D

You may picture firefighters holding a hose (水管) outside of a burning building, but the Golden Eagles Hotshots don’t fight fires quite that way. When they go into action, you may not even see a fire truck.

The Hotshots are firefighters who battle fires in wildness areas. But don’t think you’ll only find them in their home state California. Wherever there is a national wildfire emergency, the Golden Eagles Hotshots could be there.

But these firefighters don’t work the same way as firefighters in a big city. They work in areas where there are a large number of trees, bushes, and grass. They climb up and down steep hills to clear brush and burnable debris（殘骸）. They sometimes use water, but they often fight fire with fire!

They do that by lighting what are called “backfires,” which are small, controlled fires that burn up fuel in the path of large wildfires. That way, when the wildfire gets there, it has nothing to burn and nowhere to go, because all the burnable fuel has already gone up in smoke.

The Hotshots also clear away fuel using old-fashioned hard work. For example, they use a saw to cut away trees and heavy brush that could catch fire.

Of course there are times when the Golden Eagles Hotshots do have trucks to supply water to the fires. But the water is limited, and these guys have to rely on hard work more than anything. Physical fitness is very important. They have to be in great physical shape to handle steep hills and difficult terrain(地形) while carrying a 60-pound pack.

The Golden Eagles Hotshots definitely work hard for their pay. But thanks to their efforts, many lives have been saved, many houses have not burned, and countless trees are still standing.

1.67. The firefighters mentioned in the passenger. 

A．do much of their work in California

B．a(chǎn)void climbing steep hills in their work

C．do their work equipped with advanced tools.

D．carry out their work mostly in forests and mountains.

2.68. According to the passage, why do the firefighters light “backfires”?

A．To signal for help.

B．To remove obstacles.

C．To protect trees and bushes.

D．To prevent the fire from spreading.

3.69. What can we learn about the Golden Eagles Hotshots?

A．They are firefighters working in big cities.

B．Their work requires physical strength.

C．They are voluntary firefighters working for free.

D．They usually hold a hose to put out the fires.

4.70. What is the author’s attitude towards the Golden Eagles Hotshots?

A．Appreciative

B．Doubtful

C．Worried

D．Critical

 

【答案】

1.D

2.D

3.B

4.A

【解析】

試題分析

1.細(xì)節(jié)考察題

題干：文中提到的消防員____答案依據(jù)：The Hotshots are firefighters who battle fires in wildness areas.（第二段句首，同義轉(zhuǎn)換）

據(jù)此可知，Hotshots就是那些經(jīng)常在野外進(jìn)行滅火的消防戰(zhàn)士

對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)題。應(yīng)該確定答案出現(xiàn)的區(qū)域，進(jìn)而從段位和段首往中間查找，縮小答案區(qū)域。最后進(jìn)行句意或概念轉(zhuǎn)換，通常再原文以原句或同義句形式出現(xiàn)。此題的答案在原文中以同義句形式出現(xiàn)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)和推理題干：依據(jù)文章，為什么消防戰(zhàn)士會(huì)點(diǎn)燃回火？

選D 答案依據(jù)：which are small, controlled fires that burn up fuel in the path of large wildfires.（第四段）

回火火勢(shì)較小，易于控制，而且可以順著野火燃燒的方向?qū)⒖扇紵奈镔|(zhì)燒盡，這樣做就避免了火勢(shì)進(jìn)一步蔓延（根據(jù)已知的信息，整合后進(jìn)行下一步推斷）

對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)題。應(yīng)該確定答案出現(xiàn)的區(qū)域，進(jìn)而從段位和段首往中間查找，縮小答案區(qū)域。最后進(jìn)行句意或概念轉(zhuǎn)換，通常再原文以原句或同義句形式出現(xiàn)。此題的答案在原文中以同義句形式出現(xiàn)。如果這樣還不行，則根據(jù)原文進(jìn)行推理。

3.推理題題干：我們可以從本文描述的hotshots了解到什么？

答案依據(jù)：根據(jù)前面的信息可知，消防戰(zhàn)士通常都是在戶(hù)外作業(yè)，條件異常艱苦。所以推斷他們的身體肯定很強(qiáng)壯，不然不能勝任此項(xiàng)工作。

對(duì)于推理題，考生可根據(jù)文章中已經(jīng)掌握的信息（如篇章和篇尾通常是主旨），進(jìn)行初步判斷，再激活自己的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和對(duì)普通事物的常識(shí)認(rèn)知，以本文為例，消防官兵，結(jié)合自己的常識(shí)，身體必須符合條件，也就是強(qiáng)壯威猛。所以，作答此類(lèi)型題目，以用細(xì)節(jié)法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)法。

4.態(tài)度題題干：作者對(duì)hotshpts的態(tài)度如何

選A（贊揚(yáng)的，欣賞的）答案依據(jù)：thanks to their efforts, many lives have been saved, many houses have not burned, and countless trees are still standing，據(jù)此可判斷作者的態(tài)度

作答此類(lèi)題型，應(yīng)注意用歸類(lèi)法進(jìn)行處理。態(tài)度褒貶劃分可有：褒揚(yáng)的（Appreciative，positive等） 中性的（neutral，objective，worried等） 貶義的（critical，doubtful等）平時(shí)應(yīng)注意多歸類(lèi)整理。

考點(diǎn);考查人物介紹類(lèi)短文

點(diǎn)評(píng)：此篇文章主要介紹了一群特殊作業(yè)的消防官兵，講述了他們的工作環(huán)境，工作過(guò)程等，向讀者完整介紹了消防官兵的工作。以細(xì)節(jié)題考察為主，作答時(shí)，應(yīng)以準(zhǔn)快為基本要求，快速找出答案區(qū)域，找到依據(jù)，找出答案。

 

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