Butterflies are some of the most fascinating and beautiful insects in the world. Adult butterflies will live about 2 to 4 weeks. They use their senses of sight, touch, hearing, smell, and taste to survive in the world, find food and mates, lay eggs in an appropriate place, migrate, and avoid hungry enemies.
Butterflies have large compound eyes, which allow them to see in all directions without turning their heads. Like most insects, butterflies are very near­sighted, so they are more attracted to a sea of flowers than individual plants. Butterflies do not “see” colors such as red, green, and yellow, but they can sense sunlight, which indicates the direction the sun is shining, as well as ultraviolet light, which is present on many flowers and guides butterflies to honey sources.
Butterflies have a very well-developed sense of smell, but it is not in their nose, since they don't have one. Sense receptors are located in their antennae, feet, and many other parts of the body. They can help butterflies find their favorite flower honey food, and mates.
Butterflies' feet have sense organs that can taste the sugar in flower honey, letting the butterflies know if something is good to eat or not. Some females also carefully choose host plants by tasting to find appropriate places to lay their eggs. Adult butterflies feed their babies using a long tube. Butterflies force blood into the tube to straighten it out, allowing them to feed. Butterflies get all their food from this tube.
Butterflies don't have ears. Instead they “hear” sounds through their wings by sensing changes in sound vibrations.
Butterflies may possess senses we don't even know about yet, because their body structure is very different from ours, and therefore difficult to understand, when observed through our own human senses.
小題1:The text mainly focuses on ________.
A．butterflies' living habitsB．butterflies' beauty
C．butterflies' sensesD．butterflies' daily activities
小題2:What can we learn from the 2nd paragraph?
A．Butterflies can see in all directions and don't need to turn heads.
B．Butterflies have good eyesight.
C．Butterflies are sensitive to bright colors including red and yellow.
D．Butterflies cannot sense the ultraviolet light.
小題3:Why do female adult butterflies carefully choose the host plants?
A．To find high­qualified honey.
B．To have a good place for living.
C．To make it easier for them to hide from the enemies.
D．To find a proper place for their eggs.

小題1:C
小題2:A
小題3:D

試題分析：文章介紹了蝴蝶的各種感覺，包括每種感覺器官的功能和作用。
小題1:主旨題：題目的意思是“文章主要專注于什么？”。在文中第一句話“Butterflies have large compound eyes, which allow them to see in all directions without turning their heads.可以體現(xiàn)出來，說明這篇文章主要講的是蝴蝶的感覺，因此選C。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題：題目的意思是“我們從第二段了解到什么?”第二段的最后一句話“Such an inverted status display is most likely to occur where the person’s high status is conveyed in ways other than with clothing, such as having a famous face.”可知蝴蝶可以看見四面八方，不用轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)頭，選A。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)題：題目的意思是“為什么雌蝴蝶仔細(xì)選擇植物?”根據(jù)第四段的句子：Some females also carefully choose host plants by tasting to find appropriate places to lay their eggs.可知她們是想找一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤疆a(chǎn)卵，答案是D。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In her new book, “The Smartest Kids in the World”， Amanda Ripley, an investigative journalist, tells the story of Tom, a high­school student from Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, who decides to spend his senior year in Wroclaw, Poland. Poland is a surprising educational success story: in the past decade, the country raised students' test scores from significantly below average to well above it. Polish kids have now outscored American kids in math and science, even though Poland spends, on average, less than half as much per student as the United States does. One of the most striking differences between the high school Tom attended in Gettysburg and the one he ends up at in Wroclaw is that the latter has no football team or teams of any kind.
That American high schools spend more time and money on sports than on math is an old complaint. In December, when the latest Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) results are announced, it's safe to predict that American high­school students will once again show their limited skills in math and reading, outscored not just by students in Poland but also by students in places like China, Finland, Singapore, and Japan. Meanwhile, they will have played some very exciting football games, which will have been breathlessly written up in their hometown papers.
Why does this situation continue? Well, for one thing, kids like it. And for another, according to Ripley, parents seem to like the arrangement, too. She describes a tour she took of a school in Washington D．C., which costs thirty thousand dollars a year. The tour leader ­ a mother with three children in the school ­ was asked about the school's flaws (瑕疵). When she said that the math program was weak, none of the parents taking the tour reacted. When she said that the football program was weak, the parents suddenly became concerned. “Really？” one of them asked worriedly, “What do you mean？”
One of the ironies of the situation is that sports show what is possible. American kids' performance on the field shows just how well they can do when expectations are high. It's too bad that their_test_scores_show_the_same_thing._
小題1:Tom decides to spend his senior year in Poland because ________.
A．he intends to improve his scores
B．Polish kids are better at learning
C．sports are not supported at schools in Gettysburg
D．he wants to be the smartest kid in the world
小題2:According to Paragraph 2, we know that ________.
A．PISA plays a very important role in America
B．little time is spent on sports in Japanese schools
C．American students do better in both math and sports
D．too much importance is placed on sports in America
小題3:The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ________.
A．low expectations result in American students' poor PISA performance
B．high expectations push up American students' academic performance
C．American students' academic performance worries their parents a lot
D．lacking practice contributes to American students' average performance
小題4:The purpose of this article is to ________.
A．compare Polish schools with those in America
B．call on American schools to learn from the Polish model
C．draw public attention to a weakness in American school tradition
D．explain what is wrong with American schools and provide solutions

