Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古學(xué)家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.
“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.
The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground.
The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.
Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.
Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”
The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.

  1. 1.

    According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ______.

    1. A.
      it is only a temporary measure on the human remains
    2. B.
      it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research
    3. C.
      it was introduced by the government without their knowledge
    4. D.
      it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains
  2. 2.

    Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

    1. A.
      Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.
    2. B.
      Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.
    3. C.
      Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.
    4. D.
      Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.
  3. 3.

    What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?

    1. A.
      The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.
    2. B.
      The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.
    3. C.
      The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.
    4. D.
      The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.
  4. 4.

    Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

    1. A.
      New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.
    2. B.
      Research time should be extended, scientists require.
    3. C.
      Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.
    4. D.
      Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

The food we eat seems to have great effects on our health. Although science has made great steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to diet as well. Different cultures are subject to certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery.

In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates(硝酸鹽) and nitrites(亞硝酸鹽), commonly used to keep color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels(標(biāo)簽) of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to cows and chick and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows.

Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market. Although the FDA has tried repeatedly to control these, the practices continue.

How has science done a bad service to mankind?

A. Diseases caused by food have been done away with.

B. It has caused a lack of information about the value of food.

C. Some harmful materials have been added to our food.

D. Scientists have made food more expensive to eat.

What are nitrates used for?

A. They help process packaged food.        

B. They keep the color in meats.

C. They cure diseases of cows and chickens.

D. They cause the animals to become fatter.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. You can find out harmful additives on the packaging labels of food.

B. Drugs given to animals are not all for medical reasons.

C. Researchers knew about the harm of food additives about 60 years ago.

D. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world.

According to the passage, the FDA might be _________.

A. an organization which controls the safety of food    

B. a producer which makes additives

C. a factory which processes food                   

D. a hospital which cures cancer

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2010屆上海市高三八校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題 題型：閱讀理解

In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence--- as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch（關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻）, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instinct remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learned that violence never solves a problem but makes it even acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed（流血）, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.
The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persuaded by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement（執(zhí)行）. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.
72. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Advocating Violence.            
B. Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice
C. Violence as a Legitimate Solution  
D. Violence: The Instinct of Human Race
73. Recorded history has taught us __________.
A. violence never solves anything   B. nothing
C. the bloodshed means nothing     D. everything
74. It can be inferred that truly reasonable men ________.
A. can’t get a hearing   B. are looked down upon 
C. are persecuted      D. have difficulty in advocating law enforcement
75. According to the author, the best way to solve race prejudice is ________.
A. law enforcement   B. knowledge  C. nonviolence   D. mopping up the violent mess

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：江蘇省宿遷市2010屆高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試試題（英語(yǔ)） 題型：閱讀理解


