【題目】把下面的句子改為賓語從句。

1“What are you doing?” Mom asked Kangkang.

______________________________________________

2“I don’t like it at all.” said Jane.

______________________________________________

3“Where can I find the post office?” I asked.

______________________________________________

4“I’m wearing a Yao costume.” Maria told us.

______________________________________________

【答案】

1Mom asked Kangkang what he was doing.

2Jane said (that) she didn’t like it at all.

3I asked where I could find the post office.

4Maria told us (that) she was wearing a Yao costume.

【解析】

1句意:媽媽問康康他在做什么。

考查賓語從句的用法。題干中直接引語“What are you doing?”為特殊疑問句。改成間接引語時,原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞,主句的謂語動詞用asksb.)來表達,語序改為陳述句語序。直接引語的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進行時且主句為過去時態(tài)。變成間接引語時時態(tài)應用過去進行時。故答案為:Mom asked Kangkang what he was doing。

2句意:簡說她一點也不喜歡。

考查賓語從句的用法。題干中直接引語“I don’t like it at all”為陳述句。用連詞that引導,that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直用接引語中的said,也可用told來代替,直接引語的時態(tài)為一般進行時且主句為過去時態(tài)。故間接引語的時態(tài)應為一般過去時。故答案為:Jane said (that) she didn’t like it at all。

3句意:我問在哪里可以找到郵局?

考查賓語從句的用法。題干中直接引語“Where can I find the post office?”為特殊疑問句。改成間接引語時,原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞,主句的謂語動詞用asksb.)來表達,語序改為陳述句語序。主句的為第一人陳I,從句的第一人稱隨主句的主語變化。直接引語的時態(tài)為一般進行時且主句為過去時態(tài)。故間接引語的時態(tài)應為一般過去時。故答案為:I asked where I could find the post office。

4句意:瑪麗亞告訴我們她穿著瑤族的服裝。

考查賓語從句的用法。題干中直接引語“I’m wearing a Yao costume”為陳述句。用連詞that引導,that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直用接引語中的said,也可用told來代替,直接引語的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進行時且主句為過去時態(tài)。故間接引語的時態(tài)應為過去進行時。故答案為:Maria told us (that) she was wearing a Yao costume.。

直接引語和間接引語

I.時態(tài)變化

直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,若主句為過去時態(tài),變?yōu)殚g接引語的賓語從句的時態(tài)如下表:

II.如何變句型

①直接引語如果是陳述句,間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句。

②直接引語如果是反意疑問句、選擇疑問句或一般疑問句,間接引語應改為由whetherif引導的賓語從句.

③直接引語如果是特殊問句,間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句(賓語從句必須用陳述句語序)。

④直接引語如果是祈使句,間接引語應改為“tell (ask) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。

⑤直接引語如果是以“Let’s”開頭的祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,通常用“suggest +動名詞(或從句)!

⑥直接引語是感嘆句時,間接引語為what how 引導,也可以用that 引導。

⑦如果直接引語中含有since, when, while 引導的表示過去時間的狀語從句,在變?yōu)殚g接引語時,只改變主句中的謂語動詞,從句的一般過去時則不變。
III.人稱變化

遵從一主二賓三不變

一主:從句的第一人稱隨主句的主語變化。

二賓:從句的第二人稱隨主句的賓語變化。

三不變:從句的第三人稱不需要變化。

IV.注意

在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,時態(tài)一般不變化。

①直接引語是客觀真理。

②主句謂語為一般現(xiàn)在時,變間接引語時,若主句謂語時態(tài)不變仍為一般現(xiàn)在時,從句時態(tài)也不變。

③直接引語是一般現(xiàn)在時,且表示反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作,變間接引語,時態(tài)不變。

④直接引語為諺語警句或名人名言時,時態(tài)不變。

⑤直接引語為客觀事實真理,時態(tài)不變。

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