__________that the earth was the centre of the universe.


  1. A.
    People were believing
  2. B.
    It was once believed
  3. C.
    People were once believed
  4. D.
    People were said
B
命題目的本題考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法。
解題方法掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)在主語從句中的用法。
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科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as Bugs and bees.

Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ——or even  Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.

Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical Sensor(傳感器)called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house Thousands of plants.

The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.

To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器). The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves.

With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.

We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____.

A. making some sounds        B. waving their leaves

C. producing some chemicals   D. sending out electronic signals

What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?

A. They presented it with all common crops.

B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.

C. They collected different damaged leaves.

D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.

According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___.

A. pick out ripe fruits

B. spot the insects quickly

C. distinguish different damages to the leaves

D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves

We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.

A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers

B. is not yet used in greenhouses

C. is designed by scientists at Purdue

D. is helpful in killing harmful insects

闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌i幋锝呅撻柛銈呭閺屾盯骞橀懠顒夋М闂佹悶鍔嶇换鍐Φ閸曨垰鍐€妞ゆ劦婢€缁墎绱撴担鎻掍壕婵犮垼娉涢鍕崲閸℃稒鐓忛柛顐g箖閸f椽鏌涢敐鍛础缂佽鲸甯¢幃鈺呮濞戞帗鐎伴梻浣告惈閻ジ宕伴弽顓犲祦闁硅揪绠戠粻娑㈡⒒閸喓鈯曟い鏂垮濮婄粯鎷呴崨濠傛殘婵烇絽娲﹀浠嬫晲閻愭潙绶為柟閭﹀劦閿曞倹鐓曢柡鍥ュ妼閻忕姵淇婇锝忚€块柡灞剧洴閳ワ箓骞嬪┑鍥╀壕缂傚倷绀侀鍛崲閹版澘鐓橀柟杈鹃檮閸婄兘鏌ょ喊鍗炲闁告柨鎲$换娑氣偓娑欋缚閻倕霉濠婂簼绨绘い鏇稻缁绘繂顫濋鐔割仧闂備胶绮灙閻忓繑鐟╁畷鎰版倷閻戞ǚ鎷洪柣搴℃贡婵敻濡撮崘鈺€绻嗛柣鎰綑濞搭喗顨ラ悙宸剱妞わ妇澧楅幆鏃堟晲閸ラ搴婇梻鍌欒兌缁垶宕濋敃鍌氱婵炲棙鎸哥粈澶愭煏閸繃顥撳ù婊勭矋閵囧嫰骞樼捄鐩掋垽鏌涘Ο铏规憼妞ゃ劊鍎甸幃娆撳箵閹烘挻顔勯梺鍓х帛閻楃娀寮诲☉妯锋闁告鍋為悘鍫熺箾鐎电ǹ顎岄柛娆忓暙椤繘鎼归崷顓狅紲濠殿喗顨呭Λ娆撴偩閸洘鈷戠紓浣癸供濞堟棃鏌ㄩ弴銊ら偗闁绘侗鍠涚粻娑樷槈濞嗘垵濮搁柣搴$畭閸庡崬螞瀹€鍕婵炲樊浜濋埛鎴︽煕濞戞﹫鍔熺紒鐘虫崌閹顫濋悡搴$睄闂佽桨绀佺粔鐟邦嚕椤曗偓瀹曟帒饪伴崪鍐簥闂傚倷绀侀幖顐ゆ偖椤愶箑纾块柟鎯板Г閸嬧晜绻涘顔荤凹闁绘挻绋戦湁闁挎繂鎳忛幉鎼佸极閸惊鏃堟偐闂堟稐绮跺┑鐐叉▕閸欏啴濡存笟鈧浠嬵敇閻愰潧骞愰梻浣告啞閸旀垿宕濆澶嬪€堕柛顐犲劜閸婄敻鎮峰▎蹇擃仾缂佲偓閸愨斂浜滈柕濞垮劵闊剚顨ラ悙璇ц含鐎殿喕绮欓、姗€鎮欓棃娑樼闂傚倷绀侀幉锟犲礉閹达箑绀夐幖娣妼绾惧綊鏌ㄩ悤鍌涘

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科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

  Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas .A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.

  Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack, In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away- or even chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.

  Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor(傳感器) called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when they’re attacked. Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detest whether plants are being eaten by insects, But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.

  The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.

  To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器).

  The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage by insects or with a hole punch had been done to the tomato leaves.

  With some fine tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareve, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.

49. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by______.

A. making some sounds       B. waving their leaves

C. producing some chemicals  D. sending out electronic signals

50. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?

A. They presented it with all common crops..

B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.

C. They collected different damaged leaves.

D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.

51. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e nose is that it can ______.

A. pick out ripe fruits

B. spot the insects quickly

C. distinguish different damages to the leaves

D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves

52. We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.

A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers

B. is not yet used in greenhouses

C. is designed by scientists at Purdue

D. is helpful in killing harmful insects

 

闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌i幋锝呅撻柛銈呭閺屾盯骞橀懠顒夋М闂佹悶鍔嶇换鍐Φ閸曨垰鍐€妞ゆ劦婢€缁墎绱撴担鎻掍壕婵犮垼娉涢鍕崲閸℃稒鐓忛柛顐g箖閸f椽鏌涢敐鍛础缂佽鲸甯¢幃鈺呮濞戞帗鐎伴梻浣告惈閻ジ宕伴弽顓犲祦闁硅揪绠戠粻娑㈡⒒閸喓鈯曟い鏂垮濮婄粯鎷呴崨濠傛殘婵烇絽娲﹀浠嬫晲閻愭潙绶為柟閭﹀劦閿曞倹鐓曢柡鍥ュ妼閻忕姵淇婇锝忚€块柡灞剧洴閳ワ箓骞嬪┑鍥╀壕缂傚倷绀侀鍛崲閹版澘鐓橀柟杈鹃檮閸婄兘鏌ょ喊鍗炲闁告柨鎲$换娑氣偓娑欋缚閻倕霉濠婂簼绨绘い鏇稻缁绘繂顫濋鐔割仧闂備胶绮灙閻忓繑鐟╁畷鎰版倷閻戞ǚ鎷洪柣搴℃贡婵敻濡撮崘鈺€绻嗛柣鎰綑濞搭喗顨ラ悙宸剱妞わ妇澧楅幆鏃堟晲閸ラ搴婇梻鍌欒兌缁垶宕濋敃鍌氱婵炲棙鎸哥粈澶愭煏閸繃顥撳ù婊勭矋閵囧嫰骞樼捄鐩掋垽鏌涘Ο铏规憼妞ゃ劊鍎甸幃娆撳箵閹烘挻顔勯梺鍓х帛閻楃娀寮诲☉妯锋闁告鍋為悘鍫熺箾鐎电ǹ顎岄柛娆忓暙椤繘鎼归崷顓狅紲濠殿喗顨呭Λ娆撴偩閸洘鈷戠紓浣癸供濞堟棃鏌ㄩ弴銊ら偗闁绘侗鍠涚粻娑樷槈濞嗘垵濮搁柣搴$畭閸庡崬螞瀹€鍕婵炲樊浜濋埛鎴︽煕濞戞﹫鍔熺紒鐘虫崌閹顫濋悡搴$睄闂佽桨绀佺粔鐟邦嚕椤曗偓瀹曟帒饪伴崪鍐簥闂傚倷绀侀幖顐ゆ偖椤愶箑纾块柟鎯板Г閸嬧晜绻涘顔荤凹闁绘挻绋戦湁闁挎繂鎳忛幉鎼佸极閸惊鏃堟偐闂堟稐绮跺┑鐐叉▕閸欏啴濡存笟鈧浠嬵敇閻愰潧骞愰梻浣告啞閸旀垿宕濆澶嬪€堕柛顐犲劜閸婄敻鎮峰▎蹇擃仾缂佲偓閸愨斂浜滈柕濞垮劵闊剚顨ラ悙璇ц含鐎殿喕绮欓、姗€鎮欓棃娑樼闂傚倷绀侀幉锟犲礉閹达箑绀夐幖娣妼绾惧綊鏌ㄩ悤鍌涘

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科目:高中英語 來源:2009年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試浙江卷英語試題 題型:閱讀理解

Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as Bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ——or even  Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical Sensor(傳感器)called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house Thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器). The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
【小題1】We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____.

