Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. In comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.[JP]

The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.

The United Nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.

There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic sea waves, or tsunamis. (These are often called tidal waves, but the name is incorrect. They have nothing to do with tides.)

In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. These submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. The Japanese call them “tsunamis”, meaning “harbor waves”, because they reach a sizable height only in harbors.

Tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. An adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves.

But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. There is no way to stop the oncoming wave.

 

65. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?

A. The number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.

B. Roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.、

C. Earthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.

D. Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.

66. The destruction of Agadir is an example of_____.

A. faulty building construction                        B. an earthquake’s strength

C. widespread panic in earthquakes                 D. ineffective instruments

67. The United Nations’ experts are supposed to_____.

A. construct strong buildings                         B. put forward proposals

C. detect disastrous earthquakes                     D. monitor earthquakes

68. The significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may_____.

A. notice them out at sea                               B. find ways to stop them

C. be warned early enough                             D. develop warning systems

65. C 可用排除法來找出此題的答案。題干要求找出無法從文章中得出結(jié)論的一項(xiàng)。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句到第三句可知”隨著深度的增加,地震的數(shù)量隨之減少”,可得出結(jié)論選項(xiàng)A”地震的數(shù)量和深度密切相關(guān)”,故排除。根據(jù)文章第一段第五行”…  in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much.”(接近地表處地震的發(fā)生頻率可高達(dá)每月一百多次,但是年平均地震數(shù)量卻變化不大。)可排除選項(xiàng)B

Roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.(每年發(fā)生的地震數(shù)量大致相同);根據(jù)文章第一段可得出以下結(jié)論:地震主要發(fā)生在離地表十五公里的范圍之內(nèi),盡管深達(dá)460公里的深處也有地震發(fā)生,但是每隔幾年才發(fā)生一次。故可排除選項(xiàng)D Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.(地震主要發(fā)生在地表處)。綜上可知,選項(xiàng) C 為正確答案。

66. A 文章第二段首先舉例說明運(yùn)用不同的建筑方法和材料所修建的房屋的抗震能力是不同的,進(jìn)而就提到了發(fā)生在摩洛哥Agadir的地震雖然震級不大,卻摧毀了整個(gè)城市,而許多更強(qiáng)烈的地震所造成的損失卻很小,由此作者得出結(jié)論:如果建筑物修建得好并且建在堅(jiān)固的地面上,那么它就能抵御地震;地震中大多數(shù)的死亡是由于不良的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)或不當(dāng)?shù)慕ㄖ攸c(diǎn)造成的。由此可知作者引用摩洛哥的Agadir的毀滅主要是要說明不良的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)(faulty building construction),故選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。

67. B 根據(jù)文章第三段可知,聯(lián)合國在地震減災(zāi)方面起到了非常重要的作用,它派出了許多地震專家到飽受地震襲擾的國家,與當(dāng)?shù)氐牡刭|(zhì)學(xué)家和工程師一起研究當(dāng)?shù)氐牡刭|(zhì)構(gòu)造及適合當(dāng)?shù)氐膶?shí)用的建筑法規(guī),并且如果這些專家提出的建議得到采納,災(zāi)難性的地震就會(huì)成為歷史。因此這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,最合適的是B put forwardproposals “提出建議”,故其為正確答案。

68. C 根據(jù)文章最后一段,海嘯的移動(dòng)速度緩慢,使人們得以及早發(fā)現(xiàn),以提前向沿岸的居民發(fā)出警告,離開海邊到高地去,但是人們卻無法阻止到來的巨浪。故選項(xiàng)C be warned early enough為正確答案。

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科目:高中英語 來源:2012-2013學(xué)年江西省高二第二次月考英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解

The Iceberg Was Only Part ofIt

What doomed the Titanic is well known, at least in outline. On a moonless night of April 15, 1912, the ship hit an iceberg in the North Atlantic ,with 1,500 lives lost.

A century later many people presented new theories to explain the real reason for the disaster. Now two new studies argue that rare states of nature played major roles in the disaster.

The first says Earth’s nearness to the Moon and the Sun — a proximity not matched in more than 1,000 years — resulted in record tides that help explain why the Titanic met with so much ice, including the fatal iceberg.

Recently, a team of researchers found an apparent explanation in the heavens. They discovered that Earth had come unusually close to the Sun and Moon that winter, enhancing their gravitational pulls on the ocean and producing record tides. The rare orbits took place between December 1911 and February 1912 — about two months before the disaster came about. The researchers suggest that the high tides refloated masses of icebergs traditionally stuck along the coastlines of Labrador and Newfoundland and sent them adrift into the North Atlantic shipping lanes.

And a second, put forward by a Titanic historian from Britain, contends that the icy waters created ideal conditions for an unusual type of mirage(海市蜃樓) that hid icebergs from lookouts whose duty was to watch carefully for danger ahead and confused a nearby ship as to the liner’s identity, delaying rescue efforts for hours.

