A new set of brain images shows why : Reading the Roman alphabets and Chinese characters uses different parts of the brain.
The results also suggest that Chinese schoolchildren have reading problems in a different part of the brain used in reading alphabet-based languages. This shows that the learning disorder dyslexia ( inability to read properly) is not the same in very culture and does not have a universal biological cause.
Scientists described the results as “ very important and revolutionary”. While dyslexia has certain common roots, they said, they now have some proof that this kind of functional problem works differently according to the different demands that Western and Eastern languages place on the brain.
Dyslexia is a common developmental disorder in which people of normal intelligence have difficulty learning to read, spell and master other language skills.
The results suggest that treating dyslexia around the world probably will require different treatments.
“Reading is complex,” said Guinevere Eden, Georgetown University professor. “ This shows we need to be more open-minded about diverse treatment approaches.”
Its origins are complex. There appears to be a genetic aspect to the illness. It also may result from brain injury before birth that changes visual and hearing pathways in the brain.
Earlier brain scans show that English-reading dyslexics don’t function properly in a left part of the brain associated with the awareness of 44 sounds from the English alphabet. However, according to the new study, reading Chinese uses some different parts of the brain located in the left-front of the brain. It is associated with symbol interpretation. Unlike alphabet letters, Chinese characters represent entire thoughts and physical objects.

Dyslexia

Definition

a learning(71)______ in which people of average IQ find it (72)_____to learn to read and acquire other language skills

Origins

Genetic causes or brain (73)______ before birth, which affects (74) and hearing abilities

 

Finding of the earlier study

(75)_____reading dyslexics don’t function properly in a left part of the brain

Discovery of the new study

Reading Chinese uses the(76) _____part of the brain

Conclusion

Reading Roman alphabets and reading Chinese characters place different(77)____on the brain. Dyslexia is not the same in every(78) _____and does not have the same(79)_____roots.

(80)_______

Dyslexia needs to be treated in different ways

 

參考答案：

71-80  disorder/problem   difficult/ hard   injury/damage   visual 
 English/Alphabet   left-front   demands/requirements   culture   biological   Solution

 

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2013屆安徽省師大附中高三第七次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

SEE a cell phone cover that you like on Taobao? Forget about placing an order, paying the bill online and waiting for days for it to be delivered to you. In the near future, you'll be able to get it in minutes just by hit­ting "print" on your computer.
You might find it hard to believe that you could actually "print" an object like you would a picture. But it is not that hard to under­stand how it would work. Just as a traditional printer sprays (噴) ink onto paper line by line, modern 3-D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer, from the bottom to the top, gradually building up a shape.
Instead of ink, the materials the 3-D printer uses are mainly plastic, resin (樹(shù)脂)and certain metals. The thinner each layer is --- from a millimeter to less than the width of a hair ---  the smoother and finer the object will be.
This may sound like a completely new technology, but the truth is that 3-D printing has been around since the late 1980s. Back then, it was barely affordable for most people, so few knew about it.
Last year, though, saw a big change in the 3-D printing industry--- printers became much cheaper. For example, 10 years ago a desktop 3-D printer might have cost £20,000 (200,000 yuan), while now they cost only about £ 1,000, according to the BBC.
Taken out of the factory and in­troduced to more diverse and com­mon uses, 3-D printing can create just about anything you can think of ---flutes (笛子), bikinis, jewelry, aircraft parts and even human organs. In fact, scientists from Cornell Univer­sity in New York have just made an artificial ear using a 3-D printer, accord­ing to Science Daily. The fake ear looks and acts exactly like a natural one.
However, as 3-D printing becomes more commonplace, it may bring about certain problems --- such as piracy. "Once you can download a coffee maker, or print out a new set of kitchen utensils (餐具) on your personal 3-D printer, who will visit a retail (零售的) store again?" an expert in 3-D printing told Forbes News. Even more frightening, what if anyone in the world could use a 3-D printer to print out a fully functioning gun?
【小題1】According to the article, in the future, the 3-D printing technology will ___.