A.making some soundsB.waving their leaves
C.producing some chemicalsD.sending out electronic signals
【小題2】What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?
A.They presented it with all common crops.
B.They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C.They collected different damaged leaves.
D.They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
【小題3】According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___.
A.pick out ripe fruits
B.spot the insects quickly
C.distinguish different damages to the leaves
D.recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
【小題4】We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.
A.is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B.is not yet used in greenhouses
C.is designed by scientists at Purdue
D.is helpful in killing harmful insects

闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌i幋锝呅撻柛銈呭閺屾盯骞橀懠顒夋М闂佹悶鍔嶇换鍐Φ閸曨垰鍐€妞ゆ劦婢€缁墎绱撴担鎻掍壕婵犮垼娉涢鍕崲閸℃稒鐓忛柛顐g箖閸f椽鏌涢敐鍛础缂佽鲸甯¢幃鈺呮濞戞帗鐎伴梻浣告惈閻ジ宕伴弽顓犲祦闁硅揪绠戠粻娑㈡⒒閸喓鈯曟い鏂垮濮婄粯鎷呴崨濠傛殘婵烇絽娲﹀浠嬫晲閻愭潙绶為柟閭﹀劦閿曞倹鐓曢柡鍥ュ妼閻忕姵淇婇锝忚€块柡灞剧洴閳ワ箓骞嬪┑鍥╀壕缂傚倷绀侀鍛崲閹版澘鐓橀柟杈鹃檮閸婄兘鏌ょ喊鍗炲闁告柨鎲$换娑氣偓娑欋缚閻倕霉濠婂簼绨绘い鏇稻缁绘繂顫濋鐔割仧闂備胶绮灙閻忓繑鐟╁畷鎰版倷閻戞ǚ鎷洪柣搴℃贡婵敻濡撮崘鈺€绻嗛柣鎰綑濞搭喗顨ラ悙宸剱妞わ妇澧楅幆鏃堟晲閸ラ搴婇梻鍌欒兌缁垶宕濋敃鍌氱婵炲棙鎸哥粈澶愭煏閸繃顥撳ù婊勭矋閵囧嫰骞樼捄鐩掋垽鏌涘Ο铏规憼妞ゃ劊鍎甸幃娆撳箵閹烘挻顔勯梺鍓х帛閻楃娀寮诲☉妯锋闁告鍋為悘鍫熺箾鐎电ǹ顎岄柛娆忓暙椤繘鎼归崷顓狅紲濠殿喗顨呭Λ娆撴偩閸洘鈷戠紓浣癸供濞堟棃鏌ㄩ弴銊ら偗闁绘侗鍠涚粻娑樷槈濞嗘垵濮搁柣搴$畭閸庡崬螞瀹€鍕婵炲樊浜濋埛鎴︽煕濞戞﹫鍔熺紒鐘虫崌閹顫濋悡搴$睄闂佽桨绀佺粔鐟邦嚕椤曗偓瀹曟帒饪伴崪鍐簥闂傚倷绀侀幖顐ゆ偖椤愶箑纾块柟鎯板Г閸嬧晜绻涘顔荤凹闁绘挻绋戦湁闁挎繂鎳忛幉鎼佸极閸惊鏃堟偐闂堟稐绮跺┑鐐叉▕閸欏啴濡存笟鈧浠嬵敇閻愰潧骞愰梻浣告啞閸旀垿宕濆澶嬪€堕柛顐犲劜閸婄敻鎮峰▎蹇擃仾缂佲偓閸愨斂浜滈柕濞垮劵闊剚顨ラ悙璇ц含鐎殿喕绮欓、姗€鎮欓棃娑樼闂傚倷绀侀幉锟犲礉閹达箑绀夐幖娣妼绾惧綊鏌ㄩ悤鍌涘

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科目:高中英語 來源:2014屆浙江省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解

Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds (揮發(fā)性化合物) —— chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from such volatile compounds to attract insects such as bugs and bees.

Plants can also discover  volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insets, for instance, may give off these chemicals in order to let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off their chemicals to keep the bugs away —— or even chemicals that will attract the bugs’ natural enemies.

Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor (傳感器) called an “electronic nose”. The “e-nose” can tell such compounds as plants make. When plants are attacked, scientists say, the e-nose could help quickly decide whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today, the only way to spot such insects is to inspect individual plants by observing them. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, including those that can house thousands of plants. The research team is working with an e-nose that can recognize volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds based on the interactions (相互作用), and then the e-nose will give off electronic signals that the scientists can analyze by using computer software.

To test the e-nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all being common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of the air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged either by insects or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器).

The e-nose, it turns out, can identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage —— by insects or with a hole punch —— had been done to the tomato leaves.

With some fine-tuning (微調(diào)), a device like the e-nose can one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this can also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, India, who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device can bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.

1.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by ______.

A.making some sounds

B.waving their leaves

C.producing some chemicals

D.sending out electronic signals

2.What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?

A.They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.

B.They presented it with all common crops.

C.They collected different damaged leaves.

D.They do tests on damaged and healthy leaves.

3.According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can ______.

A.pick out ripe fruits quite expertly

B.spot the insects in a very quick way

C.tell different damages to leaves

D.recognize unhealthy tomato leaves

4.We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose ______.

A.is unable to tell the smell of flowers

B.is not yet tested in greenhouses

C.is designed by scientists at Purdue

D.is helpful in killing harmful insects

 

闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌i幋锝呅撻柛銈呭閺屾盯骞橀懠顒夋М闂佹悶鍔嶇换鍐Φ閸曨垰鍐€妞ゆ劦婢€缁墎绱撴担鎻掍壕婵犮垼娉涢鍕崲閸℃稒鐓忛柛顐g箖閸f椽鏌涢敐鍛础缂佽鲸甯¢幃鈺呮濞戞帗鐎伴梻浣告惈閻ジ宕伴弽顓犲祦闁硅揪绠戠粻娑㈡⒒閸喓鈯曟い鏂垮濮婄粯鎷呴崨濠傛殘婵烇絽娲﹀浠嬫晲閻愭潙绶為柟閭﹀劦閿曞倹鐓曢柡鍥ュ妼閻忕姵淇婇锝忚€块柡灞剧洴閳ワ箓骞嬪┑鍥╀壕缂傚倷绀侀鍛崲閹版澘鐓橀柟杈鹃檮閸婄兘鏌ょ喊鍗炲闁告柨鎲$换娑氣偓娑欋缚閻倕霉濠婂簼绨绘い鏇稻缁绘繂顫濋鐔割仧闂備胶绮灙閻忓繑鐟╁畷鎰版倷閻戞ǚ鎷洪柣搴℃贡婵敻濡撮崘鈺€绻嗛柣鎰綑濞搭喗顨ラ悙宸剱妞わ妇澧楅幆鏃堟晲閸ラ搴婇梻鍌欒兌缁垶宕濋敃鍌氱婵炲棙鎸哥粈澶愭煏閸繃顥撳ù婊勭矋閵囧嫰骞樼捄鐩掋垽鏌涘Ο铏规憼妞ゃ劊鍎甸幃娆撳箵閹烘挻顔勯梺鍓х帛閻楃娀寮诲☉妯锋闁告鍋為悘鍫熺箾鐎电ǹ顎岄柛娆忓暙椤繘鎼归崷顓狅紲濠殿喗顨呭Λ娆撴偩閸洘鈷戠紓浣癸供濞堟棃鏌ㄩ弴銊ら偗闁绘侗鍠涚粻娑樷槈濞嗘垵濮搁柣搴$畭閸庡崬螞瀹€鍕婵炲樊浜濋埛鎴︽煕濞戞﹫鍔熺紒鐘虫崌閹顫濋悡搴$睄闂佽桨绀佺粔鐟邦嚕椤曗偓瀹曟帒饪伴崪鍐簥闂傚倷绀侀幖顐ゆ偖椤愶箑纾块柟鎯板Г閸嬧晜绻涘顔荤凹闁绘挻绋戦湁闁挎繂鎳忛幉鎼佸极閸惊鏃堟偐闂堟稐绮跺┑鐐叉▕閸欏啴濡存笟鈧浠嬵敇閻愰潧骞愰梻浣告啞閸旀垿宕濆澶嬪€堕柛顐犲劜閸婄敻鎮峰▎蹇擃仾缂佲偓閸愨斂浜滈柕濞垮劵闊剚顨ラ悙璇ц含鐎殿喕绮欓、姗€鎮欓棃娑樼闂傚倷绀侀幉锟犲礉閹达箑绀夐幖娣妼绾惧綊鏌ㄩ悤鍌涘

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科目:高中英語 來源:2009年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試浙江卷英語試題 題型:閱讀理解

Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as Bugs and bees.

Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ——or even  Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.

Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical Sensor(傳感器)called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house Thousands of plants.

The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.

To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器). The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves.

With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.

1.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____.

A. making some sounds        B. waving their leaves

C. producing some chemicals   D. sending out electronic signals

2.What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?

A. They presented it with all common crops.

B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.

C. They collected different damaged leaves.

D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.

3.According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___.

A. pick out ripe fruits

B. spot the insects quickly

C. distinguish different damages to the leaves

D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves

4.We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.

A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers

B. is not yet used in greenhouses

C. is designed by scientists at Purdue

D. is helpful in killing harmful insects

 

闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌i幋锝呅撻柛銈呭閺屾盯骞橀懠顒夋М闂佹悶鍔嶇换鍐Φ閸曨垰鍐€妞ゆ劦婢€缁墎绱撴担鎻掍壕婵犮垼娉涢鍕崲閸℃稒鐓忛柛顐g箖閸f椽鏌涢敐鍛础缂佽鲸甯¢幃鈺呮濞戞帗鐎伴梻浣告惈閻ジ宕伴弽顓犲祦闁硅揪绠戠粻娑㈡⒒閸喓鈯曟い鏂垮濮婄粯鎷呴崨濠傛殘婵烇絽娲﹀浠嬫晲閻愭潙绶為柟閭﹀劦閿曞倹鐓曢柡鍥ュ妼閻忕姵淇婇锝忚€块柡灞剧洴閳ワ箓骞嬪┑鍥╀壕缂傚倷绀侀鍛崲閹版澘鐓橀柟杈鹃檮閸婄兘鏌ょ喊鍗炲闁告柨鎲$换娑氣偓娑欋缚閻倕霉濠婂簼绨绘い鏇稻缁绘繂顫濋鐔割仧闂備胶绮灙閻忓繑鐟╁畷鎰版倷閻戞ǚ鎷洪柣搴℃贡婵敻濡撮崘鈺€绻嗛柣鎰綑濞搭喗顨ラ悙宸剱妞わ妇澧楅幆鏃堟晲閸ラ搴婇梻鍌欒兌缁垶宕濋敃鍌氱婵炲棙鎸哥粈澶愭煏閸繃顥撳ù婊勭矋閵囧嫰骞樼捄鐩掋垽鏌涘Ο铏规憼妞ゃ劊鍎甸幃娆撳箵閹烘挻顔勯梺鍓х帛閻楃娀寮诲☉妯锋闁告鍋為悘鍫熺箾鐎电ǹ顎岄柛娆忓暙椤繘鎼归崷顓狅紲濠殿喗顨呭Λ娆撴偩閸洘鈷戠紓浣癸供濞堟棃鏌ㄩ弴銊ら偗闁绘侗鍠涚粻娑樷槈濞嗘垵濮搁柣搴$畭閸庡崬螞瀹€鍕婵炲樊浜濋埛鎴︽煕濞戞﹫鍔熺紒鐘虫崌閹顫濋悡搴$睄闂佽桨绀佺粔鐟邦嚕椤曗偓瀹曟帒饪伴崪鍐簥闂傚倷绀侀幖顐ゆ偖椤愶箑纾块柟鎯板Г閸嬧晜绻涘顔荤凹闁绘挻绋戦湁闁挎繂鎳忛幉鎼佸极閸惊鏃堟偐闂堟稐绮跺┑鐐叉▕閸欏啴濡存笟鈧浠嬵敇閻愰潧骞愰梻浣告啞閸旀垿宕濆澶嬪€堕柛顐犲劜閸婄敻鎮峰▎蹇擃仾缂佲偓閸愨斂浜滈柕濞垮劵闊剚顨ラ悙璇ц含鐎殿喕绮欓、姗€鎮欓棃娑樼闂傚倷绀侀幉锟犲礉閹达箑绀夐幖娣妼绾惧綊鏌ㄩ悤鍌涘

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