Most people know mirages as natural phenomena caused when hot air near the Earth’s surface bends light rays upward. In a desert, the effect prompts lost travelers to mistake patches of blue sky for pools of water. But another kind of mirage occurs when cold air bends light rays downward. In that case, observers can see objects and settings far over the horizon. The images often undergo quick distortions — not unlike the wavy reflections in a funhouse mirror.

Now, scholars of the Titanic are debating these new theories. Some have different opinions on it. Over all, though, many experts are applauding the fresh perspectives. 

1.The underlined word "It" in the title probably refers to _______.

A.the Titanic

B.the cause of the disaster

C.the record tide

D.a(chǎn)n unusual mirage

2.According to Theory First, what was the right chain of causes leading to the Titanic’s disaster?

① record tides’ forming and icebergs’ being refloated

② icebergs’ being drifted into the North Atlantic shipping lanes

③ the Earth’s strange closing to the Sun and the Moon

④ increasing of the gravitational force on the ocean

A.①→②→③→④

B.②→③→④→①

C.④→③→②→①

D.③→④→①→②

3.According to Theory Second, the disaster happened to the Titanic mainly because______.

A.the freezing weather made the watcher not be able to watch clear

B.the mirage made the watcher not find icebergs and a nearby ship delay rescuing

C.the mirage on the sea attracted the watcher and made him forget his work

D.the high tides drove the icebergs float so fast that the watcher didn’t respond to them

4.What is the chief function of the sixth paragraph?

A.to explain to the readers the ways of the mirage forming

B.to infer the possibility of the mirage appearing

C.to summarize the various kinds of the mirage

D.to analyze the conditions of the mirage arising

5.This passage is organized generally in the pattern of________.

A.comparison and contrast

B.conclusion and proof

C.time and events

D.definition and classification(分類)

 

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科目:高中英語 來源:福建省福州市2009-2010學(xué)年度高二下學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考試卷(英語) 題型:完型填空

 

第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,共30分)

閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從36---55各題后的 A B C D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Childish Voice

When I was a young child, my parents often told me that it was time to teach a man everything. I didn’t understand and wondered why   36   had such a big influence   37   a person. I thought I could grow up quickly to find it out as an adult.But now,   38   I come to knock at the door of adulthood, I feel   39  to express my own  40    on this saying. I know that I’m just a high school student with very   41   experiences. There are still many things   42   me in the future, yet I would like to express myself in a childish voice.

I once read this sentence: “To make this world a happy place to live, you’d better   43   yourself and your heart , instead of the whole world.” I was shocked. It made me think about life   44   . There are so many things around us that    45    our will. We can’t force life    46    our wishes. The earth won’t stop turning no matter whether we   47   it or not. What we can do is just to make ourselves  48   the world. I think we should learn to accept   49   life gives us, no matter whether it’s the spring sunlight or the winter snowfall, and try to be happy.

Deeply moved by the pop song Grandmother (by Jay Chou), I always try to  50   every pleasant thing in my life, but now I see I don’t catch most of the pleasant moments. It is more   51   that they slip by and leave you feeling   52   . I realize that I’m not just living   53   myself and that there are the others around me I should think of .They all pay attention to my growing up, even if it’s just a little progress.

Everyone has his or her own attitude towards life, be it positive or   54   .It doesn’t matter, I think. There is one   55   that should be obeyed—and that’s to make this world better.

36.A.man                 B.time                        C.thing               D.parent

37.A.a(chǎn)bout                   B.with               C.on                          D.in

38.A.before             B.a(chǎn)fter                       C.a(chǎn)s                    D.when

39.A.a(chǎn)nxious       B.worried          C.tired                           D.glad

40.A.beliefs        B.opinions         C.confidences      D.expressions

41.A.a(chǎn) few          B.little                     C.few                      D.a(chǎn) little

42.A.waiting for     B.sticking with   C.dealing with     D.doing with

43.A.a(chǎn)sk                        B.change                C.exchange           D.force

44.A.myself                  B.itself               C.oneself         D.themselves

45.A.go with            B.go along            C.go ahead            D.go against

46.A. being followed  B. to be followed    C. following        D. to follow

47.A.receive                  B.a(chǎn)ccept               C.refuse             D.a(chǎn)pprove

48.A.fit in                 B.suit                       C.beat                     D.match

49.A.what                B.whatever                     C.which                  D.why

50.A.miss                 B.catch                   C.escape                D.lose

51.A.probably         B.likely                    C.possibly          D.unlikely

52.A.regretful        B.a(chǎn)wful                   C.successful       D.terrible

53.A.for                         B.by                    C.on                         D.with

54.A.wrong                  B.false                     C.negative                  D.true

55.A.point                B.rule                      C.thing                         D.word

 

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科目:高中英語 來源:福建省2009-2010學(xué)年度高二下學(xué)期4月月考英語試題 題型:閱讀理解

  Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature .However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球場) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.

There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.

64. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?