A．enable people to make better purchases online
B．be applied as widely in our daily lives as computers
C．change the way we make many products
D．shorten the time it takes for people to get what they buy online
【小題2】What was the big event happening in the 3-D printing industry last year?
A．The 3-D printing technology was taken out ofthe factory.
B．The 3-D printer became more affordable forconsumers.
C．The 3-D printer was used for medical treatmentfor the first time.
D．3-D printing technology began to be used invarious fields.
【小題3】How is the last paragraph developed?
A．By analyzing a cause and an effect.B．By making comparisons.
C．By giving examples.D．By presenting research findings.
【小題4】What is the best title of the passage?
A．Printing out everythingB．Technology in the future
C．Online shopping disappearingD．Great demand for 3-D printers

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年安徽省渦陽(yáng)四中高二下學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

See a cell phone cover that you like on Taobao? Forget about placing an order, paying the bill online and waiting for days for it to be delivered to you. In the near future, you'll be able to get it in minutes just by hitting "print" on your computer.
You might find it hard to believe that you could actually "print" an object like you would a picture. But it is not that hard to understand how it would work. Just as a traditional printer sprays (噴) ink onto paper line by line, modern 3-D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer, from the bottom to the top, gradually building up a shape.
Instead of ink, the materials the 3-D printer uses are mainly plastic, resin (樹(shù)脂)and certain metals. The thinner each layer is --- from a millimeter to less than the width of a hair ---  the smoother and finer the object will be.
This may sound like a completely new technology, but the truth is that 3-D printing has been around since the late 1980s. Back then, it was hardly affordable for most people, so few knew about it.
Last year, though, saw a big change in the 3-D printing industry--- printers became much cheaper. For example, 10 years ago a desktop 3-D printer might have cost £20,000 (200,000 yuan), while now they cost only about £ 1,000, according to the BBC.
Taken out of the factory and introduced to more diverse and common uses, 3-D printing can create just about anything you can think of ---flutes (笛子), bikinis, jewelry, aircraft parts and even human organs. In fact, scientists from Cornell University in New York have just made an artificial ear using a 3-D printer, according to Science Daily. The fake ear looks and acts exactly like a natural one.
However, as 3-D printing becomes more common, it may bring about certain problems --- such as piracy(盜版). "Once you can download a coffee maker, or print out a new set of kitchen utensils (餐具) on your personal 3-D printer, who will visit a retail (零售的) store again?" an expert in 3-D printing told Forbes News. Even more frightening, what if anyone in the world could use a 3-D printer to print out a fully functioning gun?
【小題1】According to the article, in the future, the 3-D printing technology will ___.

A．enable people to make better purchases online
B．be applied as widely in our daily lives as computers
C．change the way we make many products
D．shorten the time it takes for people to get what they buy online
【小題2】What was the big event happening in the 3-D printing industry last year?
A．The 3-D printing technology was taken out ofthe factory.
B．The 3-D printer became more affordable forconsumers.
C．The 3-D printer was used for medical treatmentfor the first time.
D．3-D printing technology began to be used invarious fields.
【小題3】How is the last paragraph developed?
A．By analyzing a cause and an effect.B．By making comparisons.
C．By giving examples.D．By presenting research findings.
【小題4】What is the best title of the passage?
A．Printing out everythingB．Technology in the future
C．Online shopping disappearingD．Great demand for 3-D printers

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012屆陜西省寶雞市群力中學(xué)高三第一次診斷性考試英語(yǔ) 題型：填空題

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下框的A-F選項(xiàng)中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。