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The English test will be removed from China’s college entrance exam by 2020, according to details of exam and admis­sion reform revealed by the Ministry of Education. The national college entrance exam, known as the “Gaokao” has been used to evaluate Chinese students for three decades. The Ministry of Education has worked out a plan for reforming exams and enrollment. The Ministry will solicit(征求) public opinions before its release. Instead, tests will be held several times a year to allow students to choose when and how often they sit the exam so as to alleviate study pressure and change China’s once-in-a-lifetime exam system.
The plan and suggestions for its implementation will be announced in the first half of next year. It will be piloted in se­lected provinces and cities and promoted nationwide from 2017. A new exam and admission system will be established by 2020, according to the education ministry.
The decision has aroused a heated discussion among Shanghai educators and parents who doubted the reform would re­duce the burden of learning English or if the substitute test could reflect a student’s English skills and help students learn English better.
“The reform shows China is learning from the West to give students more test-taking chances. But more chances might become more of a burden since Chinese students are likely to repeat the test until they get the highest score,” said Cai Jigang, a professor at Fudan University’s College of Foreign Languages and Literature and chairman of the Shanghai Advisory Committee for College English Teaching at Tertiary Level.
Yu Lizhong, chancellor of New York University Shanghai, where classes are in English and students are required to have a high standard of English, said the most important aspect of the reform lay in what to test and how to test.
“ As far as I see, the reform doesn’t mean English is no longer important for Chinese students after it will be excluded from the unified college entrance exam,” Yu said. “In a way, English is even more important than before since the test would only serve as reference, while every college and university, even every major, can have different requirements of a student’s English skills under a diverse evaluation system. ”
Yu said some students will have their study pressure reduced if the major they choose doesn’t need excellent English while others still need to study hard if they want to be among the best students.
The education ministry said the reform would not affect students attending the college entrance exam over the next three years.
小題1:What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．English will become less and less important in the stage of compulsory education.
B．It has been 30 years since English became one subject of national college entrance exam.
C．China’s once-in-a-lifetime exam system is unacceptable at all.
D．The system that tests are held several times does more good than once-in-a-lifetime exam system.
小題2:According to the passage, Shanghai educators and parents argue that _____.
A．the new exam and admission system will make no difference
B．English shouldn’t be removed from China’s college entrance exam
C．the reform may accomplish the very opposite
D．Western educational system does not apply to China
小題3:What does the passage try to express in the underlined sentence?
A．Students needn’t lay a good foundation during the period of high school.
B．Whether students should study hard English may depend on their major.
C．Students can constantly strive for perfection only in their major.
D．English must be close to full mark.
小題4:What’s the purpose of the passage?
A．To advise students not to devote themselves to English.
B．To call on Education Department to remove English from “Gaokao”.
C．To support the act of Ministry of Education.
D．To encourage students to do as they have planned.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In our world today, the media and entertainment industries are constantly focusing on beauty over brains. Movies, television shows, commercials, and magazines all make use of models and actors whose physical attributes(特性) will sell their product.
As our country is trying to reduce the obesity numbers, eating disorder statistics continue to increase due to the push for thinner people. While obesity is a serious medical condition that can lead to many health problems, many of us try to lose weight for appearance purposes. Children as young as elementary school age have begun to worry about the numbers that appear on the scale. In my opinion, it seems that “fat” has become the new“ugly”.
Two weeks ago, 37-year-old Wisconsin television reporter Livingston, who is 235 pounds, received an email from a man named Krause. In the email Krause attacked her, writing,“Your physical condition hasn’t improved for many years. Surely you don’t consider yourself a suitable example for this community’s young people, girls in particular.”
Today, it seems that a vast majority of people care more about how they look and appear to their peers rather than what is inside. The truth is that every person is built differently; we all come in different shapes and sizes. Just because someone is heavier, that doesn’t mean they eat large amounts of junk food around the day. Likewise, even though a person is thin, that doesn’t mean they are necessarily healthy and fit.
If you are reading this and you struggle with your weight or your appearance, please recognize that you are beautiful and special in your own way. You are worth so much more than you realize, and even if I don’t know you, understand that I respect and support you. Beauty is not defined by size; it is defined by how we treat others and respect ourselves. In the words of the talented film actress Kirstie Alley, “There’s a lot more to life than how fat or thin you are.”
小題1:With so many people losing weight, it will end in        .
A．models’ and actors’ appearance in ads
B．the fall of media and entertainment industries
C．more and more people becoming obesity
D．more people’s suffering from eating disorder
小題2:The underlined phrase “the numbers that appear on the scale” in the second paragraph may mean     .
A．intelligenceB．weightC．patienceD．strength
小題3:The writer used the example of Jennifer Livingston to show        .
A．people think “fat” looks ugly
B．fat people are becoming cleverer
C．physical condition is good
D．young people never follow example
小題4:What Kirstie Alley said means         .
A．people should pay attention to the appearance
B．there is no need for any people to go on diet
C．people are beautiful when they concern others
D．there’s always someone who understands and supports you