A. Cycling around a lake.         B. Motor racing in the desert.

C. Playing basketball in a gym.    D. Swimming in a sports center.

65. What do we know about golf from the passage?

A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.

B. It causes water shortages around the world.

C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.

D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.

66. The author uses power walking as an example mainly because______.

A. it is an outdoor sport     B. it improves our health

C. it uses fewer resources    D. it is recommended by experts

67. The author writes the passage to_______.

A. show us the function of major sports

B. encourage us to go in for green sports

C. discuss the major influence of popular sports

D. introduce different types of environment-friendly sports

 

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科目:高中英語 來源:浙江省杭州市2009-2010學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試試題(英語) 題型:閱讀理解

Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface. Earthquakes happen along "fault lines" in the earth’s crust. Earthquakes can be felt over large areas although they usually last less than one minute. Earthquakes cannot be predicted -- although scientists are working on it!

Most of the time, you will notice an earthquake by the gentle shaking of the ground. You may notice hanging plants swaying or objects wobbling on shelves. Sometimes you may hear a low rumbling noise or feel a sharp jolt. A survivor of the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco said the sensation was like riding a bicycle down a long flight of stairs.

The intensity of an earthquake can be measured. One measurement is called the Richter scale. Earthquakes below 4.0 on the Richter scale usually do not cause damage, and earthquakes below 2.0 usually can’t be felt. Earthquakes over 5.0 on the scale can cause damage. A magnitude 6.0 earthquake is considered strong and a magnitude 7.0 is a major earthquake. The Northridge Earthquake, which hit Southern California in 1994, was magnitude 6.7.

Earthquakes are sometimes called temblors, quakes, shakers or seismic activity. The most important thing to remember during an earthquake is to DROP, COVER and HOLD ON. So remember to DROP to the floor and get under something for COVER and HOLD ON during the shaking.

1. Which statement about earthquakes is not correct?

A. Earthquakes are the result of the sudden shock of the earth’s surface.

B. Earthquakes usually can be felt because they can last for a long time.

C. There are usually some signs for people to notice an earthquake.

D. People can feel an earthquake over 6.0 because it is very strong.

2. According to the passage, when the earthquake happened, a survivor of the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco_______.

A. was riding a bicycle                    B. was just climbing the stairs

C. heard a low rumbling noise                 D. felt like riding a bicycle

3. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Most of the time, people can not feel or predict the earthquakes.  

B. Earthquakes are sometimes called temblors, quakes shakers or seismic activity.

C. The Northridge Earthquake in Southern California in 1994 caused severe damage.

D. When an earthquake happens, it is important to drop on the floor immediately.

 

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科目:高中英語 來源:江蘇省200910學(xué)年度高一下學(xué)期期末考試試題(英語) 題型:閱讀理解

 

HANGZHOU-As a major province neighboring Shanghai, Zhejiang is set to benefit from the Expo in the city this year in more ways than one.

 According to a survey from the Bureau of Shanghai World Expo Coordination, 80 percent of the respondents (回答者) going to the Expo have plans to travel and 75 percent of them will go to nearby places, such as Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces. Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing and Wuxi are the most popular sites, where tourism will be the best winner.

It is estimated (估計(jì)) that 70 million visitors will come to the Expo. During the peak time, as many as 700,000 people will visit Shanghai every day.

 When all services such as hotels, meeting rooms, and transportation in Shanghai are full, it is possible for other activities to be held in nearby cities. And this is the golden opportunity for developing local tourism. The local hotel industry will benefit directly from the event.

Due to the Shanghai World Expo, Zhejiang will attract 20 million visitors within half a year. It will encourage local industries, such as catering, tourism, entertainment and shopping. More than 50 travel routines (線路) connecting Shanghai and other tourism spots, such as the West Lake in Hangzhou, gardens in Suzhou, and the waterscape in Shaoxing, will be introduced to the world. So far, local travel bureaus in Hangzhou, Ningbo, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Zhoushan, and Wenzhou have already sent special work teams to Shanghai to present their special tourism attractions to visitors.

 The sharing and the connections of tourism resources as well as customer and service systems will also promote the areas in the Yangtze River Delta, which will in turn help to shape sustainable (可持續(xù)的), healthy tourism for the future.

64. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Hangzhou-the Heaven on earth

B. The Expo Shanghai 2010-a great success

C. Being at right place, right time for traveling

D. A good chance to develop tourism and others

65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

   A. There will be more than 50 travel routines in Shanghai.

   B. 75% of the people in Zhejiang will go to visit the Expo.

C. The local tourism will benefit a lot due to the Expo.

D. Hangzhou will benefit the most from the Expo.

66. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. More cities in neighboring provinces will be better known to the world.

B. Work teams have been sent to Shanghai to present the attractions to visitors.

C. As many as 700,000 people will visit Shanghai every day.

D. The Shanghai World Expo will promote all industries.

67. Which section of a newspaper may the article be taken from?

A. opinion        B. advertisement              C. news                D. sports

 

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