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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:廣東省廣州市越秀區(qū)2011屆高三上學(xué)期摸底考試試題(英語(yǔ)) 題型:閱讀理解
Beyond the Factory: Child Labor in the Cities
At the beginning of the nineteenth century, factory owners faced few restrictions on the way they employed their children workers, who were between the age of 7 and 12. Gradually laws came into being.
The first child-labor laws were passed at the state level in America and usually focused on both required education and a minimum age for employment. And added rules limited the length of the workday for children. Pennsylvania, for example, limited the workday to 10 hours for children under 12. However, government officials cared little whether businesses followed the law. In fact one group of children was left entirely unprotected by labor laws -- the children of immigrant families.
By the beginning of the twentieth century, piecework appeared, for which people were paid by the piece. Significant numbers of women sewed baby dresses or men's neckties and made the artificial flowers used to decorate hats. Piecework turned homes into factories that were free from the law, and countless children worked long hours alongside their mothers and old sisters.
Manufactures exploited the system shamelessly and paid the lowest wages they could. Embroidering (刺繡) a silk dress, which was a 10-day job, might generate a five-dollar payment. In the case of "willowing", workers needed to add more strands to ostrich feathers used on hats to make them longer and more graceful. The first willowers were paid 15 cents per inch, but a few months later, the pay was reduced to 13 cents. Within three years, willowers were earning only three cents per inch.
In order to survive under these circumstances, pieceworkers had even their youngest children help them. In one Italian neighborhood, a three-year-old girl helped her mother sew clothes. In another case, a child of eight who had lived in New York for three years had never been to school at all and could speak almost no English. Slowly child labor laws brought these abuses to an end.
31. The first child-labor laws required ______.
A. workplace safety and conditions
B. minimum payment and age
C. education and working time
D. minimum payment and schooling
32. Manufactures who hired women to do piecework ______.
A. were kind and concerned employers
B. were sometimes called "willowers"
C. usually paid the lowest salary
D. forced children to turn home into factories
33. "Willowing" was a kind of ______.
A. handwork activity B. workplace
C. payment requirement D. workers
34. By raising the example of the three-year-old girl's experience in the last paragraph, the author intended to ______.
A. show how poor the situations were for children workers
B. blame those adult pieceworkers for allowing children to work
C. attract attention to protect young children
D. emphasize the importance of educating young children
35. Which of the following sentences best summarizes the passage?
A. The first child-labor laws were limited due to working at the state level.
B. Early child-labor laws offered no protection to children who worked at home.
C. Some immigrant children did not learn English because of their piecework.
D. Child-labor laws should have come into being before children became workers.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2013屆山東省曲阜崇德高考補(bǔ)習(xí)學(xué)校高三第一學(xué)段檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷(帶解析) 題型:閱讀理解
BELJLNG-Eating at a Beijing restaurant is usually an adventure for foreigners, and particularly when they get the chance to order “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head”.
Sometimes excited but mostly confused, embarrassed or even terrified, many foreigners have long complained about mistranslations of Chinese dishes. And their complaints are often valid, but such an experience at Beijing’s restaurants will apparently soon be history.
Foreign visitors will no longer, hopefully, be confused by oddly worded restaurant menus in the capital if the government’s plan to correctly translate 3,000 Chinese dishes is a success and the translations are generally adopted.
The municipal(市政)office of foreign affairs has published a book to recommend English translations of Chinese dishes, which aims to help restaurants avoid bizarre translations. It provides the names of main dishes of famous Chinese cuisines in plain English, “an official with the city’s Foreign Affairs office said .” Restaurants are encouraged to use the proposed translations, but it will not be compulsory .“ It’s the city’s latest effort to bridge the culture gap for foreign travelers in China.
Coming up with precise translations is a daunting task, as some Chinese culinary techniques are untranslatable and many Chinese dishes have no English-language equivalent.The translators, after conducting a study of Chinese restaurants in English-speaking countries, divided the dish names into four categories: ingredients, cooking method, taste and name of a person or a place. For some traditional dishes, pinyin, the Chinese phonetic system, is used, such as mapo tofu(previously often literally translated as “beancurd made by woman with freckles”), baozi(steamed stuffed bun ) and jiaozi (dumplings) to “reflect the Chinese cuisine culture,” according to the book.