A．Focus on your relationships．
B．Think about what to do next step．
C．Take good care of your body．
D．Try to avoid over thinking．
E．Set up a proper goal for yourself．
F．Practice acts of kindness．
Five Happiness Secrets For Tough Times
Sonja Lyubomirsky, an author, has researched the science of happiness for years．
Here are her tips to help you cope with a bad economy, and increase your bursts of happiness throughout the day．
【小題1】________
“You could spend a lot of time thinking deeply,” says Lyubomirsky．“But that just makes you feel even more pessimistic, more out of control, and affects your self esteem．Your relationships will suffer and your job performance will suffer．”
Get rid of pessimism．One of the most effective ways to cope when things are difficult is to adopt a positive thinking strategy．“What can I learn from this? Times are tough, I’ve been furloughed at work, but I can spend more time with the kids, adopt a new hobby, or learn a new set of skills．”
【小題2】________
Now more than ever we need each other to survive．Lyubomirsky found that doing good things for friends, family, or strangers can make you happier．Think of practical, everyday gestures that can make someone’s life a little bit easier．For example, Lyubomirsky says, “Maybe now many of us can’t afford to take a cab to the airport, so offer to give a friend a ride．”
【小題3】________
You don’t need an expert to tell you that relationships are critical to happiness．
Not being the bread-winner anymore or not being able to fulfill your kid’s needs can weigh down hard on your family life．But the trick is to stop feeling guilty and focus on caring for your loved ones．
“I was at a psychology conference where an expert was talking about the effects of this economy on families and how parents can’t afford to buy their kids luxuries like toys anymore,” says Lyubomirsky．“But what they don’t realize is that kids don’t care about toys — what they care about is parents being grumpy and taking it out on them．”
【小題4】________
“If you find a happy person you will find a project,” says Lyubomirsky．“Happy people all have goals they care about．”
Commit yourself to a project – whether it is a business you want to start or a dance you want to learn．But it’s also important to remember to be flexible in these times．
Don’t get frustrated if circumstances are stopping you from meeting your goals．Adopt and change!
“If your spouse has lost their job you might have to change your goal,” says Lyubomirsky．“Or you might have to learn a whole new skill for a new job．”
【小題5】________
When times are tough, it’s easy to get skip your regular workouts in favor of moping in front of the TV and eating a bag of chips．Your thinking is “I have more important things to worry about right now than looking good．”
But carve out a small part of your day to give your body some TLC．It will go a long way in boosting your happiness．“Even if you can’t afford to go to the gym,”
Lyubomirsky says, “take time out to exercise at home．”

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015屆江西省高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Sir,

Just over six months ago, I saw an advertisement in the Morning Mail for a set of the complete works of William Shakespeare. Your company, Cosmo books Ltd., offered this set (eight books of plays and two books of poetry) at what was claimed to be a ‘remarkable’ price: fifteen pounds and fifty pence, including postage and packing. I had wanted a set of Shakespeare’s plays and poems for some time, and these books, in red imitation leather, looked particularly attractive; so I sent for them.

Two weeks later, the books arrived, together with a set of the complete works of Charles Dickens which I had not ordered. So I returned the Dickens books to you, with a cheque for fifteen pounds and fifty pence for the works of Shakespeare. Two more weeks passed. Then there arrived on my door step a second set of the works of Shakespeare, the same set of novels by Dickens and a six book set of the plays of Moliere, in French. Since I do not read French, these were of no use to me at all. However, I could not afford to post all these books back to you, so I wrote to you at the end of August of last year, instructing you to come and collect all the books that I did not want, and asking you not to send any other books until further notice.

You did not reply to that letter. Instead you sent me a bill for forty two pounds, and a set of the plays of Schiller, in German. Since then, a new set of books has arrived every two weeks, the works of Goethe, the poems of Milton, the plays of Strindberg; I hardly know what I have. The books are still all in their boxes, in the garage, and my car has to stand in the rain outside.

I have no room for any more books, and even if I read from now until the Last Judgment, I should not finish reading all the books that you have sent me.

Please send no more books, send no more bills, send no more angry letters demanding payment. Just send one large lorry and take all the books away, leaving me only with the one set of the complete works of Shakespeare for which I have paid.

Yours faithfully,

SIMON WALKER

1.Simon Walker wrote the letter to ________

A．show his anger to Cosmo Books Ltd..

B．complain about getting books he didn’t want.

C．a(chǎn)dvise readers not to order books from Cosmo Books Ltd..

