解答:(Ⅰ)解:當(dāng)
a=-時,
f(x)=-x2+ln(x+1)(x>-1),
f′(x)=-x+=-(x>-1),
由f'(x)>0,解得-1<x<1,由f'(x)<0,解得x>1.
故函數(shù)f(x)的單調(diào)遞增區(qū)間為(-1,1),單調(diào)遞減區(qū)間為(1,+∞).(4分)
(Ⅱ)解:因當(dāng)x∈[0,+∞)時,不等式f(x)≤x恒成立,即ax
2+ln(x+1)-x≤0恒成立,設(shè)g(x)=ax
2+ln(x+1)-x(x≥0),只需g(x)
max≤0即可.(5分)
由
g′(x)=2ax+-1=
,
(ⅰ)當(dāng)a=0時,
g′(x)=,當(dāng)x>0時,g'(x)<0,函數(shù)g(x)在(0,+∞)上單調(diào)遞減,故g(x)≤g(0)=0成立.(6分)
(ⅱ)當(dāng)a>0時,由
g′(x)==0,因x∈[0,+∞),所以
x=-1,
①若
-1<0,即
a>時,在區(qū)間(0,+∞)上,g'(x)>0,則函數(shù)g(x)在(0,+∞)上單調(diào)遞增,g(x)在[0,+∞)上無最大值(或:當(dāng)x→+∞時,g(x)→+∞),此時不滿足條件;
②若
-1≥0,即
0<a≤時,函數(shù)g(x)在
(0,-1)上單調(diào)遞減,在區(qū)間
(-1,+∞)上單調(diào)遞增,同樣g(x)在[0,+∞)上無最大值,不滿足條件.(8分)
(ⅲ)當(dāng)a<0時,由
g′(x)=,∵x∈[0,+∞),∴2ax+(2a-1)<0,
∴g'(x)<0,故函數(shù)g(x)在[0,+∞)上單調(diào)遞減,故g(x)≤g(0)=0成立.
綜上所述,實數(shù)a的取值范圍是(-∞,0].(10分)
(Ⅲ)證明:據(jù)(Ⅱ)知當(dāng)a=0時,ln(x+1)≤x在[0,+∞)上恒成立(11分)
又
=2(-),
∵
ln{(1+)(1+)(1+)•…•[1+]}=
ln(1+)+ln(1+)+ln(1+)+…+ln[1+]<+++…+=
2[(-)+(-)+(-)+…+(-)]=
2[(-)]<1,
∴
(1+)(1+)(1+)•…•[1+]<e.(14分)