If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown. It will greatly increase your chances of survival. Many people think that preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important, but actually eighty percent of mountain survivals is your reaction(反應(yīng)) to fear.
Find a hiding place.
Unnecessary efforts will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area, you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of valleys—cold air falls, and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.
Signal rescuers for help.
The best time to signal rescuers(救援者) is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible—it will be easier for rescuers to see you, and any sound you make will farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket (a special blanket for traveling), build three smoky fires and put your blanket—gold side facing out—on the ground.
Do not walk away.
It will make finding you more difficult, as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one.
If you get frostbite（凍傷）, do not rewarm the affected area until you’re out of danger. You can walk on frostbitten feet, but once you warm the area and can feel the pain, you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.
【小題1】When lost in the mountains, you can increase your chances of survival if you _____.

A．try to find a car immediatelyB．take a space blanket with you
C．do more physical laborD．walk as far as possible to find help
【小題2】According to the passage, people most probably fail to survive if they _____.
A．do not keep themselves warmB．stay in the middle of the mountain
C．do not take enough equipmentD．stay in a snow-covered area
【小題3】What can we infer from the passage?
A．Never go to unfamiliar places alone.B．Mountain traveling is dangerous.
C．Don’t get frightened in danger.D．Don’t travel by yourself.
【小題4】The passage talks mainly about _____.
A．mountain travelingB．mountain dangers
C．mountain survivalsD．mountain searching


【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：這篇短文主要介紹了一些在山中目錄的人如何生存的問題.
【小題1】根據(jù)第三段If you take a box of matches and a space blanket (a special blanket for traveling), build three smoky fires and put your blanket—gold side facing out—on the ground.描述,太空毯有助于你發(fā)出求救信號(hào),故選B.
【小題2】根據(jù)短文第二段描述,可知在野外生存最重要的是保暖,故選A.
【小題3】根據(jù)第一段If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown.描述,可知迷路時(shí)保持冷靜,不害怕最重要.故選C.
【小題4】根據(jù)第一段If you are lost in the mountains,及下文描述,可知本文主要講的是在山中的生存問題,故選C.
考點(diǎn)：關(guān)于野外如何自救的說明文閱讀
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文難度較大，個(gè)別小題需要根據(jù)相關(guān)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理總結(jié)。首先要認(rèn)真閱讀短文，注意前后聯(lián)系，掌握短文大意，然后帶著問題再讀短文，找出相關(guān)段落，分析總結(jié)，判斷出正確選項(xiàng)。文章所設(shè)試題主要考察細(xì)節(jié)查找，做題關(guān)鍵是找出原文的根據(jù)，認(rèn)真核查小題和原文的異同。

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