The newspaper________a few minutes ago.


  1. A.
    was come
  2. B.
    came
  3. C.
    has come
  4. D.
    was coming
B
分析:由a few minutes ago判斷出應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí),排除C和D,A項(xiàng)的was come在形式上是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),但這是錯(cuò)誤的。有同學(xué)學(xué)了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之后,認(rèn)為the newspaper不會(huì)自己來(lái)的,是郵遞員送來(lái)的,因此就判斷為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),這樣實(shí)際上是偷換了一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,如果動(dòng)詞是deliver(投遞)的話,本句確實(shí)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),句子是The newspaper was elivered here a few minutes ago.問(wèn)題是本句中的動(dòng)詞是come,而come是不及物動(dòng)詞,不及物動(dòng)詞是沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的。(延伸)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)就是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),因?yàn)橹挥屑拔飫?dòng)詞才有賓語(yǔ),所以只有及物動(dòng)詞才有可能改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),不及物動(dòng)詞是沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的。記住常見的不及物動(dòng)詞come,go,happen(發(fā)生),take place以及表示“到達(dá)”的get to,arrive,“離開”的leave等,還要注意有些及物動(dòng)詞也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),如have,cost,reach(到達(dá))等。(延伸)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的總公式是“be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”,在助動(dòng)詞be上體現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài),所以在掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)要熟記be的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式,要熟記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。
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