“One thing I enjoy about my job is that I can work on something that is actually active,” says Game McGimsey, an American volcanologist(火山學(xué)家). Part of his job includes keeping an eye on Alaska’s many active volcanoes and giving people a heads-up when a volcano might erupt(噴發(fā)).

Like most jobs in the science, volcanology requires a lot of education. McGimsey received an undergraduate degree in geology at the University of North Carolina, then landed an internship(實習(xí)期) with a geologist at the USGS(美國地質(zhì)勘探局) whose work field was about volcanoes. After earning a graduate degree at the University of Colorado, McGimsey accepted a job with the USGS and has been with the Alaska Volcano Observatory for 25 years.

Volcanoes can influence the world in ways we might not think about. For example, on Dec.15 1989, a 747 jetliner (a large airplane) flew through a thick ash cloud produced by Mount Redoubt, an Alaskan volcano that hadn’t erupted in 25 years. The ash caused all four engines to die, and the plane’s electronics went dead.

“The plane was within several thousand feet of flying into the mountains below when the pilots got a couple of engines restarted and landed safely in Anchorage,” McGimsey says. It cost nearly $80 million to repair the damage to the plane.

Such situations show just how dangerous volcanoes can be. However, volcanologists know the risks and are prepared to protect themselves.

McGimsey admits, “There is certainly a higher danger level in volcanology than some other jobs. We understand how serious the danger is, and we don’t like taking unnecessary chances. We avoid getting too close to an erupting volcano, because it is not worth injury or death simply to get a rock or a photograph.”

1. Before working for the USGS, McGimsey ________.

A. had been a pilot for 25 years

B. knew nothing about the organization

C. had taught at the University of North Colorado

D. had studied at the University of Colorado

2. On Dec.15,1989, a 747 jetliner ________.

A. had all its engines restarted

B. flew into a volcano in Europe

C. survived an air accident luckily

D. disappeared in a huge ash cloud

3. What McGimsey says in the last paragraph shows his ________.

A. pride B. carefulness

C. loneliness D. doubt

4. What would be the best title for the text?

A. Game McGimsey: a man of his word

B. Game McGimsey: a volcano watcher

C. The eruption of Mt Redoubt

D. Lost land of the volcano

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刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。

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For many years, scholars have regarded My Mortal Enemy as somewhat of an enigma. Written in only a few months during the early spring of 1925 and published in 1926, Willa Cather’s shortest novel was sandwiched in between The Professor’s House (1925) and Death Comes for the Archbishop (1927). While the subject matter of these latter two works can be traced to Cather’s experience in the desert Southwest, My Mortal Enemy seemingly has nothing to do with these subjects or her Nebraska roots; it appears to have come out of nowhere, puzzling those who have tried to fit this rather irregular work into a logical progression of Cather’s artistic development. The question of what caused Cather to write such a novel at this point in her career, for example, has still not been answered definitively. One commonly held hypothesis (假說) was first voiced by Marcus Klein, who in his 1961 introduction to the novel wrote that for Cather, “The story of Myra Henshawe must have been a personal crisis”. Klein, though, acknowledged that he could not prove his theory, “because there is available no record other than the novel”. Emmy Stark Zitter has recently argued that in My Mortal Enemy and Sapphira and the Slave Girl (1940) Cather exercises the autobiographical impulse (沖擊) by putting details of her own life into her fiction, but, like Klein, she is unable to name which “details” of her life Cather drew on in writing My Mortal Enemy.

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【小題１】The underlined word “enigma” in Paragraph 1 means “________”.

A. adaptationB. abstractC. best-sellerD. mystery

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A. uncovering Cather’s personal secret

B. unlocking the scholars’ imagination

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