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

It is nice to know what the weather will be like when we plan a trip. Do you know anything about the history of weather? Don’t look at the sky. Don’t look for old weather reports. Looking at the tree rings is more important. Correct weather reports date back only one century, but some trees can provide an exact record of weather even further back.
It is natural that a tree would grow best in a climate with plenty of sunlight and rainfall. It is also expected that little sunlight or rainfall would reduce the growth of a tree. The change from a favorable to an unfavorable climate can be found out by the reading pattern of rings in a tree trunk. To find out the weather of ten years ago, you can count the rings of a tree trunk from the outside to the inside. If the tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it is certain that plenty of sunny and rainy weather occurred. If the rings are close together, then the climate was bad for the tree.
Studying trees is important not only for the history of weather, but also for the history of man. In an area of New Mexico you can find only sand — no trees or people. However, many centuries ago a large population lived there. They left suddenly. Why?
A scientist studied the pattern of the rings of dead trees that had grown there. He made up his mind that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees. Trees were necessary to make fires and buildings. So, after the people destroyed the trees, they had to move.
In this example studying tree rings uncovered an exciting fact about the history of man.
小題1:We can find out the weather of five years ago by counting the rings of a tree trunk ____.
A．from the left to the right
B．from the right to the left
C．from the inside to the outside
D．from the outside to the inside
小題2:If the ring was far from the others, we can conclude that the weather of that year was ______.
A．badB．sunnyC．favorableD．rainy
小題3:By studying the rings of dead trees in an area of New Mexico, the scientist found _______.
A．why the people had to leave
B．where the people had to go
C．what the people had to eat
D．how the people left
小題4:The ancient people usually lived where there were plenty of trees mainly because ______.
A．trees provided an exact record of weather for research
B．trees could supply them with fruit and food to live on
C．trees could supply them with shades
D．trees were materials for fires and buildings
小題5:By giving the example of an area of New Mexico, the author tries to prove        .
A．trees can’t live in the area without population
B．that studying trees is important for the history of man and weather.
C．what the real relation is between tree rings and the history of man and weather
D．the history of man is important for the history of trees