“The book is a blessing to tourist guides like me. Having it, I don’t have to rack my brains trying to explain Chinese dishes to foreign travellers,” said Zheng Xiaodong, a 31- year – old employe with a Beijing- based travel agency.
“I will buy the book as I major in English literature and I’d like to introduce Chinese cuisine culture to more foreign friends,” said Han Yang, a postgraduate student at the University of International Business and Economics.
It is not clear if the book will be introduced to other parts of China. But on Tuesday, this was the most discussed topic on weibo. com, China’s most popular microblogging site.
【小題1】 What’s the best title of the passage?
A.An adventure for foreigners who eat in Beijing. |
B.Confusing mistranslations of Chinese dishes |
C.Chinese dishes to have “official” English names |
D.The effort to bridge the culture gap |
A.some Chinese dishes are not well received |
B.some Chinese dishes are hard to translate |
C.some Chinese dishes are mistranslated |
D.some Chinese dishes are not acceptable |
A.Recommending a book on Chinese dishes |
B.Advocating using precise translation for Chinese dishes |
C.Publishing a book on China’s dietary habits |
D.Providing the names of main Chinese dishes |
A.confusing | B.disappointing | C.discouraging | D.worthwhile |
A.not clear | B.excited | C.favorable | D.divided |
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2014屆福建安溪一中養(yǎng)正中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
BEIJING—Eating at a Beijing restaurant is usually an adventure for foreigners, and particularly when they get the chance to order “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head”.
Sometimes excited but mostly confused, embarrassed or even terrified, many foreigners have long complained about mistranslations of Chinese dishes. And their complaints are often valid(有效), but such an experience at Beijing’s restaurants will apparently soon be history.
Foreign visitors will no longer, hopefully, be confused by oddly worded restaurant menus in the capital if the government’s plan to correctly translate 3,000 Chinese dishes is a success and the translations are generally adopted.
The municipal(市政) office of foreign affairs has published a book to recommend English translations of Chinese dishes, which aims to help restaurants avoid bizarre translations. “It provides the names of main dishes of famous Chinese cuisines in plain English,” an official with the city’s Foreign Affairs office said. “Restaurants are encouraged to use the proposed translations, but it will not be compulsory.” It’s the city’s latest effort to bridge the culture gap for foreign travelers in China.
Coming up with precise translations is a daunting task, as some Chinese culinary(烹飪) techniques are untranslatable and many Chinese dishes have no English-language equivalent. The translators, after conducting a study of Chinese restaurants in English-speaking countries, divided the dish names into four categories: ingredients, cooking method, taste and name of a person or a place. For some traditional dishes, pinyin, the Chinese phonetic system, is used, such as mapo tofu(previously often literally translated as “beancurd made by woman with freckles”), baozi(steamed stuffed bun) and jiaozi(dumplings) to “reflect the Chinese cuisine culture,” according to the book.
“The book is a blessing to tourist guides like me. Having it, I don’t have to rack my brains trying to explain Chinese dishes to foreign travellers,” said Zheng Xiaodong, a 31-year-old employee with a Beijing-based travel agency.
“I will buy the book as I major in English literature and I’d like to introduce Chinese cuisine culture to more foreign friends,” said Han Yang, a postgraduate student at the University of International Business and Economics.
It is not clear if the book will be introduced to other parts of China. But on Tuesday, this was the most discussed topic on weibo.com, China’s most popular microblogging site.
1.What’s the best title of the passage?
A.An adventure for foreigners who eat in Beijing.
B.Confusing mistranslations of Chinese dishes.
C.Chinese dishes to have “official” English names.
D.The effort to bridge the culture gap.
2. “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head” are mentioned in the beginning of the passage to show .
A.some Chinese dishes are not well received
B.some Chinese dishes are hard to translate
C.some Chinese dishes are mistranslated
D.some Chinese dishes are not acceptable
3.What measure has the municipal office taken?
A.Recommending a book on Chinese dishes.
B.Advocating(提倡) using precise translation for Chinese dishes.
