解答:解:(1)方程|f(x)|=g(x),即|x
2-1|=a|x-1|,變形得|x-1|(|x+1|-a)=0,
顯然,x=1已是該方程的根,從而要使原方程只有一解,即要求方程|x+1|=a有且僅有一個(gè)等于1的解或無解,
作出函數(shù)y=|x+1|的圖象如圖所示:
結(jié)合圖形得a<0.
(2)不等式f(x)≥g(x)對x∈R恒成立,即(x
2-1)≥a|x-1|(*)對x∈R恒成立,
①當(dāng)x=1時(shí),(*)顯然成立,此時(shí)a∈R;
②當(dāng)x≠1時(shí),(*)可變形為 a≤
,令 φ(x)=
=
,
∵當(dāng)x>1時(shí),φ(x)>2,當(dāng)x<1時(shí),φ(x)>-2,
∴φ(x)>-2,故此時(shí)a≤-2.
綜合①②,得所求實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是a≤-2.
(3)∵h(yuǎn)(x)=|f(x)|+g(x)=|x
2-1|+a|x-1|=
| x2+ax-a-1,x≥1 | -x2-ax+a+1,-1≤x<1 | x2-ax+a-1,x<-1 |
| |
,
選取區(qū)間[0,+∞)為實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍,則
①當(dāng)
>1即a>2時(shí),可知h(x)在[-2,1]上遞減,在[1,2]上遞增,
且h(-2)=3a+3,h(2)=a+3,經(jīng)比較,此時(shí)h(x)在[-2,2]上的最大值為3a+3;
②當(dāng)0
≤≤1即0≤a≤2時(shí),可知,h(x)在[-2,-1],[-
,1]上遞減,在[-1,-
],[1,2]上遞增,
且h(-2)=3a+3,h(2)=a+3,h(-
)=
+a+1,
經(jīng)比較,知此時(shí)h(x)在[-2,2]上的最大值為3a+3.
選區(qū)間[-3,0]為實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍,則
①當(dāng)-1
≤<0即-2≤a<0時(shí),可知h(x)在[-2,-1],[-
,1]上遞減,在[-1,-
],[1,2]上遞增,
且h(-2)=3a+3,h(2)=a+3,h(-
)=
+a+1,
經(jīng)比較,知此時(shí)h(x)在[-2,2]上的最大值為a+3;
②當(dāng)-
≤
<-1即-3≤a<-2時(shí),可知h(x)在[-2,
],[1,-
]上遞減,在[
,1],[-
,2]上遞增,
且h(-2)=3a+3<0,h(2)=a+3≥0,
經(jīng)比較,知此時(shí)h(x)在[-2,2]上的最大值為a+3,
綜上所述,當(dāng)-3≤a<0時(shí),h(x)在[-2,2]上的最大值為a+3.
選取區(qū)間(-∞,-3)為實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍,
則
<-
,可知h(x)在[-2,1]上遞減,在[1,2]上遞增,
故此時(shí)h(x)在[-2,2]上的最大值為h(1)=0,
綜上所述,當(dāng)a<-3時(shí),h(x)在[-2,2]上的最大值為0..