Question

Many people are aware of the beauty of a solar eclipse (日食), but are surprised to learn that lunar eclipses are often just as impressive. While total solar eclipse lasts only for a few minutes and can be seen only in a small area of a few kilometers, total lunar eclipse can last for several hours and can be seen over much of the planet. In fact, the beauty and stability of lunar eclipses make them a favorite of both amateur and professional photographers.

    Lunar eclipses generally occur two or three times a year, and are possible only when the Moon is full. When we see the Moon, we are actually seeing sunlight reflected off the surface of the Moon When the Earth is positioned in between the Moon and the Sun, however, the Earth's shadow falls on the Moon, and a lunar eclipse occurs.

     The type of lunar eclipse - total, partial, or penumbral (半影) - that occurs depends both on how much of the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow and through which part of the shadow it passes. A penumbral eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's outer shadow. This type of eclipse is brief and frequently goes unobserved by all but astronomers. By contrast, total and partial eclipses occur when all or part, respectively, of the Moon passes through the umbra（本影） shadow of the Earth. These eclipses are quite easy to see and are widely observed.

     Unlike solar eclipses, lunar eclipses are safe to watch. Solar radiation that occurs during an eclipse of the Sun can cause a form of burns of one's eyes known as eclipse blindness. In fact, the only way to safely view a solar eclipse is by using specially designed equipment. However, since the Moon's light is reflected sunlight, it is completely safe to watch a lunar eclipse without any special equipment, although a pair of binoculars can certainly help the viewer appreciate the beauty of this phenomenon

1.The underlined word "stability " most probably means_______.

A. strength      B. position              C. steadiness           D. visibility

2.According to the passage, a partial lunar eclipse occurs________.

A. when the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth

B. when all of the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra shadow

C. when only a part of the Moon passes through the Earth's outer shadow

D. when only a part of the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra shadow

3.The passage implies that penumbral eclipses are________.

A. longer-lasting than most solar eclipses

B. more common than partial or full lunar eclipse

C. the result of the shadow cast by the Moon onto the Earth

D. more difficult to observe than other types of lunar eclipse

4.According to the passage, it is safe to watch a lunar eclipse, unlike a solar eclipse, because ________.

A. moonlight is less strong than sunlight

B. a lunar eclipse is briefer than a solar eclipse

C. a lunar eclipse lasts much longer than a solar eclipse

D. special equipment can be employed to view a lunar eclipse

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.C

2.D

3.D

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：

本文介紹了月食發(fā)生的條件、月食的類型和觀看。月食只能在滿月時發(fā)生，有月全食、月偏食和半影月食三種情形：月全食指月球全部進(jìn)入地球本影，月偏食指月球部分進(jìn)入地球本影，半影月食指月球離地球較遠(yuǎn)、只是從地球本影最外緣掠過；觀看月食是完全安全的，無需設(shè)備。

1.詞義推斷題。第一段…total lunar eclipse can last for several hours and can be seen over much of the planet.說的是月全食時間上的持久性和可見區(qū)域的廣闊性。這種特性使其成為專業(yè)攝影師和業(yè)余攝影愛好者的最愛。stability指的是月全食在時間上的持久穩(wěn)定，詞義與steadiness相近，故C項正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。如出現(xiàn)A項描述的情況，會發(fā)生日食；B項情況出現(xiàn)會發(fā)生月全食；C項情況出現(xiàn)發(fā)生半影月食，即月球從地球本影外緣經(jīng)過，此時月球光線略略變暗，很難被人注意。由第三段…total and partial eclipses occur when all or part, respectively, of the Moon passes through the umbra shadow of the Earth. 可知，月球全部進(jìn)入地球本影發(fā)生月全食，部分進(jìn)入地球本影發(fā)生月偏食。故D項正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。由A penumbral eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's outer shadow. This type of eclipse is brief and frequently goes unobserved by all but astronomers.可知，半影月食時間短，經(jīng)常不為人注意。故選擇D項。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段…since the Moon's light is reflected sunlight, it is completely safe to watch a lunar eclipse without any special equipment 告訴我們，月光是太陽光的折射，所以觀察月食是絕對安全的。原因只能是月光比太陽光線弱。選擇A項。

考點(diǎn)：說明文。