C.Publishing a book on China’s dietary habits.
D.Providing the names of main Chinese dishes.
4.What’s the meaning of daunting in paragraph 5?
A.confusing B.disappointing C.discouraging D.Worthwhile
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2014屆湖北省高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
In Canada and the United States, there is a new group of children called “satellite kids”, who live in one place but whose parents live in another place.
Asians are immigrating (移民) to Canada and the United States in larger numbers than ever before. Most Asians immigrate because they believe that they can give their children a better education in the West. In Asia, especially in China, Japan, and Korea, it is difficult to go to university. Students must first pass the strict national examination. However, in Canada and the United States, it is easy to go to university, and anyone who wants to go can go. As a result, Asian parents decide to leave their countries so that their children can go to university.
The problem is that when Asians arrive, they discover that finding a job and making money are more difficult in the West than in the East. Also, they find that they are very lonely, and that they miss their homes. For these two reasons, most Asian parents decide to go back to work while their children study in the West. Therefore, these children become “satellite kids”, and most of their parents do not know how sad it is to be a “satellite kid”.
Only until now are Canadians and Americans discovering the “satellite kid” problem. Because these children do not speak English and because their parents are not there to take care of them, they are often absent from school. To be a “satellite kid” means to grow up in a country where you know you are different and where you cannot make friends because you do not speak English well. Also, it means to grow up lonely, because your parents are elsewhere. What these “satellite kids” will probably say to their parents is that it’s better to have parents around than to have a university education.
1.Some Asian parents send their kids abroad because ________.
A.they hope their children may easily find a job there
B.the kids may not be accepted by universities in their own countries
C.a(chǎn)ll foreign universities are better than the ones in their own countries
D.the kids want to improve their English and make foreign friends
2.“Satellite kids” refer to Asian kids ________.
A.without parents B.living abroad alone
C.with university education D.speaking no English
3.Some Asian immigrant children become “satellite kids” because their parents ________.
A.want to leave their own country B.want them to go to university
C.return to their countries to work D.want them to be independent
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Parents want better education for their kids.
B.Parents feel lonely and miss their families.
C.Canadians and Americans begin to notice the “satellite kids” problem.
D.Kids in foreign countries alone are badly in need of care from family.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2012-2013學(xué)年安徽省無(wú)為縣四高三考英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
In Canada and the United States, there is a new group of children called “satellite kids”, who live in one place but whose parents live in another place.
Asians are immigrating to Canada and the United States in larger numbers than ever before. Most Asians immigrate because they believe that they can give their children a better education in the West. In Asia, especially in China, Japan, and Korea, it is difficult to go to university. Students must first pass the strict national examination. However, in Canada and the United States, it is easy to go to university and anyone who wants to go can go. As a result, Asian parents decide to leave their countries so that their children can go to university.
The problem is that when Asians arrive, they discover that finding a job and making money are more difficult in the West than in the East. Also, they find that they are very lonely, and that they miss their homes. Because of these two reasons, most Asian parents decide to go back to work while their children study in the West. Therefore, these children become “satellite kids”, and most of their parents do not know how sad it is to be a “satellite kid”.
Only until now are Canadians and Americans discovering the “satellite kid” problem. Because these children do not speak English and because their parents are not there to take care of them, they are often absent from school. To be a “satellite kid” means to grow up in a country where you know you are different and where you cannot make friends because you do not speak English well. Also, it means to grow up lonely, because your parents are elsewhere. What these “satellite kids” will probably say to their parents is that it’s better to have parents around than to have a university education.
1.Some Asian parents send their kids abroad because _______.
A.a(chǎn)ll foreign universities are better than the ones in their own countries
B.they hope their children may easily find a job there
C.the kids may not be accepted by universities in their own countries
D.the kids want to improve their English and make foreign friends
2.“Satellite kids” refer to Asian kids ________.
A.with university education B.speaking no English
C.without parents D.living abroad alone
3.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Parents want better education for their kids.
B.Kids in foreign countries alone are badly in need of care from family.
C.Parents feel lonely and miss their families.
D.Canadians and Americans begin to notice the “satellite kids” problem.
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