To be concerned with proper child development is to be concerned about making sure that children have daily access to both mothers’ and fathers’ parenting.

    If Heather is being raised by two mommies and Brandon is being raised by Daddy and his new husband-roommate, Heather and Brandon might have two adults in their lives, but  they are being deprived of the benefits found in the unique influences found in a mother and father’s differing parenting styles. Much of the value mothers and fathers bring to their children is due to the fact that mothers and fathers are different. And by cooperating together and complementing each other in their differences, they provide these good things that same-sex caregivers cannot. The important value of these gender-based differences in healthy child-development will be explored here.

   The fathering difference is explained by fathering scholar Dr. Kyle Pruett of Yale Medical School in his book Fatherneed: Why Father Care is as Essential as Mother Care for Your Child. Pruett says dads matter simply because “fathers do not mother.” A father, as a male parent, brings unique contributions to the job of parenting that a mother cannot.

   Likewise, a mother, as a female parent, uniquely impacts the life and development of her child, as Dr. Brenda Hunter explains in her book, The Power of Mother Love: Transforming Both Mother and Child. Erik Erikson explained that father love and mother love are qualitatively different kinds of love. Fathers love more dangerously because their love is more expectant than a mother’s love.

     Dr. Pruett also explains that fathers have a clear style of communication with children. Babuism by 8 weeks, can tell the difference between a male or female communicating with  them. Stanford psychologist Eleanor Maccoby, in her book The Two Sexes, explains mothers and fathers respond differently to babies. Mothers are more likely to provide warm care for a envying baby. Whether they realize it or not, children are learning at earliest age that men and women are different and have different ways of dealing with life, other adults and their children.

58．This passage is mainly about___________.

 A．three experts’ differen t arguments

 B．the introductions to the three famous books

 C．mothers and fathers’ different parenting styles

 D．the value of parents’ parenting in healthy child－development

59．Which can replace the underlined phrase “deprived of” in Para. 2?

 A．provided          B．kept         C．taken away      D．turned down

60．Which of the following about Dr. Pruett is TRUE?

 A．He thinks fathers make more contribution to the job of parenting than mothers.

 B．He thinks fathers have better communication with children than mothers.

 C．He thinks same – set caregivers cannot bring children good things.

 D．He thinks children need father care as well as mother card.

【小題1】D

【小題2】C

【小題3】D

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆福建省福州外國語學(xué)校高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivate a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.
For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults，men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions（腦震蕩）in the past.
Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.
According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month，the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory，attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.
This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic（外傷的）brain injury” , like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a conc ussion.
The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.
【小題1】The passage is most probably a _________________.

A．news reportB．research report
C．story for soccer players D．text for doctors
【小題2】From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have  _________________.
A．significant effect on one’s brain
B．little effect on one’s brain
C．nothing to do with the brain injury
D．one’s memory improved
【小題3】What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?
A．Playing soccer frequently.B．Tests of their memory.
C．White matter loss.D．Information processing.
【小題4】The underlined word "fumbling" is closest in meaning to ________________.
A．rememberingB．misunderstandingC．recallingD．missing

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年福建省福州外國語學(xué)校高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivate a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.

For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults，men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions（腦震蕩）in the past.

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.

According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month，the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory，attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.

This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic（外傷的）brain injury” , like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a conc ussion.

The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.

1.The passage is most probably a _________________.

A．news report

B．research report

C．story for soccer players

D．text for doctors

2.From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have  _________________.

A．significant effect on one’s brain

B．little effect on one’s brain

C．nothing to do with the brain injury

D．one’s memory improved

3.What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?

A．Playing soccer frequently.

B．Tests of their memory.

C．White matter loss.

D．Information processing.

4.The underlined word "fumbling" is closest in meaning to ________________.

A．remembering

B．misunderstanding

C．recalling

D．missing

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

There is more to Manchester than United

MUSEUM OF TRANSPORT

BOYLE St, CHEETHAM, MANCHESTER M8 8UM;

Tel: 0161 205 2122

Enjoy a trip down memory lane at the Museum of Transport, a working museum displaying the development of road public transport in Manchester. There are over 80 buses from 1890 to 1980.

Over 100 exhibits, from horse-drawn bus to metrolink.

The museum has small exhibit displays reflecting the history of bus, coach and tram travel., E% `( n4

OPENING HOURS and ADMISSION PRICES

Wednesdays, Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays:

10: 00 am―4: 00 pm

10: 00 am―5: 00 pm

TADULT’s ￡3.00,  CONC(折扣價) ￡1.75,  UNDER 5’s FREE

Family ticket (up to two adults and up to three children) ￡9.00

Adult season ticket (unlimited visits for six months) ￡8.00

Child/ Senior citizen season ticket ￡6.00 

Family season ticket ￡20.00  

PRICES FOR PARTIES BY ARRANGEMENT

GUIDED TOURS AVAILABLE BY APPOINTMENT

Tea rooms, souvenirs(紀念品) and model shops also open

    www.gmts.co,uk

69. The main purpose of writing this text is ____________.

A. to describe the transport condition in Manchester

B. to explain the development of public transportation in Manchester

C. to introduce a museum in Manchester   

D. to persuade people to visit Manchester

70. Which of the following is NOT true about the museum?

A. Buses of all times are on show in the museum.

B. Visitors can learn about the history of transport

C. Model buses can be bought as gifts in the museum

D. The museum is usually open three days a week.

71.If your 70-year-old grandfather plans to visit the museum regularly the whole year, he probably has to pay ___________.

A.￡16                   B.￡18                   C.￡12                            D.￡40

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