第三部分: 閱讀理解 (共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
BEIJING - TV viewers may no longer be able to hear English abbreviations（縮寫(xiě)）, like "NBA" (National Basketball Association), from mainland broadcasters.
China Central Television (CCTV) and Beijing Television (BTV) confirmed to China Daily on Tuesday that they had received a notice from a related government department, asking them to avoid using certain English abbreviations in Chinese programs.
The channels, however, did not reveal exactly how many English abbreviations are listed in the notice.
The Hangzhou-based Today Morning Express reported on Tuesday that a number of provincial television stations have also received the notice.
Broadcasters and journalists have been asked to provide Chinese explanations for unavoidable English abbreviations in their programs, the report said.
The notice not only limits the use of English abbreviations in sports news, but also in economic and political news. Abbreviations such as "GDP" (gross domestic product), "WTO" (World Trade Organization) and "CPI" (consumer price index) will also be substituted with their Chinese pronunciations, it said.
The country's top watchdog on television and radio, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, refused to comment.
The move comes after a growing number of national legislators and political advisors called for preventive measures to preserve the purity of the Chinese language.
"If we don't pay attention and don't take measures to stop mixing Chinese with English, the Chinese language won't remain pure in a couple of years," said Huang Youyi, editor-in-chief of the China International Publishing Group and secretary-general of the Translators' Association of China.
"In the long run, Chinese will lose its role as an independent linguistic system for passing on information and expressing human feelings," he told China Daily in an earlier interview.
According to his proposal, all documents and speeches of top government officials should be written in pure Chinese, without the use of English abbreviations such as GDP, WTO or CPI.
His proposal also noted that a law or regulation should be introduced to serve as a guideline for the use of foreign words in domestic publications, and that a national translation committee should be set up to translate foreign names and technical terms, which can then be published on a website.
The restricted use of English abbreviations on Chinese television programs has provoked a debate among scholars.
"It makes no sense to introduce a regulation to prevent the use of English in the Chinese language in the face of globalization," Liu Yaoying, a professor at the Communication University of China, said on Tuesday. "It is cultural conservatism."
"If Western countries can accept some Chinglish words, why can't the Chinese language be mixed with English?"
The Singaporean newspaper New Straits Times and London's Daily Telegraph both used Chinese Pinyin Lianghui in their reports about the annual meeting of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, rather than using English to paraphrase the proceedings.
Governments of some Western countries have also attempted to preserve the purity of their languages.
For example, France is a country known for its linguistic pride. Its government outlaws advertising in English and mandates a 40 percent quota of French songs on the radio, according to a Christian Science Monitor report.
56. Who issued the ban on English abbreviation?
A. China Central Television.          B. Beijing Television.  
C. an authority department.          D. a number of national political advisors.
57. The purpose for which was the ban proposed was __________.
A. to preserve the purity of the Chinese language     
B. to improve our international communication
C. to standardize the functioning of radio and TV stations
D. to prevent foreign languages interfere with teach of Chinese in schools
58. By calling the regulation “cultural conservatism”, Mr Liu Yaoying meant to show his _________ for the move.
A. approval     B. criticism      C. appreciation       D. disappointment
59. The most likely opinion of the writer of this news report tends to be _________ towards the newly introduced regulation.
A. critical       B. positive       C. negative          D. neutral

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：吉林省長(zhǎng)春市十一高中2009-2010學(xué)年度高一下學(xué)期期末 題型：閱讀理解


The unimaginable earthquake in Haiti has shocked the world. Thanks to modern communication technology, the world has seen the scale of destruction by the 7.0- magnitude quake. Images on TV and the Internet show the Haiti capital has been reduced to rubble and helpless survivors waiting for relief.
So far, at least 50,000 people are feared dead, and tens of thousands left injured or homeless in one of the poorest countries in the West. The number of dead is rising with each passing hour for a few days. Considering Haiti’s total population is only about 8.5 million, the extent of damage will reach every field of the country’s social structures.
Rescuers from countries such as China, the United States, France and Dominican Republic have already reached Haiti, carrying necessary things like food and medicines, life-detecting devices and other rescue equipment. Politicians，workers and Hollywood actors have opened their wallets and called for donations to help disaster relief. The whole world is ready to help them. The world is a village today where no one can remain indifferent when a neighbor falls in disaster.
The suffering of people anywhere in the world strikes the hearts of Chinese people. The death of eight Chinese peacekeepers in Haiti has little to do with it. Chinese people feel a special sympathy for Haitians because just less than 20 months ago they were struggling to rise from the earthquake.
Though Beijing and Port-au-Prince have no diplomatic relations, China was among the first nations to send a rescue team and to announce a donation. In the face of natural disasters, respect for human lives overtakes diplomacy and national boundaries. We share the pain of the Haitian people, and we believe China’s experience in rescue and operations and reconstructions will help reduce that pain.
The most pressing task after a quake is the golden-hour rescue operation. Many Haitians are buried under rubble, and relentless efforts must be made to save as many of them as possible. Yet there remains a question on how effectively the flows of aid from around the world be managed. It is here that the UN can play the leading role, for it should be responsible for common humanitarian efforts from across the globe to reach the benefits to the maximum number of people.
After the 2004 tsunami killed more than 200,000 people in Asia, some experts said the UN needed to build a well-equipped and trained force disaster rescue specialists and keep it on standby to help people after natural disasters such as the Haiti quake. It is time the UN gave the idea a serious thought, for a life-saving force could play as important as its peacekeeping soldiers.
60.According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A.The number of Haiti’s total population is about 8.5 billion
B.Rescuers from many countries have reached Haiti, carrying necessary things like food, water and medicines.
C.Chinese people feel a special sympathy for Haitians because we have the same experiences.
D.The flows of aid from the world has been managed well.
61.The word “indifferent” underlined in the third paragraph most probably means ______.
A.cruel         B.friendly        C.cold         D.warm
62. We can infer that people around the world actively help the Haitians because ______.
A.people among countries have close relations
B.earthquake is a natural disaster, people respect human lives, and show common feelings to people in trouble
C.people should be responsible
D.people have ever been rescued by Haitians
63.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A.The UN plays an important role
B.We are with you, Haiti
C.People share the pain with the Haitian people
D.Modern communication technology is used widely