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Dreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
In the study,99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a compute, trying to get through a virtual maze（迷宮）.The maze was different place each time they tired—making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.
For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants stayed awake and an half were told to take a short nap .Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dreams before sleep and after sleep—and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.
Stickgold, a neuroscientist（神經(jīng)科學(xué)家）,wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren＇t moving during sleep.
Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working ; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.
Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn‘t  help a person learn—it＇s the other way around.He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processes associated with learning.
All four of the people who dreamed about the task had done poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn＇t take a nap, didn＇t show the same improvement.
小題1:Before having a short nap, participants of the experiment were asked to       .
A．stay in a different place in the maze
B．design a virtual maze which is difficult to get through
C．experience the experiment and try to remember something
D．get through a virtual maze on a computer from the same place
小題2:What can we learn from the text?
A．Participants who took a nap were required to express their thoughts.
B．Some dreams may encourage people to invent something new.
C．Participants who dreamed about films could finish the task more easily.
D．Participants whose dreams had something to do with the maze could find the tree faster.
小題3:According to Stickgold,       .
A．every person may dream about what they learned
B．people＇s brain processes may still be connected with their learning in their dreams
C．once people＇s eyes stop moving, they are sure to dream about something
D．no matter how fantastical or boring, dreams are connected with people＇s life
小題4:What is the best title for this text?
A．Dreams Are StrangeB．Not All Dreams Are True
C．Dreaming Makes PerfectD．Stickgold, a Dream Expert

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The earth is the only planet that scientists think has life. Why does the earth have life while the other planets (行星) don't? For one thing, the earth is just the right temperature. As the_third_planet from the sun, the earth seems to be just the right distance away. The planets which are closer to the sun are hot that their surfaces bake (烘烤) in the sun. The farthest planets are cold balls.
When the earth developed — which scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years ago — many gases covered the earth. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something wonderful happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard for a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants to grow. The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe.
Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth. That planet is Mars (火星). Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. On some days, the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States. If you wore a special space suit, you could walk around on Mars. You would have to bring your own air to breathe, the air on Mars is too thin to breathe.
Mars has the largest volcano (火山) in the solar system. It is sixteen miles high. The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high. The most unexpected (未預(yù)測到的) sight on Mars is dried up river beds. Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now. Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars? Scientists are not sure, but there has been no sign so far.
小題1:Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life?
A．The earth is just the right temperature.
B．The volcanos on earth are lower than those on Mars.
C．There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth.
D．The earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun.
小題2:The underlined phrase “the third planet” in the first paragraph refers to ________.
A．the SunB．the Moon
C．the EarthD．the Mars
小題3:Which of the following about the Mars is NOT true?
A．There could have been living things on Mars.
B．Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system.
C．There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars.
D．Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Last Thursday, I had the pleasure of visiting with Deputy Superintendent Pedro Martinez, Principal Neddy Alvarez and her staff at Western High School, located in the Clark County School District, in Las Vegas. The school undertook a comprehensive effort to completely transform the culture of the school and added a motivated group of talented teachers. Western altered（改變） the school day to add opportunities for students to get additional credits toward graduation and created smaller learning groups. As part of these comprehensive changes, the school’s leadership also focused on four main reforms to transform their school.
First, improvements started with the change in the relationship between the school and students to create a caring atmosphere at the school. Using the “Capturing Kids’ Hearts” strategies, school leadership and teachers began building a trusting environment and students and families described seeing changes aimed at improving student outcomes and ensuring the success of every student. The school day was altered to add more options for students to obtain additional credits toward graduation. Students and teachers were grouped into “houses,” so that smaller groups of teachers and counselors(輔導(dǎo)員)could create one-on-one relationships with students. Teachers and counselors said that the altered school day provides time to address student’s individual concerns and develop individualized learning plans to put every student on a path to graduation.
The school also made changes to encourage parents to support school and encourage real dialogues between parents and the teachers and leaders at Western. Funded in part through the United Way, the school created a family engagement center to get parents more involved in their children’s education, particularly parents of English language learners. Parents like Ally Gaona and Martha Mendez told me that they had a voice and the tools to engage in their children’s learning and that they recognize that the main responsibility for their children’s learning must rest with the parents. Parents were passionate about these positive changes and said that these changes signaled to the entire the community that the school was serious about family engagement.
小題1:What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To attract people to the school.
B．To talk about the school reforms.
C．To introduce the school
D．To introduce the relationship between the school and students.
小題2:How many main reforms are mentioned in the passage?
A．TwoB．ThreeC． FourD．Five
小題3: Students and teachers were grouped into “houses in order to ___.
A．provide time to address student’s individual concerns.
B．a(chǎn)dd more options for students to obtain additional credits toward graduation..
C．create one-on-one relationships with students.
D．develop individualized learning plans to put every student on a path to graduation.
小題4:Which statement is the right according to the passage?
A．Parents didn’t support the reforms.
B．The reforms intended to improve student outcomes and ensure the success of every student.
C．The school asked parents to donate their money.
D．the school was not serious about family engagement.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

  Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph. D. s. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was published. It was based on 22,000 questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.
The dropouts rate was found to be 31 per cent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph. D. requirement, went on to productive work. They are not only doing well financially, but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates.
Discussing the study last week, Dr. Tucker said the project was initiated ‘because of the concern frequently expressed by graduate faculties and administrators that some of the individuals who dropped out of Ph. D. programs were capable of competing the requirement for the degree. Attrition at the Ph. D. level is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity. Some people expressed the opinion that the shortage of highly trained specialists and college teachers could be reduced by persuading the dropouts to return to graduate schools to complete the Ph. D.’
“The results of our research” Dr. Tucker concluded, “did not support these opinions.”
Lack of motivation was the principal reason for dropping out.
Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or their specialities.
Most dropouts are now engaged in work consistent with their education and motivation.
Nearly 75 per cent of the dropouts said there was no academic reason for their decision, but those who mentioned academic reason cited failure to pass the qualifying examination, uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. Among the single most important personal reasons identified by dropouts for non-completion of their Ph. D. program, lack of finances was marked by 19 per cent.
As an indication of how well the dropouts were doing, a chart showed 2% in humanities were receiving $ 20,000 and more annually while none of the Ph. D. ‘s with that background reached this figure. The Ph. D. ‘s shone in the $ 7,500 to $ 15,000 bracket with 78% at that level against 50% for the dropouts. This may also be an indication of the fact that top salaries in the academic fields, where Ph. D. ‘s tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields.
As to the possibility of getting dropouts back on campus, the outlook was glum. The main condition which would have to prevail for at least 25 % of the dropouts who might consider returning to graduate school would be to guarantee that they would retain their present level of income and in some cases their present job.
小題1:The author states that many educators feel that
[A] steps should be taken to get the dropouts back to campus.
the fropouts should return to a lower quality school to continue their study.
[C] the Ph. D. holder is generally a better adjusted person than the dropout.
[D] The high dropouts rate is largely attributable to the lack of stimulation on the part of faculty members.
小題2:Research has shown that
[A] Dropouts are substantially below Ph. D. ‘s in financial attainment.
the incentive factor is a minor one in regard to pursuing Ph. D. studies.
[C] The Ph. D. candidate is likely to change his field of specialization if he drops out.
[D] about one-third of those who start Ph. D. work do not complete the work to earn the degree.
小題3:Meeting foreign language requirements for the Ph. D.
[A] is the most frequent reason for dropping out.
is more difficult for the science candidate than for the humanities candidate.
[C] is an essential part of many Ph. D. programs.
[D] does not vary in difficulty among universities.
小題4:After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding that
[A] optimism reigns in regard to getting Ph. D. dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degree.
a Ph. D. dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to learn the degree.
[C] colleges and universities employ a substantial number of Ph. D. dropouts.
[D] Ph. D. ‘s are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic positions.
小題5:It can be inferred that the high rate of dropouts lies in
[A] salary for Ph. D. too low.
academic requirement too high.
[C] salary for dropouts too high.
[D] 1000 positions.
Vocabulary
dropout          輟學(xué)者，中途退學(xué)
well-rounded       全面的
attrition          縮/減員，磨損
drain          枯竭
bracket          一類人，（尤指按收入分類的）階層
lagging behind other fields    落后于其它領(lǐng)域
glum          陰郁的

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