【答案】
分析:(Ⅰ)求導(dǎo)函數(shù),由導(dǎo)數(shù)的正負(fù),可確定函數(shù)的單調(diào)性;
(Ⅱ)f(x)在x=1處取得極小值f(1)=e,根據(jù)f(-2)=13e
-2<e,可得f(x)僅在x=-2處取得[-2,t]上的最小值f(-2),從而當(dāng)t>-2時(shí),f(-2)<f(t),故問題得證;
(Ⅲ)設(shè)g(x)=f(x)+(x-2)e
x=(x-1)
2e
x,當(dāng)x>1時(shí)判斷方程g(x)=x根的個(gè)數(shù)等價(jià)于(x-1)
2e
x=x當(dāng)x>1時(shí)根的個(gè)數(shù),構(gòu)造函數(shù),利用導(dǎo)數(shù)知識(shí)求解即可.
解答:(Ⅰ)解:因?yàn)閒′(x)=(x
2-3x+3)•e
x+(2x-3)•e
x=x(x-1)•e
x.
當(dāng)t>1時(shí),由f′(x)>0,可得t>x>1或-2<x<0;由f′(x)<0,可得0<x<1
所以f(x)在(-2,0),(1,t)上遞增,在(0,1)上遞減.
(Ⅱ)證明:由f′(x)>0,可得x>1或x<0;由f′(x)<0,可得0<x<1
所以f(x)在(-∞,0),(1,+∞)上遞增,在(0,1)上遞減,所以f(x)在x=1處取得極小值f(1)=e.
又∵f(-2)=13e
-2<e,所以f(x)僅在x=-2處取得[-2,t]上的最小值f(-2)
從而當(dāng)t>-2時(shí),f(-2)<f(t),即m<n.
(Ⅲ)解:設(shè)g(x)=f(x)+(x-2)e
x=(x-1)
2e
x,當(dāng)x>1時(shí)判斷方程g(x)=x根的個(gè)數(shù)等價(jià)于(x-1)
2e
x=x當(dāng)x>1時(shí)根的個(gè)數(shù)
設(shè)h(x)=(x-1)
2e
x-x(x>1),則h′(x)=(x
2-1)e
x-1,
再設(shè)k(x)(x
2-1)e
x-1(x>1),則k′(x)=(x
2+2x-1)e
x,
當(dāng)x>1時(shí),k′(x)>1,即k(x)在(1,+∞)單調(diào)遞增
∵k(1)=-1<0,k(2)=3e
2-1>0
∴在(1,2)上存在唯一x
,使k(x
)=0,即存在唯一x
∈(1,2),使h′(x
)=0
函數(shù)h(x)在(1,x
)上,h′(x
)<0,函數(shù)單調(diào)減,在(x
,+∞)上,h′(x
)>0,函數(shù)單調(diào)增,
∴h(x)
min=h(x
)<h(1)=-1<0
∵h(yuǎn)(2)=e
2-2>0
y=h(x)的大致圖象如圖,
由此可得y=h(x)在(1,+∞)上只有一個(gè)零點(diǎn),即g(x)=x,x>1時(shí)只有1個(gè)實(shí)根.
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查導(dǎo)數(shù)知識(shí)的運(yùn)用,考查函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,考查函數(shù)的極值與最值,考查函數(shù)的零點(diǎn),構(gòu)造函數(shù),確定函數(shù)的單調(diào)性是關(guān)鍵.