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年甘肅省武威第五中學(xué)高一9月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：填空題

閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。首先，請(qǐng)閱讀以下世界古代奇觀的簡(jiǎn)介：
　　A.  The Great Wall was begun more than two thousand years ago.  It was built to keep out invaders.  It extends about six thousand seven hundred kilometers across northern China.  Today,  the Chinese government is working to repairparts of the wall and protect as much of it as possible.  The Great Wall of China is one of the largest building projects ever attempted.  It is also the only object built by people that can be seen from space.
B.  The Coliseum in Rome,  Italy was built almost two thousand years ago.  The ancient Roman sports center could hold fifty thousand people who gathered there to watch public events.  Experts say it is one of the finest examples of Roman design and engineering.
C.  The city of Machu Picchu in Peru includes some of the best stone works ever built.  The ancient Inca people built Machu Picchu high in the Andes Mountains,  northwest of the city of Cuzco.  Machu Picchu is about thirteen square kilometers.  Historians say it might have been one of the last places of safety for the Incas who were fleeing invaders from Spain.
D.  India is famous for its temples and buildings.  The most famous is the Taj Mahal,  considered one of the most beautiful buildings ever built.  The fifth Mughal emperor,  Shah Jahan,  ordered it built in Agra in sixteen thirty-one.  He built it as a burial place in memory of his wife.  The Taj Mahal has tiny colorful stones inlaid in white marble.  The structure seems to change color during different times of the day and night.
E.  Abu Simbel was built more than three thousand years ago.  It is about 280 kilometers south of Aswan on the western bank of the Nile River.  It took an army of workmen and artists more than thirty years to cut the huge temple into the face of a rock mountain.  In front of the main temple are four huge statues of Ramses the Second.  Each statue is about twenty meters high.
F.  Stonehenge also belongs on a list of ancient wonders. It is a circle of huge stones in southeastern England.  Experts believe work began on Stonehenge about five thousand years ago.  We know very little about Stonehenge. We do not even know how these huge stones were moved to the area.  Much has been written about Stonehenge,  but experts say they still are not sure what it was used for.
以下是旅行者的信息，請(qǐng)匹配他們計(jì)劃參觀的世界奇觀。
【小題1】Mr.  Smith, who comes from Rome, Italy,  plans to visit Asia.  He hears about a beautiful building which tells a moving story about the love between an ancient ruler and his wife. ＿＿
【小題2】Li Hua, who has been to the Great Wall several times, plans to visit an ancient wonder in Europe which has as long a history as the Great Wall. ＿
73.  Cindy, who comes from India, plans to visit an ancient temple on the bank of a famous river in Africa.  The temple, in front of which there were some huge statues,  is one of the greatest stone works ever built. ＿
【小題3】Jack will visit one of the oldest stone works ever built by people.  It was made up of huge stones, but how ancient people moved the stones and why they built it remain a mystery.＿
【小題4】A scientist will be sent into space.  He hopes he can see an object built by human beings when he looks at our earth with his bare eyes. ＿＿

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