Question

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition (學(xué)會(huì)) of each new skill m the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

    Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe (嚴(yán)格的) over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.

    As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (說教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.

    A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

Eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills, ___________.

  A. should be avoided

  B. is universal among parents

  C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

  D. will make the child lose interest in learning new things

In the process of children's learning new skills, parents ________.

  A. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read

  B. should expect a lot of the children

  C. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own

  D. should create as many learning opportunities as possible

The second paragraph mainly tells us that ___________.

  A. parents should be strict with their children

  B. parental controls reflect only the values of the community

  C. parental restrictions vary, and are not always for the benefit of the children alone

  D. it's parents' and society's duty to control the children

The word "precept" in Paragraph 3 probably means "___________".

  A. opinion          B. punishment       C. behavior            D. instruction

In terms of moral matters, parents should _________.

  A. follow the rules themselves

  B. be aware of the huge difference between adults and children

  C. forbid their children to follow hook teachings

  D. always ensure the security of their children

Answer 1

【小題1】B

【小題2】C

【小題3】C

【小題4】D

【小題5】A

解析:

【小題1】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段開頭In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill，既然是每位父母都會(huì)這樣做，那么這種做法在父母中就是普遍的，故選B。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，選項(xiàng)C。sets up dangerous states of worry in the child是由hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate引起的，“迫不及待地要求孩子做超出其自然成長速度的事情”和“熱切地觀察孩子學(xué)會(huì)每一項(xiàng)新技能”顯然不是一回事，作者對(duì)后者沒有否定之意，所以A不對(duì)。根據(jù)文章第一段末句，選項(xiàng)取D。will make him lose interest in learning new things是由a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities引起的。故D也不合文意。

【小題2】 推理判斷題。文章第一段第二句It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate，but this can set Up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child，說明在孩于成長過程中，父母不能拔苗助長。文章第一段末句又說：On the other hand，though，if a child is left alone too much，or without any learning opportunities，he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself，說明對(duì)孩子太放任自流同樣不利。根據(jù)這兩方面，應(yīng)選C，父母對(duì)孩子的“嚴(yán)”與“松”之間應(yīng)有一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)亩取?/p>

【小題3】 主旨大意題。文章第二段的大意是:“父母對(duì)孩子的嚴(yán)格程度有很大的不同”。

【小題4】 詞義推測(cè)題．四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：A. opinion(觀點(diǎn))；B. punishment(懲罰)；C. bebaviour(行為)；D．instruction(說教，源于instruct)。根據(jù)文章第三段第三，四句Also，parents should realize that“example is better than precept”．If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(說教)…可以推測(cè)，precept應(yīng)表達(dá)與example對(duì)立的意思，且與preach是同義詞，引語的意思是“榜樣比說教更有力”，故選項(xiàng)D為最佳選項(xiàng)。

【小題5】推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第三段第四句，再根據(jù)文章最后一段，可以得出結(jié)論，關(guān)于道德教育問題，父母應(yīng)該以身作則，帶頭遵循，(參見上一小題之解析)，故選A。