試題分析:1)由f(x)求出其導(dǎo)函數(shù),把切點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)代入導(dǎo)函數(shù)中即可表示出切線的斜率,根據(jù)切點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)和切線過原點(diǎn)寫出切線方程,再和g(x)聯(lián)立,利用根的判別求解即可.(2)通過求h′(x),結(jié)合函數(shù)h(x)在定義域上存在單調(diào)減區(qū)間,轉(zhuǎn)化為存在性問題求b的取值范圍.(3)要使得對于區(qū)間[1,2]上的任意兩個(gè)不相等的實(shí)數(shù)x
1,x
2,都有|f(x
1)-f(x
2)|>|g(x
1)-g(x
2)|成立,利用導(dǎo)數(shù)的幾何是切線的斜率,得到對于區(qū)間[1,2]上的任意實(shí)數(shù)x,|f′(x)|>|g′(x)|,列出b的不等關(guān)系,從而得出b的取值范圍.解:(1)f(x)=lnx得f′(x)=
,函數(shù)f(x)的圖象在點(diǎn)(1,f(1))處的切線的斜率為f′(1)=1,切線方程為:y-0=x-1即y=x-1.
由已知得它與g(x)的圖象相切,將y=x-1代入得x-1=
x
2-bx,即
x
2-(b+1)x+1=0,∴△=(b+1)
2-2=0,解得b=±
-1,即實(shí)數(shù)b的值為±
-1.(2)h(x)=f(x)+g(x)=lnx+
x
2-bx,∴h′(x)=
+x-b,根據(jù)函數(shù)h(x)在定義域(0,+∞)上存在單調(diào)減區(qū)間,∴存在x>0,使得
+x-b<0,即b>
+x,由于當(dāng)x>0時(shí),
+x≥2,∴b>2.∴實(shí)數(shù)b 的取值范圍(2,+∞).
(3)對于區(qū)間[1,2]上的任意實(shí)數(shù)x,f′(x)=
∈[
,1]. g′(x)=x-b∈[1-b,2-b],要使得對于區(qū)間[1,2]上的任意兩個(gè)不相等的實(shí)數(shù)x
1,x
2,都有|f(x
1)-f(x
2)|>|g(x
1)-g(x
2)|成立,若用注意到f(x)是增函數(shù),不妨設(shè)x
1>x
2,則f(x
1)>f(x
2),問題轉(zhuǎn)化為|f(x
1)-f(x
2)|>|g(x
1)-g(x
2)|等價(jià)于-f(x
1)+f(x
2)<g(x
1)-g(x
2)<f(x
1)-f(x
2)從而f(x
1)-g(x
1)>f(x
2)-g(x
2)且f(x
1)+g(x
1)>f(x
2)+g(x
2),即f(x)-g(x)與f(x)+g(x)都是增函數(shù),利用導(dǎo)數(shù)的幾何是切線的斜率,得到|f′(x)|>|g′(x)|,即
>|b-x|,于是x-
≤b≤x+
即(x-
)
max≤b≤(x+
)
min,∴
≤b≤2.則b的取值范圍[
(1)
;
(2)b的取值范圍為
點(diǎn)評:對于已知函數(shù)單調(diào)性,求參數(shù)范圍問題的常見解法;設(shè)函數(shù)f(x)在(a,b)上可導(dǎo),若f(x)在(a,b)上是增函數(shù),則可得f′(x)≥0,從而建立了關(guān)于待求參數(shù)的不等式,同理,若f(x)在(a,b)上是減函數(shù),,則可得f′(x)≤0.