D．urge for the final solution to the problem with the unwanted books.

2.The advertisement that Mr. Walker saw in the Morning Mail was for ________

A．unlimited number of Cosmo Books.

B．a(chǎn) set of 10 books of the works of Shakespeare.

C．fifteen pounds and fifty pence.

D．a(chǎn) book containing all the plays and poems of Shakespeare.

3.Mr. Walker answered the advertisement because ________

A．he wanted a set of Shakespeare’s works which was a good bargain

B．he claimed that the books were being offered at a remarkable price.

C．he had ordered the set and had been waiting for them to come for some time.

D．the set he already had was not particularly attractive.

4.It can be inferred that _______

A．Cosmo Books have sent bills for books that they have not sent.

B．Mr. Walker took some action after receiving the books he did not order.

C．Mr. Walker hasn’t received the books that he ordered.

D．Several sets of books have been sent to Mr. Walker free of charge.

5.The tone of the letter is that of _______

A．bitterness         B．respect           C．a(chǎn)nnoyance        D．humor

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2013屆江西省吉安市西路片七校高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Sir,

Just over six months ago, I saw an advertisement in the Morning Mail for a set of the complete works of William Shakespeare. Your company, Cosmo books Ltd., offered this set (eight books of plays and two books of poetry) at what was claimed to be a ‘remarkable’ price: fifteen pounds and fifty pence, including postage and packing. I had wanted a set of Shakespeare’s plays and poems for some time, and these books, in red imitation leather, looked particularly attractive; so I sent for them.

Two weeks later, the books arrived, together with a set of the complete works of Charles Dickens which I had not ordered. So I returned the Dickens books to you, with a cheque for fifteen pounds and fifty pence for the works of Shakespeare. Two more weeks passed. Then there arrived on my door step a second set of the works of Shakespeare, the same set of novels by Dickens and a six book set of the plays of Moliere, in French. Since I do not read French, these were of no use to me at all. However, I could not afford to post all these books back to you, so I wrote to you at the end of August of last year, instructing you to come and collect all the books that I did not want, and asking you not to send any other books until further notice.

You did not reply to that letter. Instead you sent me a bill for forty two pounds, and a set of the plays of Schiller, in German. Since then, a new set of books has arrived every two weeks, the works of Goethe, the poems of Milton, the plays of Strindberg; I hardly know what I have. The books are still all in their boxes, in the garage, and my car has to stand in the rain outside.

I have no room for any more books, and even if I read from now until the Last Judgment, I should not finish reading all the books that you have sent me.

Please send no more books, send no more bills, send no more angry letters demanding payment. Just send one large lorry and take all the books away, leaving me only with the one set of the complete works of Shakespeare for which I have paid.

Yours faithfully,

SIMON WALKER

1. Simon Walker wrote the letter to ________

A．urge for the final solution to the problem with the unwanted books.

B．complain about getting books he didn’t want.

C．a(chǎn)dvise readers not to order books from Cosmo Books Ltd..

D．show his anger to Cosmo Books Ltd..

2. The advertisement that Mr. Walker saw in the Morning Mail was for ________

A．unlimited number of Cosmo Books.

B．fifteen pounds and fifty pence.

C．a(chǎn) set of 10 books of the works of Shakespeare.

D．a(chǎn) book containing all the plays and poems of Shakespeare.

3.Mr. Walker answered the advertisement because ________

A．he claimed that the books were being offered at a remarkable price.

B．he wanted a set of Shakespeare’s works which was a good bargain

C．he had ordered the set and had been waiting for them to come for some time.

D．the set he already had was not particularly attractive.

4. It can be inferred that _______

A．Cosmo Books have sent bills for books that they have not sent.

B．Several sets of books have been sent to Mr. Walker free of charge.

C．Mr. Walker hasn’t received the books that he ordered.

D．Mr. Walker took some action after receiving the books he did not order.

5.. The tone of the letter is that of _______

A．bitterness

B．respect

C．humor

D．a(chǎn)nnoyance

 

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案