Question

I.閱讀理解

A [2.015 "綏化市三校高三聯(lián)考]

While success is surely sweeter than failure, it seems failure is a far better teacher, and organizations that fail mis?erably often flourish (繁榮)more in the long run, according to a new study by Vinit Desai, assistant professor of manage?ment at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. Researchers have found that people missing their goals per?form much better in the long run. That is because they gain more knowledge from their failures than their successes and the lessons are more likely to stay longer in their minds.

"We found that the knowledge gained from success was often fleeting while knowledge from failure stuck around for years," said professor Desai, who led the study. "But compa?nies often ignore failure. Managers may fire people or turn over the whole workforce while they should treat the failure as a learning opportunity.，，

Professor Desai compared the flights of the space shuttle Atlantis and the Challenger. During the Atlantis' flight last year, a piece of insulation(絕緣體）broke off and damaged the left solid rocket booster (火箭助推器）but didn't influ?ence the programme. There was little investigation. The Challenger was launched next and another piece of insulation broke off. This time the shuttle and its seven-person crew were destroyed. The disaster led to a major investigation re?sulting in 29 changes to prevent future disasters.

The difference in response in the two cases came down to this ： Atlantis was considered a success and the Challenger a failure.

"Despite crowded skies, airlines are extremely reliable," he said. " The number of failures is extremely small. And past researches have shown that older airlines, those with more experience in failure, have a lower number of acci?dents. "

Professor Desai doesn't recommend finding out failure in order to learn. Instead, he advises organizations to analyse small failures to collect useful information rather than wait for major failures.

1. Why did experts pay little attention to the problem of At?lantis?

 A.     Because it worked perfectly.

B.     Because the right booster was still OK.

C.     Because nothing serious happened then.

D.     Because fewer people died in the flight.

2.Fewer accidents happen to older airlines in that . 

A. their planes couldn't fly high in the sky

 B.      they gained much from experience in failure

C.      their planes were often checked by the experts

D.     they were unpopular among passengers

 3.The passage is written mainly to_____________ .

 A.     show failure is a better teacher than success

B.     explain why the Challenger failed

C.     introduce something about Professor Desai

D.     tell managers how to achieve success

4.Which writing strategy is NOT used in developing the passage?

 A.     Giving definitions.

B.     Making comparisons.

C.     Analysing causes.

D.     Providing different examples.

Answer 1

I.閱讀理解

A [文章大意]本文是一篇社會(huì)生活類文章，通過幾個(gè)例子說明了我們從失敗中比在成功中學(xué)到的更多。因?yàn)槭�敗后，我們�?huì)去總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，避免以后發(fā)生類似的事情。

1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知，雖然Atlantis上的一塊絕緣體掉了，但是并沒有影響整個(gè)進(jìn)程。C項(xiàng)"沒有發(fā)生什么嚴(yán)重的事情"符合文章描述。故選C項(xiàng)。

2. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句"And past re-searches have shown that older airlines, those with more experi?ence in failure, have a lower number of accidents."可知，老牌航空公司出的事故少，是因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谑�敗中獲得了更多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。

3. A主旨大意題。文章圍繞"為什么人們從失敗中學(xué)到的更多"展開論述。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.A推理判斷題。文章提到兩個(gè)宇宙飛船的事例的時(shí)候，運(yùn)用了對(duì)比、分析（原因）以及舉例等寫作手法。整篇文章沒有用到下定義的寫作手法。故選A項(xiàng)。