Question

【題目】D

Dogs can be trained to identify the smell of lung cancer long before symptoms develop.

A new study is the first to show that sniffer dogs can be relied upon to find the unique smell of the disease of in 7 out of 10 sniffers. Researchers from a hospital in Germany believe dogs could become even better at picking out cancer cases with more training, but the final goal is to identify the cancer-specific chemical compounds the dogs can smell, and develop a device that could be used to help diagnose lung-cancer victims at an earlier stage.

Lung cancer is Britain’s deadliest cancer, with over 39.000 cases diagnosed annually, of which only 25 percent will survive for a year, since the disease is mostly found at an advanced stage, when it is very difficult to treat. Early detection is often by chance, although scientists have been working on using samples of exhaled(呼出的) breath from patients for future screening. They attempt to use the samples to locate volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in the breath that are linked to the presence of cancer, but no reliable methods have been found so far that are lung-specific.

The researchers combined this approach with recent findings about the abilities of some dogs to alert their owners to undiagnosed cancer, probably through smell. This latest study used family dogs, which were given special training over an 11-week period to identify a VOC in the breath of patient.

The researches worked with 220 volunteers, including patients with lung cancer at early and advanced stage, patients with chronic pulmonary disease(慢性肺炎), and healthy volunteers. The dogs took part in a number of tests to see if they could reliably distinguish compounds in the breath of lung-cancer patients-even if they smoked. The dogs were asked to sniff glass tubes containing cotton impregnated(浸染) with samples of breath from those taking part and had to lie down if they detected a VOC from a lung cancer patient.

The dogs successfully identified 71 samples with lung cancer out of a possible 100. They also correctly detected 372 samples that did not have lung cancer out of a posible 400.

【1】What can we conclude from the research according to the passage?

A. The volunteers included patients with various cancer successfully

B. It used police dogs specially trained over a period.

C. It aimed to see if dogs could sniff cancer-specific compounds.

D. The dogs identified 372 samples with lung cancer successfully.

【2】We can infer from the passage that a VOC is probably a kind of _____.

A. liquid B. drug C. equipment D. chemical

【3】Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?

A. The research involved about a hundred dogs in all.

B. Dogs can usually detect the lung cancer patients well.

C. There are about 39,000 lung-cancer patients in Britain every year.

D. Lung cancer is Britain’s biggest cancer killer.

【4】What can be the best title of the passage?

A. A New Way to Treat Cancer

B. A New Way to Detect Disease

C. Dogs Can Sniff out Cancer

D. Dogs Can Protect People from Cancer

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】A

【4】C

【解析】

試題分析：文章大意：文章主要介紹了通過訓(xùn)練狗來達(dá)到對(duì)于肺癌的檢測(cè)。（文章材料出自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，試題改編）

【1】C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 依據(jù)文章第二段中的“but the final goal is to identify the cancer-specific chemical compounds the dogs can smell”可知答案。

【2】D 詞義猜測(cè)題 依據(jù)文章第三段中的“They attempt to use the samples to locate volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in the breath that are linked to the presence of cancer”可知它應(yīng)該是一種呼吸出來的物質(zhì)，故選D。

【3】A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 依據(jù)文章最后一段中的“The dogs successfully identified 71 samples with lung cancer out of a possible 100”可知文章只是涉及到100個(gè)樣本而沒有提及有100只狗，其余三項(xiàng)文章都有所涉及，故選A。

【4】C 標(biāo)題主旨題 依據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容判斷主要講的是通過對(duì)狗的培訓(xùn)來達(dá)到對(duì)肺癌的判斷，故C項(xiàng)符合。