds

4.The author gives the two examples at the end of the text to show _______.

A．biomimcry works harmoniously with nature   B．the fast development of modern technology

C．how biomimcry changes our life            D．how nature inspires scientists

5.What’s the main idea of the text?

A．Biomimicry is widely used in the world.

B．People copy nature to create new technologies.

C．The Biomimicry Institute was set up for science.

D．Birds play an important part in new technologies.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.C

2.D

3.C

4.A

5.B

【解析】

試題分析：這篇文章介紹了仿生學(xué)，講的是人類模仿自然創(chuàng)造新科技。作者舉例說(shuō)明什么是仿生學(xué)，并說(shuō)明仿生學(xué)對(duì)人類是無(wú)害的。

1.寫作意圖題：文章第一段通過(guò)舉例，提出仿生學(xué)這個(gè)話題。選C

2.細(xì)節(jié)題：從第四段的句子：It provides money for people to research and test new technologies. And it wants all people, from children to adults, to think about new ways to learn from nature.可知Janine Benyus創(chuàng)辦the Biomimicry Institute.是探索自然和科技的關(guān)系。選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題：從第四段的句子：It provides money for people to research and test new technologies. 可知Biomimicry Institute.給科學(xué)家提供免費(fèi)的支持。選C

4.細(xì)節(jié)題：從第五段的句子：new technologies can harm nature, but this is not true for biomimicry. Let’s look at some examples.可知作者舉例是為了說(shuō)明仿生學(xué)對(duì)人類無(wú)害。選A

5.主旨題：從第一段的句子：They are learning from nature to create new technology. 可知這篇文章講的是人類模仿自然創(chuàng)造新科技。選B。

考點(diǎn)：考查科普類短文

點(diǎn)評(píng)：這篇文章介紹了仿生學(xué)，文章基本上是考查細(xì)節(jié)題，對(duì)此類題型考生可以首先從問(wèn)題中找到關(guān)鍵詞，然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細(xì)節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定最佳答案。